Intel® Agilex™ General-Purpose I/O and LVDS SERDES User Guide

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Date 10/29/2021
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Document Table of Contents
Document Table of Contents x
1. Intel® Agilex™ General-Purpose I/O and LVDS SERDES Overview 2. Intel® Agilex™ I/O Features and Usage 3. Intel® Agilex™ I/O Termination 4. Intel® Agilex™ High-Speed SERDES I/O Architecture 5. I/O and LVDS SERDES Design Guidelines 6. Troubleshooting Guidelines 7. Documentation Related to the Intel® Agilex™ General-Purpose I/O and LVDS SERDES User Guide 8. Intel® Agilex™ General-Purpose I/O and LVDS SERDES User Guide Archives 9. Document Revision History for the Intel® Agilex™ General-Purpose I/O and LVDS SERDES User Guide
1. Intel® Agilex™ General-Purpose I/O and LVDS SERDES Overview x
1.1. Intel® Agilex™ I/O and Differential I/O Buffers 1.2. Package Selection and I/O Vertical Migration Support 1.3. I/O Banks
1.3. I/O Banks x
1.3.1. I/O Buffer and Registers in Intel® Agilex™ Devices
2. Intel® Agilex™ I/O Features and Usage x
2.1. GPIO Features 2.2. Programmable I/O Element (IOE) Features in Intel® Agilex™ Devices 2.3. I/O Standards and Features for Intel® Agilex™ Configuration Pins 2.4. I/O Implementation Guide
2.1. GPIO Features x
2.1.1. Supported I/O Standards 2.1.2. Intel® Agilex™ I/O Buffer Behavior
2.2. Programmable I/O Element (IOE) Features in Intel® Agilex™ Devices x
2.2.1. Programmable Output Slew Rate Control 2.2.2. Programmable IOE Delay 2.2.3. Programmable Open-Drain Output 2.2.4. Programmable Bus-Hold 2.2.5. Programmable Pull-Up Resistor 2.2.6. Programmable Pre-emphasis 2.2.7. Programmable De-emphasis 2.2.8. Programmable Differential Output Voltage 2.2.9. Schmitt Trigger Input Buffer
2.4. I/O Implementation Guide x
2.4.1. Configuring I/O Assignments in Intel® Quartus® Prime Software 2.4.2. Using GPIO Intel FPGA IP for I/O Implementation
2.4.1. Configuring I/O Assignments in Intel® Quartus® Prime Software x
2.4.1.1. Configuring I/O Assignments Using Assignment Editor 2.4.1.2. Configuring I/O Standards Using Pin Planner
2.4.2. Using GPIO Intel FPGA IP for I/O Implementation x
2.4.2.1. Release Information 2.4.2.2. GPIO Intel FPGA IP Quick Start Guide 2.4.2.3. GPIO Intel® FPGA IP Architecture 2.4.2.4. Verifying Resource Utilization and Design Performance 2.4.2.5. GPIO Intel® FPGA IP Timing 2.4.2.6. GPIO Intel® FPGA IP Design Examples
2.4.2.2. GPIO Intel FPGA IP Quick Start Guide x
2.4.2.2.1. Generating the GPIO Intel FPGA IP ( Intel® Quartus® Prime Pro Edition) 2.4.2.2.2. GPIO Intel® FPGA IP Parameter Settings 2.4.2.2.3. IP Core Generation Output ( Intel® Quartus® Prime Pro Edition) 2.4.2.2.4. GPIO Intel® FPGA IP Interface Signals
2.4.2.3. GPIO Intel® FPGA IP Architecture x
2.4.2.3.1. GPIO Intel® FPGA IP Data Paths 2.4.2.3.2. Register Packing
2.4.2.5. GPIO Intel® FPGA IP Timing x
2.4.2.5.1. Timing Components 2.4.2.5.2. Delay Elements 2.4.2.5.3. Full-Rate or Half-Rate DDIO Output Register 2.4.2.5.4. Timing Analysis 2.4.2.5.5. Timing Closure Guidelines
2.4.2.6. GPIO Intel® FPGA IP Design Examples x
2.4.2.6.1. GPIO Intel FPGA IP Synthesizable Intel® Quartus® Prime Design Example 2.4.2.6.2. GPIO Intel FPGA IP Simulation Design Example
3. Intel® Agilex™ I/O Termination x
3.1. Single-Ended I/O Termination in Intel® Agilex™ Devices 3.2. True Differential Signaling I/O Termination
3.1. Single-Ended I/O Termination in Intel® Agilex™ Devices x
3.1.1. Single-Ended I/O Standard OCT Termination 3.1.2. OCT Calibration Block 3.1.3. Single-ended I/O Standards External Termination 3.1.4. Single-ended I/O Termination Implementation Guide
3.1.1. Single-Ended I/O Standard OCT Termination x
3.1.1.1. RS OCT 3.1.1.2. RT OCT 3.1.1.3. Dynamic OCT
3.1.4. Single-ended I/O Termination Implementation Guide x
3.1.4.1. Configuring OCT Using Assignment Editor 3.1.4.2. Using OCT Intel FPGA IP for I/O Termination Implementation
3.1.4.2. Using OCT Intel FPGA IP for I/O Termination Implementation x
3.1.4.2.1. Release Information 3.1.4.2.2. OCT Intel® FPGA IP Quick Start Guide 3.1.4.2.3. OCT Intel® FPGA IP Architecture 3.1.4.2.4. OCT Intel® FPGA IP Design Example
3.2. True Differential Signaling I/O Termination x
3.2.1. External I/O Termination 3.2.2. True Differential Signaling I/O Standard OCT Termination
3.2.2. True Differential Signaling I/O Standard OCT Termination x
3.2.2.1. Configuring Differential Input RD OCT Using Assignment Editor 3.2.2.2. Differential Input RD OCT Restrictions and Guidelines
4. Intel® Agilex™ High-Speed SERDES I/O Architecture x
4.1. Intel® Agilex™ High-Speed SERDES I/O Overview 4.2. Using LVDS SERDES Intel FPGA IP for High-Speed LVDS I/O Implementation 4.3. Intel® Agilex™ LVDS SERDES Transmitter 4.4. Intel® Agilex™ LVDS SERDES Receiver 4.5. Intel® Agilex™ LVDS Interface with External PLL Mode 4.6. LVDS SERDES IP Initialization and Reset 4.7. Intel® Agilex™ LVDS SERDES Source-Synchronous Timing Budget 4.8. LVDS SERDES IP Timing 4.9. LVDS SERDES IP Design Examples
4.1. Intel® Agilex™ High-Speed SERDES I/O Overview x
4.1.1. High-Speed SERDES Architecture 4.1.2. Intel® Agilex™ GPIO Banks, SERDES, and DPA Locations
4.2. Using LVDS SERDES Intel FPGA IP for High-Speed LVDS I/O Implementation x
4.2.1. Release Information 4.2.2. LVDS SERDES Intel FPGA IP Quick Start Guide
4.2.2. LVDS SERDES Intel FPGA IP Quick Start Guide x
4.2.2.1. Generating the LVDS SERDES Intel FPGA IP ( Intel® Quartus® Prime Pro Edition) 4.2.2.2. LVDS SERDES Intel® FPGA IP Parameter Settings 4.2.2.3. IP Generation Output ( Intel® Quartus® Prime Pro Edition) 4.2.2.4. LVDS SERDES IP Signals
4.2.2.2. LVDS SERDES Intel® FPGA IP Parameter Settings x
4.2.2.2.1. LVDS SERDES IP General Settings 4.2.2.2.2. LVDS SERDES IP PLL Settings 4.2.2.2.3. LVDS SERDES IP Receiver Settings 4.2.2.2.4. LVDS SERDES IP Transmitter Settings 4.2.2.2.5. LVDS SERDES IP Clock Resource Summary
4.3. Intel® Agilex™ LVDS SERDES Transmitter x
4.3.1. LVDS SERDES Transmitter Blocks 4.3.2. Serializer Bypass for DDR and SDR Operations 4.3.3. Serializer 4.3.4. Differential I/O Bit Position 4.3.5. Clocking Differential Transmitters
4.3.5. Clocking Differential Transmitters x
4.3.5.1. Setting the Transmitter Output Clock Parameters
4.4. Intel® Agilex™ LVDS SERDES Receiver x
4.4.1. LVDS SERDES Receiver Blocks 4.4.2. Clocking LVDS SERDES Receivers 4.4.3. LVDS SERDES Receiver Modes
4.4.1. LVDS SERDES Receiver Blocks x
4.4.1.1. Receiver Blocks in Intel® Agilex™ Devices
4.4.1.1. Receiver Blocks in Intel® Agilex™ Devices x
4.4.1.1.1. DPA Block 4.4.1.1.2. Synchronizer (DPA FIFO) 4.4.1.1.3. Data Realignment Block (Bit Slip) 4.4.1.1.4. Deserializer
4.4.2. Clocking LVDS SERDES Receivers x
4.4.2.1. Receiver Input Clock Parameters Setup
4.4.3. LVDS SERDES Receiver Modes x
4.4.3.1. Non-DPA Mode 4.4.3.2. DPA Mode 4.4.3.3. Soft-CDR Mode
4.5. Intel® Agilex™ LVDS Interface with External PLL Mode x
4.5.1. IOPLL IP Signal Interface with LVDS SERDES IP 4.5.2. IOPLL Parameter Values for External PLL Mode 4.5.3. Connection between IOPLL IP and LVDS SERDES IP in External PLL Mode
4.6. LVDS SERDES IP Initialization and Reset x
4.6.1. Initializing the LVDS SERDES IP in Non-DPA Mode 4.6.2. Initializing the LVDS SERDES IP in DPA Mode 4.6.3. Resetting the DPA 4.6.4. Word Boundaries Alignment
4.6.4. Word Boundaries Alignment x
4.6.4.1. Aligning Word Boundaries
4.7. Intel® Agilex™ LVDS SERDES Source-Synchronous Timing Budget x
4.7.1. Transmitter Channel-to-Channel Skew 4.7.2. Receiver Skew Margin
4.8. LVDS SERDES IP Timing x
4.8.1. I/O Timing Analysis 4.8.2. FPGA Timing Analysis 4.8.3. Timing Analysis for the External PLL Mode
4.8.1. I/O Timing Analysis x
4.8.1.1. Obtaining RSKM Report 4.8.1.2. Obtaining TCCS Report
4.9. LVDS SERDES IP Design Examples x
4.9.1. LVDS SERDES IP Synthesizable Intel® Quartus® Prime Design Examples 4.9.2. LVDS SERDES IP Simulation Design Example 4.9.3. Combined LVDS SERDES IP Transmitter and Receiver Design Example 4.9.4. LVDS SERDES IP Dynamic Phase Shift Design Example
5. I/O and LVDS SERDES Design Guidelines x
5.1. Intel® Agilex™ I/O Design Guidelines 5.2. Intel® Agilex™ LVDS SERDES Design Guidelines
5.1. Intel® Agilex™ I/O Design Guidelines x
5.1.1. VREF Sources and VREF Pins 5.1.2. I/O Standards Implementation based on VCCIO_PIO Voltages 5.1.3. OCT Calibration Block Requirement 5.1.4. Placement Requirements 5.1.5. Simultaneous Switching Noise (SSN) 5.1.6. Special Pins Requirement 5.1.7. External Memory Interface Pin Placement Requirements 5.1.8. HPS Shared I/O Requirements 5.1.9. Clocking Requirements 5.1.10. SDM Shared I/O Requirements 5.1.11. Configuration Pins 5.1.12. Unused Pins 5.1.13. Voltage Setting for Unused I/O Banks 5.1.14. Guidelines for I/O Pins in GPIO, HPS, and SDM Banks During Power Sequencing 5.1.15. Drive Strength Requirement for GPIO Input Pins 5.1.16. Maximum DC Current Restrictions 5.1.17. 1.2 V I/O Interface Voltage Level Compatibility 5.1.18. GPIO Pins for Avalon-ST Configuration Scheme 5.1.19. Maximum True Differential Signaling RX Pairs Per I/O Lane 5.1.20. I/O Simulation
5.1.20. I/O Simulation x
5.1.20.1. HSPICE* Models 5.1.20.2. Net Length Reports
5.2. Intel® Agilex™ LVDS SERDES Design Guidelines x
5.2.1. Use PLLs in Integer PLL Mode for LVDS 5.2.2. Use High-Speed Clock from PLL to Clock SERDES Only 5.2.3. Pin Placement for Differential Channels 5.2.4. SERDES Pin Pairs for Soft-CDR Mode 5.2.5. Placing LVDS Transmitters and Receivers in the Same I/O Bank
5.2.5. Placing LVDS Transmitters and Receivers in the Same I/O Bank x
5.2.5.1. Using an External PLL
1. Intel® Agilex™ General-Purpose I/O and LVDS SERDES Overview
2. Intel® Agilex™ I/O Features and Usage
3. Intel® Agilex™ I/O Termination
4. Intel® Agilex™ High-Speed SERDES I/O Architecture
5. I/O and LVDS SERDES Design Guidelines
6. Troubleshooting Guidelines
7. Documentation Related to the Intel® Agilex™ General-Purpose I/O and LVDS SERDES User Guide
8. Intel® Agilex™ General-Purpose I/O and LVDS SERDES User Guide Archives
9. Document Revision History for the Intel® Agilex™ General-Purpose I/O and LVDS SERDES User Guide

Generating the OCT Intel FPGA IP ( Intel Quartus® Prime Pro Edition)

Double-click the OCT Intel FPGA IP in the IP Catalog to launch the parameter editor. The parameter editor allows you to define a custom variation of the IP. The parameter editor generates the IP variation synthesis and optional simulation files, and adds the .ip file representing the variation to your project automatically.

Follow these steps to locate, instantiate, and customize the IP in the parameter editor:

  1. Create or open an Intel® Quartus® Prime project (.qpf) to contain the instantiated IP variation.
  2. In the IP Catalog (Tools > IP Catalog), locate and double-click the OCT Intel FPGA IP to customize.
  3. Specify a top-level name for your custom IP variation. Do not include spaces in IP variation names or paths. The parameter editor saves the IP variation settings in a file named <your_ip> .ip. Click OK. The parameter editor appears.
    Figure 37.  OCT Intel FPGA IP Parameter Editor
  4. Set the parameter values in the parameter editor and view the block diagram for the component. The Parameterization Messages tab at the bottom displays any errors in IP parameters.
  5. Click Generate HDL. The Generation dialog box appears.
  6. Specify output file generation options, and then click Generate. The synthesis and simulation files generate according to your specifications.
  7. To generate a simulation testbench, click Generate > Generate Testbench System. Specify testbench generation options, and then click Generate.
  8. To generate an HDL instantiation template that you can copy and paste into your text editor, click Generate > Show Instantiation Template.
  9. Click Finish. Click Yes if prompted to add files representing the IP variation to your project.
  10. After generating and instantiating your IP variation, make appropriate pin assignments to connect ports.

OCT Intel FPGA IP Parameter Settings

Table 42.   OCT Intel® FPGA IP Parameters
Name Value Description
Number of OCT blocks 1 to 12 Specifies the number of OCT blocks to be generated. The default value is 1.
OCT mode
  • Power-up
  • User
 Specifies whether OCT is user-controllable or not. The default value is Power-up.

IP Core Generation Output ( Intel Quartus Prime Pro Edition)

The Intel® Quartus® Prime software generates the following output file structure for individual IPs that are not part of a Platform Designer system.
Figure 38. Individual IP Generation Output ( Intel® Quartus® Prime Pro Edition)


Table 43.  Output Files of Intel® FPGA IP Generation
File Name Description
<your_ip>.ip Top-level IP variation file that contains the parameterization of an IP in your project. If the IP variation is part of a Platform Designer system, the parameter editor also generates a .qsys file.
<your_ip>.cmp The VHDL Component Declaration (.cmp) file is a text file that contains local generic and port definitions that you use in VHDL design files.
<your_ip>_generation.rpt IP or Platform Designer generation log file. Displays a summary of the messages during IP generation.
<your_ip>.qgsimc (Platform Designer systems only) Simulation caching file that compares the .qsys and .ip files with the current parameterization of the Platform Designer system and IP. This comparison determines if Platform Designer can skip regeneration of the HDL.
<your_ip>.qgsynth (Platform Designer systems only) Synthesis caching file that compares the .qsys and .ip files with the current parameterization of the Platform Designer system and IP. This comparison determines if Platform Designer can skip regeneration of the HDL.
<your_ip>.csv Contains information about the upgrade status of the IP component.
<your_ip>.bsf A symbol representation of the IP variation for use in Block Diagram Files (.bdf).
<your_ip>.spd Input file that ip-make-simscript requires to generate simulation scripts. The .spd file contains a list of files you generate for simulation, along with information about memories that you initialize.
<your_ip>.ppf The Pin Planner File (.ppf) stores the port and node assignments for IP components you create for use with the Pin Planner.
<your_ip>_bb.v Use the Verilog blackbox (_bb.v) file as an empty module declaration for use as a blackbox.
<your_ip>_inst.v or _inst.vhd HDL example instantiation template. Copy and paste the contents of this file into your HDL file to instantiate the IP variation.
<your_ip>.regmap If the IP contains register information, the Intel® Quartus® Prime software generates the .regmap file. The .regmap file describes the register map information of master and slave interfaces. This file complements the .sopcinfo file by providing more detailed register information about the system. This file enables register display views and user customizable statistics in System Console.
<your_ip>.svd

Allows HPS System Debug tools to view the register maps of peripherals that connect to HPS within a Platform Designer system.

During synthesis, the Intel® Quartus® Prime software stores the .svd files for slave interface visible to the System Console masters in the .sof file in the debug session. System Console reads this section, which Platform Designer queries for register map information. For system slaves, Platform Designer accesses the registers by name.

<your_ip>.v

<your_ip>.vhd

HDL files that instantiate each submodule or child IP for synthesis or simulation.
mentor/ Contains a msim_setup.tcl script to set up and run a ModelSim* simulation.
aldec/ Contains a Riviera-PRO* script rivierapro_setup.tcl to setup and run a simulation.

/synopsys/vcs

/synopsys/vcsmx

Contains a shell script vcs_setup.sh to set up and run a VCS* simulation.

Contains a shell script vcsmx_setup.sh and synopsys_sim.setup file to set up and run a VCS* MX simulation.

/xcelium Contains an Xcelium* Parallel simulator shell script xcelium_setup.sh and other setup files to set up and run a simulation.
/submodules Contains HDL files for the IP submodule.
<IP submodule>/ Platform Designer generates /synth and /sim sub-directories for each IP submodule directory that Platform Designer generates.

OCT Intel FPGA IP Signals

Table 44.  Input Interface SignalsIn the table, n represents the number of OCT blocks defined in the Number of OCT blocks parameter.
Signal Name Direction Width Description
rzqin[n:0] Input 1 per OCT block Input connection from RZQ pad to the OCT block. RZQ pad is connected to an external resistance. The OCT block uses impedance connected to the rzqin port as a reference to generate the calibration code.

This signal is available for power-up and user modes.

calibration_request[n:0] Input 1 per OCT block Set to 1 to request the OCT block to start calibration. Hold the signal for at least 2 ms or until ack_recal is set to 1.

This signal is only available for user mode.

ack_recal[n:0] Output 1 per OCT block When set to 1 indicates OCT block is ready for calibration. There should be no calibration activities from the core to the OCT block until this signal is asserted for every calibration request.

This signal is only available for user mode.

ser_data_n Output 1 per OCT block Transfer serial output calibration data from OCT block to I/O buffer.

QSF Assignments

Intel® Agilex™ devices support the following termination-related Intel® Quartus® Prime settings file (.qsf) assignments:

  • INPUT_TERMINATION
  • OUTPUT_TERMINATION
  • TERMINATION_CONTROL_BLOCK
  • RZQ_GROUP
Table 45.  QSF Assignments
QSF Assignment Details
INPUT_TERMINATION

OUTPUT_TERMINATION

The input/output termination assignment specifies the termination value in ohm on the pin in question.

Example: 

set_instance_assignment -name INPUT_TERMINATION <value> -to <pin name>
set_instance_assignment -name OUTPUT_TERMINATION <value> -to <pin name>

To enable the series/parallel termination ports, include these assignments, which specify the series and parallel termination values for the pins.

Make sure to connect the ser_data port from the OCT Intel® FPGA IP to the GPIO Intel® FPGA IP.

Example: 
set_instance_assignment -name INPUT_TERMINATION "PARALLEL <VALUE> OHM WITH CALIBRATION" -to <pin>
set_instance_assignment -name OUTPUT_TERMINATION "SERIES <VALUE> OHM WITH CALIBRATION" -to <pin>
TERMINATION_CONTROL_BLOCK

Directs the Fitter to make the proper connection from the desired OCT block to the specified pins. This assignment is useful when I/O buffers are not explicitly instantiated and you need to associate the pins with a specific OCT block.

Example:

set_instance_assignment -name TERMINATION_CONTROL_BLOCK <desired OCT BLK> -to <pin name>
RZQ_GROUP

The Fitter searches for the rzq pin name in the netlist. If the pin does not exist, the Fitter creates the pin name along with the OCT IP and its corresponding connections. This allows you to create a group of pins to be calibrated by an existing or non-existing OCT and the Fitter ensures the legality of the design.

Example:

set_instance_assignment -name RZQ_GROUP <rzq pin name> -to <pin name>

Termination can exist on input and output buffers, and sometimes simultaneously.

There are two methods to associate pin groups with an OCT block:

  • Use a .qsf assignment to indicate which pin (bus) is associated with which OCT block. You can use the TERMINATION_CONTROL_BLOCK assignment to associates a pin with an OCT instantiated in the RTL.
  • Instantiate the I/O buffer primitives at the top level and connect them to the appropriate OCT blocks as shown in the following figure.
    Figure 39. OCT Block Connection with I/O Buffer
Note: All I/O banks within the same bank row with the same VCCIO can share one OCT block even if that particular I/O bank has its own OCT block. You can connect any number of I/O pins that support calibrated termination to an OCT block. Ensure that you connect I/Os with compatible configuration to an OCT block. You must also ensure that the OCT block and its corresponding I/Os have the same VCCIO and series or parallel termination values. With these settings, the Fitter places the I/Os and OCT block in the same column. The Intel® Quartus® Prime software generates warning messages if there is no pin connected to the block.
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