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1. About the Video and Vision Processing Suite
2. Getting Started with the Video and Vision Processing IPs
3. Video and Vision Processing IPs Functional Description
4. Video and Vision Processing IP Interfaces
5. Video and Vision Processing IP Registers
6. Video and Vision Processing IPs Software Programming Model
7. Protocol Converter IP
8. 1D LUT IP
9. 3D LUT IP
10. Adaptive Noise Reduction IP
11. Advanced Test Pattern Generator IP
12. AXI-Stream Broadcaster IP
13. Bits per Color Sample Adapter IP
14. Black Level Correction IP
15. Black Level Statistics IP
16. Chroma Key IP
17. Chroma Resampler IP
18. Clipper IP
19. Clocked Video Input IP
20. Clocked Video to Full-Raster Converter IP
21. Clocked Video Output IP
22. Color Plane Manager IP
23. Color Space Converter IP
24. Defective Pixel Correction IP
25. Deinterlacer IP
26. Demosaic IP
27. FIR Filter IP
28. Frame Cleaner IP
29. Full-Raster to Clocked Video Converter IP
30. Full-Raster to Streaming Converter IP
31. Genlock Controller IP
32. Generic Crosspoint IP
33. Genlock Signal Router IP
34. Guard Bands IP
35. Histogram Statistics IP
36. Interlacer IP
37. Mixer IP
38. Pixels in Parallel Converter IP
39. Scaler IP
40. Stream Cleaner IP
41. Switch IP
42. Text Box IP
43. Tone Mapping Operator IP
44. Test Pattern Generator IP
45. Unsharp Mask IP
46. Video and Vision Monitor Intel FPGA IP
47. Video Frame Buffer IP
48. Video Frame Reader Intel FPGA IP
49. Video Frame Writer Intel FPGA IP
50. Video Streaming FIFO IP
51. Video Timing Generator IP
52. Vignette Correction IP
53. Warp IP
54. White Balance Correction IP
55. White Balance Statistics IP
56. Design Security
57. Document Revision History for Video and Vision Processing Suite User Guide
31.4.1. Achieving Genlock Controller Free Running (for Initialization or from Lock to Reference Clock N)
31.4.2. Locking to Reference Clock N (from Genlock Controller IP free running)
31.4.3. Setting the VCXO hold over
31.4.4. Restarting the Genlock Controller IP
31.4.5. Locking to Reference Clock N New (from Locking to Reference Clock N Old)
31.4.6. Changing to Reference Clock or VCXO Base Frequencies (switch between p50 and p59.94 video formats and vice-versa)
31.4.7. Disturbing a Reference Clock (a cable pull)
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39.3.4. Partial Frame Scaling
For large video wall applications, you may want to scale video frames using multiple scaler IPs. The output frames are split into tiles (either horizontally, vertically or horizontally and vertically), and each scaler IP processes the data for a single tile.
Typically, the goal is for the combined output image to look identical to how it looks when processed by a single scaler, without tiling. This result is not achieved automatically when using multiple scalers, and the IP requires additional information about the horizontal and vertical offset position of the scaler inside the combined image. If the scaling algorithms are not offset correctly for the chosen tiling, visible seams may appear in the combined output image. You can configure the scaler to support partial frame scaling, with separate parameters to enable tiling in the horizontal and vertical directions (Horizontal partial image scaling and Vertical partial image scaling respectively).
If you turn on partial image scaling in either the horizontal or vertical direction, you must provide additional offset information at run time via the register map. You must enable the Avalon memory-mapped control agent interface if you turn on partial scaling. The additional control values specify the fractional pixel offset for the first input pixel, an initial phase offset, and a fractional phase offset. You must also supply the resolutions of the untiled input and output images so that the IP can calculate the overall scaling ratio. For further details of the register map and how control values should be set for partial scaling, see Scaler Registers.
When using partial frames, you must calculate which portion of the overall input image is required to create the given output tile. Only send the required tile in the input image to the scaler IP. The following example demonstrates the calculation of the horizontal start index and end index of the required area within each line. The same calculations determine the vertical window, with width replaced by height. Where i s is the start index for the required tile in each input line and i e is the end index for the required tile in each input line. o s and o e are the indices of the first and last pixels of the output tile respectively in the overall, combined scaled output frame.
The indices i s and i e mark the edges of the minimum input tile required to generate the given output tile. However, to achieve a seamless join between tiles, extra overscan data is required on the edges of the tile to populate all the taps of the scaling filter. A filter with N taps has (N-1) /2 taps to the left (above for vertical) and N/2 taps to the right (below for vertical) of the center pixel in the filter. On the true left or right edge of the overall frame, you cannot fill these taps with any real data, so the IP replicates the edge pixel to populate them. However, for an output tile whose left and right edge does not sit at the edge of the overall frame, the IP must populate these taps with pixels from the input frame. The first and last indices of the input tile including overscan, i so and i eo respectively, are then defined as follows:
The horizontal dimension the scaler requires that pixel index i s is transmitted in pixel 0 within each group of pixels transmitted in parallel (as set by the Number of pixels in parallel parameter). Ensure you round the number of overscan pixels to the left of i s (nominally N-1) /2) to the nearest multiple of pixels in parallel (pip). The equation defines the final horizontal input tile left index (h_i so ) when overscan is on:
You can choose not to supply the additional overscan data if your system does not allow it or the cost is too high, but expect to see noticeable seams at the tile edges. Registers in the register map allow you to turn on and off the left and top edge overscan for horizontal and vertical scaling respectively at run time. This register merely informs the scaler whether it should expect the overscan data or not. The scaler responds automatically if it receives right or bottom edge overscan data, with no register map setting required. Controlling the overscan behavior of the scaler at runtime allows you to change the position of the tile that each scaler IP processes dynamically.