Video and Vision Processing Suite IP User Guide

ID 683329
Date 3/30/2025
Public

Visible to Intel only — GUID: lrt1698316004831

Ixiasoft

Document Table of Contents
1. About the Video and Vision Processing Suite 2. Getting Started with the Video and Vision Processing IPs 3. Video and Vision Processing IPs Functional Description 4. Video and Vision Processing IP Interfaces 5. Video and Vision Processing IP Registers 6. Video and Vision Processing IPs Software Programming Model 7. Protocol Converter IP 8. 1D LUT IP 9. 3D LUT IP 10. Adaptive Noise Reduction IP 11. Advanced Test Pattern Generator IP 12. AXI-Stream Broadcaster IP 13. Bits per Color Sample Adapter IP 14. Black Level Correction IP 15. Black Level Statistics IP 16. Chroma Key IP 17. Chroma Resampler IP 18. Clipper IP 19. Clocked Video Input IP 20. Clocked Video to Full-Raster Converter IP 21. Clocked Video Output IP 22. Color Plane Manager IP 23. Color Space Converter IP 24. Defective Pixel Correction IP 25. Deinterlacer IP 26. Demosaic IP 27. FIR Filter IP 28. Frame Cleaner IP 29. Full-Raster to Clocked Video Converter IP 30. Full-Raster to Streaming Converter IP 31. Genlock Controller IP 32. Generic Crosspoint IP 33. Genlock Signal Router IP 34. Guard Bands IP 35. Histogram Statistics IP 36. Interlacer IP 37. Mixer IP 38. Pixels in Parallel Converter IP 39. Scaler IP 40. Stream Cleaner IP 41. Switch IP 42. Text Box IP 43. Tone Mapping Operator IP 44. Test Pattern Generator IP 45. Unsharp Mask IP 46. Video and Vision Monitor Intel FPGA IP 47. Video Frame Buffer IP 48. Video Frame Reader Intel FPGA IP 49. Video Frame Writer Intel FPGA IP 50. Video Streaming FIFO IP 51. Video Timing Generator IP 52. Vignette Correction IP 53. Warp IP 54. White Balance Correction IP 55. White Balance Statistics IP 56. Design Security 57. Document Revision History for Video and Vision Processing Suite User Guide

24.3. Defective Pixel Correction IP Functional Description

The Defective Pixel Correction IP identifies defective pixels on 2x2 Bayer images and replaces them with the corrected pixel values.

The IP works on a 5x5 pixel neighborhood.

Figure 71. A Bayer Color Filter ArrayFor an 6x6 section of an image and example pixel neighborhood for green, red, and blue pixels.
Figure 72. Defective Pixel Correction IP Block Diagram

The color channel intensity sorter selects pixels closest to the center pixel and sorts them in order of their intensities. A filter calculates a corrected pixel value from the sorted group of pixels depending on the sensitivity level that you set.

The IP identifies and filters defect pixels dynamically and does not support static defect pixel correction. The sensitivity level determines the filtering strength. When you set the sensitivity level to the weakest value, the IP alters the pixel value only if its original value falls outside the value range of its 5x5 neighborhood. As the sensitivity increases, the range reduces closer to the median value. The IP passes the image unmodified if you set the Bypass bit in the CONTROL register.

You must set the color filter array phase to its correct value, which depends on the framing, rotation, and flipping options you apply to the original image that an imaging sensor captures. If you do not set the correct color filter array phase, the IP may mix color channels and produce incorrect outputs.

Information registers indicate how many pixels the IP modifies on any given frame by the IP. This information can indicate if the sensitivity setting is too high or whether the number of defective pixels is stable, or fluctuates depending on the conditions. These registers provide information about how many pixels are lower (PIX_LO_COUNTER) than the specified sensitivity setting or higher (PIX_HI_COUNTER) (refer to Defective Pixel Correction IP Registers). The IP instantiates these pair of registers for each Number of pixels in parallel. The IP shows the counter values of the instance that you select via PIP Clip Counter Selection value in the CONTROL register. You start updating the counter values by setting the Freeze Stats Request value in the CONTROL register. The IP counts the number of pixels it filters for exactly one frame. The IP sets Stats are Frozen bit of the STATUS register to indicate you may read the counter values. You should clear a previous freeze request and select the counter pair you want the IP to capture before starting a new freeze request.