Arria® 10 and Cyclone® 10 GX Avalon® Memory-Mapped (Avalon-MM) Interface for PCI Express* User Guide

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ID 683724
Date 4/13/2024
Public
Document Table of Contents
Document Table of Contents x
1. Datasheet 2. Quick Start Guide 3. Parameter Settings 4. Physical Layout 5. 64- or 128-Bit Avalon-MM Interface to the Endpoint Application Layer 6. Registers 7. Reset and Clocks 8. Interrupts for Endpoints 9. Error Handling 10. Design Implementation 11. Throughput Optimization 12. Additional Features 13. Avalon-MM Testbench and Design Example 14. Avalon-MM Testbench and Design Example for Root Port 15. Hard IP Reconfiguration 16. Debugging A. PCI Express Protocol Stack B. Transaction Layer Packet (TLP) Header Formats C. Lane Initialization and Reversal D. Arria® 10 or Cyclone® 10 GX Avalon® -MM Interface for PCIe* Solutions User Guide Archive E. Document Revision History
1. Datasheet x
1.1. Arria® 10 or Cyclone® 10 GX Avalon-MM Interface for PCIe Datasheet 1.2. Features 1.3. Release Information 1.4. Device Family Support 1.5. Configurations 1.6. Design Examples 1.7. IP Core Verification 1.8. Resource Utilization 1.9. Recommended Speed Grades 1.10. Creating a Design for PCI Express
1.7. IP Core Verification x
1.7.1. Compatibility Testing Environment
2. Quick Start Guide x
2.1. Directory Structure 2.2. Design Components for the Avalon® -MM Endpoint 2.3. Generating the Design 2.4. Simulating the Design 2.5. Compiling and Testing the Design in Hardware
3. Parameter Settings x
3.1. Parameters 3.2. Avalon-MM Settings 3.3. Base Address Register (BAR) Settings 3.4. Device Identification Registers 3.5. PCI Express and PCI Capabilities Parameters 3.6. Configuration, Debug, and Extension Options 3.7. Vendor Specific Extended Capability (VSEC) 3.8. PHY Characteristics 3.9. Example Designs
3.5. PCI Express and PCI Capabilities Parameters x
3.5.1. Device Capabilities 3.5.2. Error Reporting 3.5.3. Link Capabilities 3.5.4. MSI and MSI-X Capabilities 3.5.5. Slot Capabilities 3.5.6. Power Management
4. Physical Layout x
4.1. Hard IP Block Placement In Cyclone® 10 GX Devices 4.2. Hard IP Block Placement In Arria® 10 Devices 4.3. Channel and Pin Placement for the Gen1, Gen2, and Gen3 Data Rates 4.4. Channel Placement and fPLL and ATX PLL Usage for the Gen3 Data Rate 4.5. PCI Express Gen3 Bank Usage Restrictions
5. 64- or 128-Bit Avalon-MM Interface to the Endpoint Application Layer x
5.1. 32-Bit Non-Bursting Avalon-MM Control Register Access (CRA) Slave Signals 5.2. Bursting and Non-Bursting Avalon® -MM Module Signals 5.3. 64- or 128-Bit Bursting TX Avalon-MM Slave Signals 5.4. Clock Signals 5.5. Reset, Status, and Link Training Signals 5.6. Interrupts for Endpoints when Multiple MSI/MSI-X Support Is Enabled 5.7. Hard IP Status Signals 5.8. Physical Layer Interface Signals
5.7. Hard IP Status Signals x
5.7.1. Hard IP Reconfiguration Interface
5.8. Physical Layer Interface Signals x
5.8.1. Serial Data Signals 5.8.2. PIPE Interface Signals 5.8.3. Arria® 10 Development Kit Conduit Interface 5.8.4. Test Signals
6. Registers x
6.1. Correspondence between Configuration Space Registers and the PCIe Specification 6.2. Type 0 Configuration Space Registers 6.3. Type 1 Configuration Space Registers 6.4. PCI Express Capability Structures 6.5. Intel-Defined VSEC Registers 6.6. CvP Registers 6.7. 64- or 128-Bit Avalon-MM Bridge Register Descriptions 6.8. Programming Model for Avalon-MM Root Port 6.9. Uncorrectable Internal Error Mask Register 6.10. Uncorrectable Internal Error Status Register 6.11. Correctable Internal Error Mask Register 6.12. Correctable Internal Error Status Register
6.7. 64- or 128-Bit Avalon-MM Bridge Register Descriptions x
6.7.1. Avalon-MM to PCI Express Interrupt Registers
6.7.1. Avalon-MM to PCI Express Interrupt Registers x
6.7.1.1. Avalon-MM to PCI Express Interrupt Status Registers 6.7.1.2. Avalon-MM to PCI Express Interrupt Enable Registers 6.7.1.3. PCI Express Mailbox Registers 6.7.1.4. Avalon-MM-to-PCI Express Address Translation Table 6.7.1.5. PCI Express to Avalon-MM Interrupt Status and Enable Registers for Endpoints 6.7.1.6. Avalon-MM Mailbox Registers 6.7.1.7. Control Register Access (CRA) Avalon-MM Slave Port
6.8. Programming Model for Avalon-MM Root Port x
6.8.1. Sending a Write TLP 6.8.2. Sending a Read TLP or Receiving a Non-Posted Completion TLP 6.8.3. Examples of Reading and Writing BAR0 Using the CRA Interface 6.8.4. PCI Express to Avalon-MM Interrupt Status and Enable Registers for Root Ports 6.8.5. Root Port TLP Data Registers
7. Reset and Clocks x
7.1. Reset Sequence for Hard IP for PCI Express IP Core and Application Layer 7.2. Clocks
7.2. Clocks x
7.2.1. Clock Domains 7.2.2. Clock Summary
7.2.1. Clock Domains x
7.2.1.1. coreclkout_hip 7.2.1.2. pld_clk
8. Interrupts for Endpoints x
8.1. Enabling MSI or Legacy Interrupts 8.2. Generation of Avalon-MM Interrupts 8.3. Interrupts for Endpoints Using the Avalon-MM Interface with Multiple MSI/MSI-X Support
9. Error Handling x
9.1. Physical Layer Errors 9.2. Data Link Layer Errors 9.3. Transaction Layer Errors 9.4. Error Reporting and Data Poisoning 9.5. Uncorrectable and Correctable Error Status Bits
10. Design Implementation x
10.1. Making Pin Assignments to Assign I/O Standard to Serial Data Pins 10.2. Recommended Reset Sequence to Avoid Link Training Issues 10.3. SDC Timing Constraints
11. Throughput Optimization x
11.1. Throughput of Posted Writes 11.2. Throughput of Non-Posted Reads
12. Additional Features x
12.1. Configuration over Protocol (CvP) 12.2. Autonomous Mode 12.3. ECRC
12.2. Autonomous Mode x
12.2.1. Enabling Autonomous Mode 12.2.2. Enabling CvP Initialization
12.3. ECRC x
12.3.1. ECRC on the RX Path 12.3.2. ECRC on the TX Path
13. Avalon-MM Testbench and Design Example x
13.1. Avalon-MM Endpoint Testbench 13.2. Endpoint Design Example 13.3. Avalon-MM Test Driver Module 13.4. Root Port BFM 13.5. BFM Procedures and Functions 13.6. Setting Up Simulation
13.2. Endpoint Design Example x
13.2.1. BAR/Address Map 13.2.2. BAR Setup
13.4. Root Port BFM x
13.4.1. Root Port BFM Overview 13.4.2. Issuing Read and Write Transactions to the Application Layer 13.4.3. Configuration of Root Port and Endpoint 13.4.4. Configuration Space Bus and Device Numbering 13.4.5. BFM Memory Map
13.5. BFM Procedures and Functions x
13.5.1. ebfm_barwr Procedure 13.5.2. ebfm_barwr_imm Procedure 13.5.3. ebfm_barrd_wait Procedure 13.5.4. ebfm_barrd_nowt Procedure 13.5.5. ebfm_cfgwr_imm_wait Procedure 13.5.6. ebfm_cfgwr_imm_nowt Procedure 13.5.7. ebfm_cfgrd_wait Procedure 13.5.8. ebfm_cfgrd_nowt Procedure 13.5.9. BFM Configuration Procedures 13.5.10. BFM Shared Memory Access Procedures 13.5.11. BFM Log and Message Procedures 13.5.12. Verilog HDL Formatting Functions
13.5.9. BFM Configuration Procedures x
13.5.9.1. ebfm_cfg_rp_ep Procedure 13.5.9.2. ebfm_cfg_decode_bar Procedure
13.5.10. BFM Shared Memory Access Procedures x
13.5.10.1. Shared Memory Constants 13.5.10.2. shmem_write Task 13.5.10.3. shmem_read Function 13.5.10.4. shmem_display Verilog HDL Function 13.5.10.5. shmem_fill Procedure 13.5.10.6. shmem_chk_ok Function
13.5.11. BFM Log and Message Procedures x
13.5.11.1. ebfm_display Verilog HDL Function 13.5.11.2. ebfm_log_stop_sim Verilog HDL Function 13.5.11.3. ebfm_log_set_suppressed_msg_mask Task 13.5.11.4. ebfm_log_set_stop_on_msg_mask Verilog HDL Task 13.5.11.5. ebfm_log_open Verilog HDL Function 13.5.11.6. ebfm_log_close Verilog HDL Function
13.5.12. Verilog HDL Formatting Functions x
13.5.12.1. himage1 13.5.12.2. himage2 13.5.12.3. himage4 13.5.12.4. himage8 13.5.12.5. himage16 13.5.12.6. dimage1 13.5.12.7. dimage2 13.5.12.8. dimage3 13.5.12.9. dimage4 13.5.12.10. dimage5 13.5.12.11. dimage6 13.5.12.12. dimage7
13.6. Setting Up Simulation x
13.6.1. Using the PIPE Interface for Gen1 and Gen2 Variants 13.6.2. Viewing the Important PIPE Interface Signals 13.6.3. Disabling the Scrambler for Gen1 and Gen2 Simulations 13.6.4. Disabling 8B/10B Encoding and Decoding for Gen1 and Gen2 Simulations
14. Avalon-MM Testbench and Design Example for Root Port x
14.1. Overview of the Design Example 14.2. Overview of the Simulation Testbench
14.1. Overview of the Design Example x
14.1.1. Example Design Generation 14.1.2. Directory Structure for the Generated Design Example
14.2. Overview of the Simulation Testbench x
14.2.1. Simulating the Design Example
15. Hard IP Reconfiguration x
15.1. Reconfigurable Read-Only Registers in the Hard IP for PCI Express
16. Debugging x
16.1. Simulation Fails To Progress Beyond Polling.Active State 16.2. Hardware Bring-Up Issues 16.3. Link Training 16.4. Creating a Signal Tap Debug File to Match Your Design Hierarchy 16.5. Use Third-Party PCIe Analyzer 16.6. BIOS Enumeration Issues
A. PCI Express Protocol Stack x
A.1. Top-Level Interfaces A.2. Data Link Layer A.3. Physical Layer A.4. 32-Bit PCI Express Avalon-MM Bridge A.5. Completer Only Single Dword Endpoint
A.1. Top-Level Interfaces x
A.1.1. Avalon-MM Interface A.1.2. Clocks and Reset A.1.3. Interrupts A.1.4. PIPE
A.4. 32-Bit PCI Express Avalon-MM Bridge x
A.4.1. Avalon‑MM Bridge TLPs A.4.2. Avalon-MM-to-PCI Express Write Requests A.4.3. Avalon-MM-to-PCI Express Upstream Read Requests A.4.4. PCI Express-to-Avalon-MM Read Completions A.4.5. PCI Express-to-Avalon-MM Downstream Write Requests A.4.6. PCI Express-to-Avalon-MM Downstream Read Requests A.4.7. Avalon-MM-to-PCI Express Read Completions A.4.8. PCI Express-to-Avalon-MM Address Translation for 32-Bit Bridge A.4.9. Minimizing BAR Sizes and the PCIe Address Space A.4.10. Avalon® -MM-to-PCI Express Address Translation Algorithm for 32-Bit Addressing
A.5. Completer Only Single Dword Endpoint x
A.5.1. RX Block A.5.2. Avalon-MM RX Master Block A.5.3. TX Block A.5.4. Interrupt Handler Block A.5.5. Preliminary Support for Root Port
B. Transaction Layer Packet (TLP) Header Formats x
B.1. TLP Packet Formats without Data Payload B.2. TLP Packet Formats with Data Payload
E. Document Revision History x
E.1. Document Revision History for the Arria® 10 and Cyclone® 10 GX Avalon® Memory Mapped (Avalon-MM) Interface for PCIe* Solutions User Guide
1. Datasheet
2. Quick Start Guide
3. Parameter Settings
4. Physical Layout
5. 64- or 128-Bit Avalon-MM Interface to the Endpoint Application Layer
6. Registers
7. Reset and Clocks
8. Interrupts for Endpoints
9. Error Handling
10. Design Implementation
11. Throughput Optimization
12. Additional Features
13. Avalon-MM Testbench and Design Example
14. Avalon-MM Testbench and Design Example for Root Port
15. Hard IP Reconfiguration
16. Debugging
A. PCI Express Protocol Stack
B. Transaction Layer Packet (TLP) Header Formats
C. Lane Initialization and Reversal
D. Arria® 10 or Cyclone® 10 GX Avalon® -MM Interface for PCIe* Solutions User Guide Archive
E. Document Revision History

14.2.1. Simulating the Design Example

Below are the steps to run a simulation:
  1. Go to the testbench simulation directory.
  2. Run the simulation script for the simulator of your choice. Refer to the table below for more details.
  3. Analyze the results.
Table 81.  Steps to Run Simulation
Simulator Working Directory Instructions
ModelSim* <example_design>/pcie_example_design_tb/pcie_example_design_tb/sim/mentor/
  1. Invoke vsim
  2. do msim_setup.tcl
  3. ld_debug
  4. run -all
  5. A successful simulation ends with the following message, "Simulation passed"
VCS* <example_design>/pcie_example_design_tb/pcie_example_design_tb/sim/synopsys/vcs
  1. sh vcs_setup.sh USER_DEFINED_SIM_OPTIONS=""
  2. A successful simulation ends with the following message, "Simulation passed"
NCSim* <example_design>/pcie_example_design_tb/pcie_example_design_tb/sim/cadence
  1. sh ncsim_setup.sh USER_DEFINED_SIM_OPTIONS=""
  2. A successful simulation ends with the following message, "Simulation passed"
Xcelium* Parallel Simulator <example_design>/pcie_example_design_tb/pcie_example_design_tb/sim/xcelium
  1. sh xcelium_setup.sh USER_DEFINED_SIM_OPTIONS="" USER_DEFINED_ELAB_OPTIONS="-NOWARN\ CSINFI"
  2. A successful simulation ends with the following message, "Simulation passed"

Following is the partial transcript from a successful simulation of the Arria® 10 Avalon® -MM Root Port design example: 

INFO:             865 ns  EP Link Speed change to:               Gen1
INFO:            4205 ns  EP LTSSM State: DETECT.ACTIVE
INFO:            5309 ns  EP LTSSM State: POLLING.ACTIVE
INFO:           18173 ns  EP LTSSM State: DETECT.QUIET
INFO:           18509 ns  EP LTSSM State: DETECT.ACTIVE
INFO:           19549 ns  EP LTSSM State: POLLING.ACTIVE
INFO:           20349 ns  RP Link Speed change to:               Gen1
INFO:           20377 ns  RP Link Speed change to:               0
INFO:           20605 ns  RP Link Speed change to:               Gen1
INFO:           23965 ns  RP LTSSM State: DETECT.ACTIVE
INFO:           28765 ns  RP LTSSM State: DETECT.QUIET
INFO:           32029 ns  RP LTSSM State: DETECT.ACTIVE
INFO:           32413 ns  EP LTSSM State: DETECT.QUIET
INFO:           35693 ns  EP LTSSM State: DETECT.ACTIVE
INFO:           36765 ns  EP LTSSM State: POLLING.ACTIVE
INFO:           36797 ns  RP LTSSM State: POLLING.ACTIVE
INFO:           39901 ns  EP LTSSM State: POLLING.CONFIG
INFO:           40317 ns  RP LTSSM State: POLLING.CONFIG
INFO:           41597 ns  RP LTSSM State: CONFIG.LINKWIDTH.START
INFO:           41821 ns  EP LTSSM State: CONFIG.LINKWIDTH.START
INFO:           42237 ns  EP LTSSM State: CONFIG.LINKWIDTH.ACCEPT
INFO:           42781 ns  RP LTSSM State: CONFIG.LINKWIDTH.ACCEPT
INFO:           43165 ns  RP LTSSM State: CONFIG.LANENUM.WAIT
INFO:           43709 ns  EP LTSSM State: CONFIG.LANENUM.WAIT
INFO:           44029 ns  EP LTSSM State: CONFIG.LANENUM.ACCEPT
INFO:           44189 ns  RP LTSSM State: CONFIG.LANENUM.ACCEPT
INFO:           44573 ns  RP LTSSM State: CONFIG.COMPLETE
INFO:        Start Enumeration Process
INFO:           45117 ns  EP LTSSM State: CONFIG.COMPLETE
INFO:           46621 ns  RP LTSSM State: CONFIG.IDLE
INFO:           47389 ns  EP LTSSM State: CONFIG.IDLE
INFO:           47581 ns  EP LTSSM State: L0
INFO:           47805 ns  RP LTSSM State: L0
INFO:           75005 ns  RP LTSSM State: RECOVERY.RCVRLOCK
INFO:           75869 ns  EP LTSSM State: RECOVERY.RCVRLOCK
INFO:           76637 ns  EP LTSSM State: RECOVERY.RCVRCFG
INFO:           78045 ns  RP LTSSM State: RECOVERY.RCVRCFG
INFO:           80285 ns  RP LTSSM State: RECOVERY.SPEED
INFO:           80509 ns  EP LTSSM State: RECOVERY.SPEED
INFO:           82345 ns  RP Link Speed change to:               Gen3
INFO:           82353 ns  RP LTSSM State: RECOVERY.RCVRLOCK
INFO:           82389 ns  EP Link Speed change to:               Gen3
INFO:           82397 ns  EP LTSSM State: RECOVERY.RCVRLOCK
INFO:           82933 ns  EP LTSSM State: RECOVERY.RCVRCFG
INFO:           83769 ns  RP LTSSM State: RECOVERY.RCVRCFG
INFO:           84377 ns  RP LTSSM State: RECOVERY.IDLE
INFO:           84997 ns  EP LTSSM State: RECOVERY.IDLE
INFO:           85093 ns  EP LTSSM State: L0
INFO:           85193 ns  RP LTSSM State: L0
INFO:           82345 ns  RP Link Speed change to:               Gen3
INFO:           82353 ns  RP LTSSM State: RECOVERY.RCVRLOCK
INFO:           82389 ns  EP Link Speed change to:               Gen3
INFO:           82397 ns  EP LTSSM State: RECOVERY.RCVRLOCK
INFO:           82933 ns  EP LTSSM State: RECOVERY.RCVRCFG
INFO:           83769 ns  RP LTSSM State: RECOVERY.RCVRCFG
INFO:           84377 ns  RP LTSSM State: RECOVERY.IDLE
INFO:           84997 ns  EP LTSSM State: RECOVERY.IDLE
INFO:           85093 ns  EP LTSSM State: L0
INFO:           85193 ns  RP LTSSM State: L0
INFO:        Finish Enumeration Process
TXS interface sent 12345678, received  12345678
TXS interface sent 89abcdef, received  89abcdef
TXS interface sent 5f5f5f5f, received  5f5f5f5f
TXS interface sent c1c1c1c1, received  c1c1c1c1
Simulation pass
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