Video and Vision Processing Suite Intel® FPGA IP User Guide

ID 683329
Date 10/02/2023
Public

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Document Table of Contents
1. About the Video and Vision Processing Suite 2. Getting Started with the Video and Vision Processing IPs 3. Video and Vision Processing IPs Functional Description 4. Video and Vision Processing IP Interfaces 5. Video and Vision Processing IP Registers 6. Video and Vision Processing IPs Software Programming Model 7. Protocol Converter Intel® FPGA IP 8. 3D LUT Intel® FPGA IP 9. AXI-Stream Broadcaster Intel® FPGA IP 10. Bits per Color Sample Adapter Intel FPGA IP 11. Chroma Key Intel® FPGA IP 12. Chroma Resampler Intel® FPGA IP 13. Clipper Intel® FPGA IP 14. Clocked Video Input Intel® FPGA IP 15. Clocked Video to Full-Raster Converter Intel® FPGA IP 16. Clocked Video Output Intel® FPGA IP 17. Color Space Converter Intel® FPGA IP 18. Deinterlacer Intel® FPGA IP 19. FIR Filter Intel® FPGA IP 20. Frame Cleaner Intel® FPGA IP 21. Full-Raster to Clocked Video Converter Intel® FPGA IP 22. Full-Raster to Streaming Converter Intel® FPGA IP 23. Genlock Controller Intel® FPGA IP 24. Generic Crosspoint Intel® FPGA IP 25. Genlock Signal Router Intel® FPGA IP 26. Guard Bands Intel® FPGA IP 27. Interlacer Intel® FPGA IP 28. Mixer Intel® FPGA IP 29. Pixels in Parallel Converter Intel® FPGA IP 30. Scaler Intel® FPGA IP 31. Stream Cleaner Intel® FPGA IP 32. Switch Intel® FPGA IP 33. Tone Mapping Operator Intel® FPGA IP 34. Test Pattern Generator Intel® FPGA IP 35. Video and Vision Monitor Intel FPGA IP 36. Video Frame Buffer Intel® FPGA IP 37. Video Frame Reader Intel FPGA IP 38. Video Frame Writer Intel FPGA IP 39. Video Streaming FIFO Intel® FPGA IP 40. Video Timing Generator Intel® FPGA IP 41. Warp Intel® FPGA IP 42. Design Security 43. Document Revision History for Video and Vision Processing Suite User Guide

33.3. TMO IP Block Description

The IP accepts RGB-format video input as an Intel FPGA video streaming interface, statistically analyses image content (locally and globally), and dynamically enhances the luma range to improve overall image contrast. This IP enhances input video frame imagery into a well-lit and detailed image.
Figure 78. TMO IP High-level block diagram.

The TMO IP consists of several blocks for video processing, memory, and control. The video datapath includes a luma extractor, image statistics calculator, a soft-processor-based mapping LUT generator, CPU register interface, a contrast enhancement engine, and an image enhancer.

The luma extractor takes an RGB input frame, analyzes it, and extracts luminance. The image statistics calculator takes luma information contained in a video frame and provides a set of global and local statistic parameters regarding the contrast information on the input video frame.

The IP collects local information about the input images in different regions on a video frame, providing the necessary granularity to properly enhance contrast in areas within the video frame that need to be adjusted.

The soft-processor-based mapping LUT generator takes the data gathered from the image statistics calculator block and generates a set of mapping transfer functions. The IP temporarily stores the mapping transfer functions in LUTs to reduce resource utilization footprint.

The contrast enhancement engine applies different amounts of mapping transfer functions in different regions of a video frame, providing the necessary granularity to properly enhance contrast in areas within the frame that you need to adjust. The TMO IP does not use external video frame buffers. Consequently, the contrast enhancement process that the IP applies to the current frame uses statistical information it collects from the previous video frame.

The image enhancer takes the image statics information gathered from the input video frame and with the generated mapping transfer function, it enhances the luma range. The image enhancer calculates a set of weights that it applies to the input RGB data to generate contrast enhanced RGB output video streams.

The embedded Nios® V/g processor used as a mapping LUT generator, is packaged as part of the TMO IP, and customers do not have direct access to it. An external Avalon memory-mapped processor control interface allows you to interact and configure TMO IP, giving them access to the control registers. Because of a higher level of abstraction, a set of software APIs allow you to easily configure and interact with the IP.

You need to get the free license for the Nios V processor to compile the design in Intel Quartus Prime software.

Figure 79.  Graphical description of a tile-based histogram generationThe figure shows a graphical description of the tile-based approach, explicitly showing tiles boundaries. Tile boundaries are not visible when you operate the TMO IP. The figure shows them only to demonstrate the IP operation.