Intel® Agilex™ Configuration User Guide

ID 683673
Date 7/05/2022
Public

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3.2.5. Maximum Allowable External AS_DATA Pin Skew Delay Guidelines

You must minimize the skew on the AS_DATA and AS_CLK pins.

Skew delay includes the following elements:

  • The delay due to the differences in board traces lengths on the PCB
  • The capacitance loading of the flash device

Use the following equations to determine the skew between AS_CLK and AS_DATA:

  1. Skew(AS_CLKAS_DATA) > –AS_CLK/2 + Tdo(max) + Tsu
  2. Skew(AS_CLKAS_DATA) < AS_CLK/2 + Tdo(min) – Tho

Hence, the allowable range for skew between AS_CLK and AS_DATA is as follows:

AS_CLK/2 + Tdo(max) + Tsu < Skew(AS_CLKAS_DATA) < AS_CLK/2 + Tdo(min) – Tho

  • Tsu = Data setup time required by the quad SPI flash. Refer to your quad SPI flash datasheet.
  • Tho = Data hold time required by the quad SPI flash. Refer to your quad SPI flash datasheet.
  • Tdo = AS_DATA[3:0] output delay. Refer to the AS configuration timing specifications in the Intel® Agilex™ Device Data Sheet.
  • AS_CLK = AS_CLK clock period.

Example to Determine the Skew for 1 GB Quad SPI Flash Devices

Tsu = 1.75 ns

Tho = 2.0 ns

Tdo(max) = 0.6 ns

Tdo(min) = –0.6 ns

AS_CLK = 10 ns (100 MHz)

  1. Skew(AS_CLKAS_DATA) > –AS_CLK/2 + Tdo(max) + Tsu

    Skew(AS_CLKAS_DATA) > –10/2 + 0.6 + 1.75

    Skew(AS_CLKAS_DATA) > –2.65 ns

  2. Skew(AS_CLKAS_DATA) < AS_CLK/2 + Tdo(min) – Tho

    Skew(AS_CLKAS_DATA) < 10/2 – 0.6 – 2.0

    Skew(AS_CLKAS_DATA) < 2.4 ns

The allowable range for skew between AS_CLK and AS_DATA is –2.65 ns < Skew(AS_CLKAS_DATA) < 2.4 ns