Intel® Fortran Compiler

Developer Guide and Reference

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ID 767251
Date 4/28/2026
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Document Table of Contents
Document Table of Contents x
Developer Guide and Reference
Developer Guide and Reference x
Intel® Fortran Compiler Introduction Compiler Setup Compiler Reference Language Reference Compilation Program Structure Optimization and Programming Compatibility and Portability Notices and Disclaimers
Intel® Fortran Compiler Introduction x
Get Help and Support Related Information
Compiler Setup x
Use the Command Line Use Microsoft Visual Studio
Use the Command Line x
Specify Component Locations Invoke the Compiler Use the Command Line on Windows Run Fortran Applications from the Command Line File Extensions Use Makefiles for Compilation
Use Microsoft Visual Studio x
Use Microsoft Visual Studio* Solution Explorer Create a New Project Perform Common Tasks with Microsoft Visual Studio* Select a Version of the Intel® Fortran Compiler Use Visual Studio* IDE Automation Objects Specify Fortran File Extensions Understand Solutions, Projects, and Configurations Navigate Programmatic Components in a Fortran File Specify Path, Library, and Include Directories Set Compiler Options in the Microsoft Visual Studio* IDE Property Pages Supported Build Macros Use Manifests Use Intel® Libraries with Microsoft Visual Studio* Use Source Editor Enhancements in Microsoft Visual Studio* Create the Executable Program Convert and Copy Projects About Fortran Project Types Optimization Reports in Microsoft Visual Studio* Dialog Box Help
About Fortran Project Types x
Understand Project Types Specify Project Types with ifx Command Options Use Fortran Console Application Projects Use Fortran Standard Graphics Application Projects Use Fortran QuickWin Application Projects Use Fortran Windowing Application Projects Use Fortran Static Library Projects Use Fortran Dynamic-Link Library Projects Use the Console Create Fortran Applications That Use Windows Features
Dialog Box Help x
Options: General dialog box Options: Compilers dialog box Options: Advanced dialog box
Compiler Reference x
Compiler Limits Compiler Options Floating-Point Operations Libraries Data and I/O Mixed-Language Programming Error Handling
Compiler Options x
Alphabetical Option List General Rules for Compiler Options What Appears in the Compiler Option Descriptions Optimization Options Advanced Optimization Options Code Generation Options Offload Compilation, OpenMP*, and Parallel Processing Options Interprocedural Optimization Options Profile Guided Optimization Options Optimization Report Options Floating-Point Options Inlining Options Output, Debug, and Precompiled Header Options Preprocessor Options Component Control Options Language Options Data Options Compiler Diagnostic Options Compatibility Options Linking or Linker Options Miscellaneous Options Deprecated and Removed Compiler Options Display Option Information Alternate Compiler Options
Optimization Options x
falias, Oa fast foptimize-sibling-calls fprotect-parens, Qprotect-parens GF nolib-inline O Od Ofast Os Ot
Advanced Optimization Options x
ansi-alias, Qansi-alias coarray, Qcoarray coarray-config-file, Qcoarray-config-file coarray-num-images, Qcoarray-num-images fvec-allow-scalar-stores, Qvec-allow-scalar-stores fvec-non-loop-argument-load, Qvec-non-loop-argument-load fvec-peel-loops, Qvec-peel-loops fvec-remainder-loops, Qvec-remainder-loops fvec-with-mask, Qvec-with-mask heap-arrays mno-gather, Qgather- mno-scatter, Qscatter- pad, Qpad qmkl, Qmkl qmkl-ilp64, Qmkl-ilp64 qmkl-sycl-impl, Qmkl-sycl-impl qopt-dword-index-for-array-of-structs, Qopt-dword-index-for-array-of-structs qopt-dynamic-align, Qopt-dynamic-align qopt-for-throughput, Qopt-for-throughput qopt-matmul, Qopt-matmul qopt-mem-layout-trans, Qopt-mem-layout-trans qopt-multiple-gather-scatter-by-shuffles, Qopt-multiple-gather-scatter-by-shuffles qopt-prefetch, Qopt-prefetch qopt-prefetch-distance, Qopt-prefetch-distance qopt-prefetch-loads-only, Qopt-prefetch-loads-only qopt-streaming-stores, Qopt-streaming-stores qopt-zmm-usage, Qopt-zmm-usage qoverride-limits, Qoverride-limits reentrancy safe-cray-ptr, Qsafe-cray-ptr unroll, Qunroll vec, Qvec vec-assume-index-overflow, Qvec-assume-index-overflow vec-threshold, Qvec-threshold vecabi, Qvecabi
Code Generation Options x
arch ax, Qax fasynchronous-unwind-tables fcf-protection, Qcf-protection fexceptions fomit-frame-pointer guard m, Qm m64, Qm64 m80387 march masm mauto-arch, Qauto-arch mbranches-within-32B-boundaries, Qbranches-within-32B-boundaries momit-leaf-frame-pointer mtune, tune x, Qx xHost, QxHost
Offload Compilation, OpenMP*, and Parallel Processing Options x
device-math-lib fiopenmp, Qiopenmp flink-huge-device-code fopenmp, Qopenmp fopenmp-concurrent-host-device-compile, Qopenmp-concurrent-host-device-compile fopenmp-declare-target-scalar-defaultmap, Qopenmp-declare-target-scalar-defaultmap fopenmp-default-allocator, Qopenmp-default-allocator fopenmp-device-code-split, Qopenmp-device-code-split fopenmp-device-lib fopenmp-do-concurrent-maptype-modifier, Qopenmp-do-concurrent-maptype-modifier fopenmp-max-parallel-link-jobs, Qopenmp-max-parallel-link-jobs fopenmp-offload-mandatory, Qopenmp-offload-mandatory fopenmp-target-buffers, Qopenmp-target-buffers fopenmp-target-default-sub-group-size, Qopenmp-target-default-sub-group-size fopenmp-target-do-concurrent, Qopenmp-target-do-concurrent fopenmp-target-loopopt, Qopenmp-target-loopopt fopenmp-target-simd, Qopenmp-target-simd fopenmp-target-teams-default-vla-alloc-mode, Qopenmp-target-teams-default-vla-alloc-mode fopenmp-targets, Qopenmp-targets fsycl fsycl-dead-args-optimization fsycl-device-code-split fsycl-device-lib fsycl-instrument-device-code fsycl-targets ftarget-compile-fast ftarget-register-alloc-mode, Qtarget-register-alloc-mode nolibsycl qopenmp, Qopenmp qopenmp-link qopenmp-simd, Qopenmp-simd qopenmp-stubs, Qopenmp-stubs qopenmp-threadprivate, Qopenmp-threadprivate Xopenmp-target Xsycl-target
Interprocedural Optimization Options x
flto ipo, Qipo
Profile Guided Optimization Options x
finstrument-functions, Qinstrument-functions fprofile-ml-use
Optimization Report Options x
qopt-report, Qopt-report qopt-report-file, Qopt-report-file qopt-report-names, Qopt-report-names qopt-report-phase, Qopt-report-phase qopt-report-stdout, Qopt-report-stdout
Floating-Point Options x
ffp-accuracy, Qfp-accuracy fimf-absolute-error, Qimf-absolute-error fimf-accuracy-bits, Qimf-accuracy-bits fimf-arch-consistency, Qimf-arch-consistency fimf-domain-exclusion, Qimf-domain-exclusion fimf-max-error, Qimf-max-error fimf-precision, Qimf-precision fimf-use-svml, Qimf-use-svml fltconsistency fma, Qfma fp-model, fp fp-speculation, Qfp-speculation fpe fpe-all ftz, Qftz Ge pc, Qpc prec-div, Qprec-div recursive
Inlining Options x
finline finline-functions inline inline-forceinline, Qinline-forceinline inline-level, Ob
Output, Debug, and Precompiled Header Options x
c debug (Linux*) debug (Windows*) debug-parameters exe Fa FA fmerge-debug-strings ftrapuv, Qtrapuv fverbose-asm g gdwarf grecord-gcc-switches gsplit-dwarf list list-line-len list-page-len o object print-multi-lib S show Zi, Z7
Preprocessor Options x
B D d-lines, Qd-lines E EP fpp fpp-name gen-dep gen-depformat gen-depshow I idirafter isystem module preprocess-only u (Windows*) U undef X
Component Control Options x
Qinstall Qlocation Qoption
Language Options x
allow altparam assume ccdefault check extend-source fixed free fsanitize iface names pad-source, Qpad-source stand standard-realloc-lhs standard-semantics syntax-only wrap-margin
Data Options x
align auto auto-scalar, Qauto-scalar convert double-size dyncom, Qdyncom falign-functions, Qfnalign fmaintain-32-byte-stack-align, Qmaintain-32-byte-stack-align fmath-errno fpconstant fpic fpie fstack-protector fstack-security-check fstrict-overflow, Qstrict-overflow fvisibility fzero-initialized-in-bss, Qzero-initialized-in-bss Gs GS init, Qinit intconstant integer-size mcmodel real-size save, Qsave zero, Qzero
Compiler Diagnostic Options x
diag, Qdiag diag-dump, Qdiag-dump diag-error-limit, Qdiag-error-limit diag-file, Qdiag-file diag-file-append, Qdiag-file-append gen-interfaces traceback warn WB
Compatibility Options x
f66 f77rtl fpscomp gcc-name gxx-name vms
Linking or Linker Options x
4Nportlib, 4Yportlib Bdynamic Bstatic Bsymbolic Bsymbolic-functions cxxlib dbglibs dll dynamic-linker extlnk F (Windows*) fortlib fuse-ld l L libs link map MD MT nodefaultlibs nofor-main no-intel-lib, Qno-intel-lib nostartfiles nostdlib pie pthread shared shared-intel shared-libgcc static static-intel static-libgcc static-libstdc++ T threads v Wa winapp Wl Wp Xlinker
Miscellaneous Options x
dryrun dumpmachine extfor extfpp fpreview-breaking-changes global-hoist, Qglobal-hoist help intel-freestanding intel-freestanding-target-os libdir logo multiple-processes, MP save-temps, Qsave-temps sysroot Tf watch what
Floating-Point Operations x
Floating-Point Optimizations Subnormal Numbers Floating-Point Environment Set the FTZ and DAZ Flags Tuning Performance
Libraries x
Create Libraries Call Library Routines Comparison of Intel® Fortran Compiler and Windows API Routines Specify Consistent Library Types on Windows Redistribute Libraries When Deploying Applications Resolve References to Shared Libraries Redistributable Library Considerations Store Object Code in Static Libraries Store Routines in Shareable Libraries Use Windows API Routines Math Libraries
Use Windows API Routines x
Include the Intel® Fortran Interface Definitions for Windows API Routines Call Windows API Routines Supplied Windows API Modules
Data and I/O x
Data Representation Fortran I/O
Data Representation x
Integer Data Representations Logical Data Representations Character Representation Hollerith Representation
Integer Data Representations x
INTEGER(KIND=1) Representation INTEGER(KIND=2) Representation INTEGER(KIND=4) Representation INTEGER(KIND=8) Representation
Fortran I/O x
Logical Devices Physical Devices on Windows Types of I/O Statements Forms of I/O Statements Assign Files to Logical Units File Organization Internal Files and Scratch Files File Access and File Structure File Records Record Types Record Length Record Access Record Transfer Specify Default Pathnames and File Names Open Files: OPEN Statement Obtain File Information: INQUIRE Statement Close Files: CLOSE Statement Record I/O Statement Specifiers File Sharing on Linux Specify the Initial Record Position Advancing and Nonadvancing Record I/O Use USEROPEN to Pass Control To a Routine Microsoft Fortran PowerStation Compatible Files Use Asynchronous I/O
Mixed-Language Programming x
Standard Fortran and C Interoperability Use Standard Fortran Interoperability Syntax for Existing Fortran Extensions Standard Tools for Interoperability Platform Specifics Implementation Specifics Legacy Extensions
Standard Tools for Interoperability x
ISO_C_BINDING BIND(C) Interoperate with Arguments Using C Descriptors C Structures, Typedefs, and Macros for Interoperability Data Types Variables Global Data Procedures
Data Types x
Scalar Types Characters Pointers Derived Types
Platform Specifics x
Mixed-Language Issues Call Subprograms from the Main Program on Windows Pass Arguments in Mixed-Language Programming Stack Considerations in Calling Conventions on Windows Naming Conventions C/C++ Naming Conventions Compile and Link Intel® Fortran and C/C++ Programs Build Intel® Fortran and C Mixed-Language Programs on Windows
Implementation Specifics x
Fortran Module Naming Conventions Handle Fortran Array Pointers and Allocatable Arrays Handle Fortran Array Descriptors Return Character Data Types
Legacy Extensions x
ATTRIBUTES Directive Properties ALIAS Property for ATTRIBUTES Directive Use the -nofor-main Compiler Option
Error Handling x
Build Process Errors Runtime Errors
Runtime Errors x
Understand Runtime Errors Runtime Default Error Processing Runtime Message Display and Format Values Returned at Program Termination Methods of Handling Errors Locate Runtime Errors List of Runtime Error Messages Signal Handling on Linux* Override the Default Runtime Library Exception Handler Advanced Exception and Termination Handling
Advanced Exception and Termination Handling x
Default Exception Handling Default Console Event Handling Default Termination Handling Handlers for the Application Types Provide Your Own Exception or Termination Handler Use Windows* Structured Exception Handling Establish Console Event Handlers Use SIGNALQQ
Language Reference x
New Features Language Reference Conventions Program Elements and Source Forms Data Types, Constants, and Variables Expressions and Assignment Statements Specification Statements Dynamic Allocation Execution Control Program Units and Procedures Intrinsic Procedures Data Transfer I/O Statements I/O Formatting File Operation I/O Statements Compilation Control Lines and Statements Directive Enhanced Compilation Scope and Association Deleted and Obsolescent Language Features Additional Language Features Additional Character Sets Data Representation Models Library Modules and Runtime Library Routines Summary of Language Extensions A to Z Reference Glossary
Program Elements and Source Forms x
Program Units Statements Keywords Names Character Sets Source Forms
Source Forms x
Free Source Form Fixed and Tab Source Forms Source Code Useable for All Source Forms
Fixed and Tab Source Forms x
Fixed-Format Lines Tab-Format Lines
Data Types, Constants, and Variables x
Intrinsic Data Types Derived Data Types Binary, Octal, Hexadecimal, and Hollerith Constants Enumerations and Enumerators Variables
Intrinsic Data Types x
Integer Data Types Real Data Types Complex Data Types Logical Data Types Character Data Type
Integer Data Types x
Integer Constants
Real Data Types x
General Rules for Real Constants REAL(4) Constants REAL(8) or DOUBLE PRECISION Constants REAL(16) Constants
Complex Data Types x
General Rules for Complex Constants COMPLEX(4) Constants COMPLEX(8) or DOUBLE COMPLEX Constants COMPLEX(16) Constants
Logical Data Types x
Logical Constants
Character Data Type x
Character Constants C Strings in Character Constants Character Substrings
Derived Data Types x
Default Initialization Procedure Pointers as Derived-Type Components Type-Bound Procedures Type Extension Parameterized Derived-Type Declarations Structure Components Structure Constructors
Parameterized Derived-Type Declarations x
Parameterized TYPE Statements
Parameterized TYPE Statements x
Structure Constructors for Parameterized Derived Types Type Parameter Order for Parameterized Derived Types Deferred-Length Type Parameters for Parameterized Derived Types Assumed-Length Type Parameters for Parameterized Derived Types
Binary, Octal, Hexadecimal, and Hollerith Constants x
Binary Constants Octal Constants Hexadecimal Constants Hollerith Constants Determine the Data Type of Nondecimal Constants
Variables x
Data Types of Scalar Variables Arrays Coarrays Variable-Definition Context
Data Types of Scalar Variables x
Specification of Data Type Implicit Typing Rules
Arrays x
Whole Arrays Array Elements Array Sections Array Constructors
Array Sections x
Subscript Triplets Vector Subscripts
Coarrays x
Image Selectors Established Coarrays Deferred-Coshape Coarrays Explicit-Coshape Coarrays Reference Coarray Images Specify Data Objects for Coarray Images
Expressions and Assignment Statements x
Expressions Assignments
Expressions x
Character Expressions Conditional Expressions Constant and Specification Expressions Defined Operations Logical Expressions Numeric Expressions Relational Expressions Summary of Operator Precedence
Constant and Specification Expressions x
Constant Expressions Specification Expressions
Numeric Expressions x
Parentheses in Numeric Expressions Data Type of Numeric Expressions
Assignments x
Intrinsic Assignment Statements Defined Assignment Statements Pointer Assignments Procedure Pointer Assignments
Intrinsic Assignment Statements x
Numeric Assignment Statements Logical Assignment Statements Character Assignment Statements Derived-Type Assignment Statements Array Assignment Statements Examples of Intrinsic Assignment to Polymorphic Variables
Specification Statements x
Type Declarations Effects of Equivalency and Interaction with COMMON Statements
Type Declarations x
Declarations for Noncharacter Types Declarations for Character Types Declarations for Derived Types Declarations for Other Nonintrinsic Types Declarations for Arrays
Declarations for Arrays x
Explicit-Shape Specifications Assumed-Shape Specifications Assumed-Size Specifications Assumed-Rank Specifications Deferred-Shape Specifications Implied-Shape Specifications
Effects of Equivalency and Interaction with COMMON Statements x
Make Arrays Equivalent Make Substrings Equivalent EQUIVALENCE and COMMON Interaction
Dynamic Allocation x
Effects of Allocation Effects of Deallocation
Effects of Allocation x
Allocation of Allocatable Variables Allocation of Allocatable Arrays Allocation of Pointer Targets
Effects of Deallocation x
Deallocation of Allocatable Variables Deallocation of Allocatable Arrays Deallocation of Pointer Targets
Execution Control x
Program Termination Branch Statements Overview Effects of DO Constructs Image Control Statements
Effects of DO Constructs x
Iteration Loop Control Nested DO Constructs Extended Range
Image Control Statements x
STAT= and ERRMSG= Specifiers in Image Control Statements Execution Segments for Images
Program Units and Procedures x
Main Program Procedure Characteristics Modules and Module Procedures Intrinsic Modules Block Data Program Units Overview Functions, Subroutines, and Statement Functions External Procedures Internal Procedures Argument Association in Procedures Procedure Interfaces Interoperability of Procedures and Procedure Interfaces Procedure Pointers Instance of a Procedure
Modules and Module Procedures x
Separate Module Procedures
Intrinsic Modules x
ISO_C_BINDING Module ISO_FORTRAN_ENV Module IEEE Intrinsic Modules and Procedures
ISO_C_BINDING Module x
Named Constants in the ISO_C_BINDING Module Intrinsic Module Procedures - ISO_C_BINDING
ISO_FORTRAN_ENV Module x
Named Constants in the ISO_FORTRAN_ENV Module Derived Types in the ISO_FORTRAN_ENV Module Intrinsic Module Procedures - ISO_FORTRAN_ENV
IEEE Intrinsic Modules and Procedures x
IEEE_ARITHMETIC Intrinsic Module IEEE_EXCEPTIONS Intrinsic Module IEEE_FEATURES Intrinsic Module IEEE Intrinsic Modules Quick Reference Tables
Functions, Subroutines, and Statement Functions x
General Rules for Function and Subroutine Subprograms Functions Overview Subroutines Overview Statement Functions Overview Entry Points in Subprograms
General Rules for Function and Subroutine Subprograms x
Recursive Procedures Pure Procedures Impure Procedures Elemental Procedures
Functions Overview x
RESULT Keyword Overview Function References
Entry Points in Subprograms x
Entry Points in Function Subprograms Entry Points in Subroutine Subprograms
Argument Association in Procedures x
Optional Arguments Array Arguments Pointer Arguments Passed-Object Dummy Arguments Assumed-Length Character Arguments Character Constant and Hollerith Arguments Alternate Return Arguments Dummy Procedure Arguments Coarray Dummy Arguments References to Generic Procedures References to Non-Fortran Procedures
References to Generic Procedures x
References to Generic Intrinsic Functions References to Elemental Intrinsic Procedures
Procedure Interfaces x
Procedures that Require Explicit Interfaces Explicit and Abstract Interfaces Define Generic Names for Procedures Define Generic Operators Define Generic Assignment
Intrinsic Procedures x
Argument Keywords in Intrinsic Procedures Overview of Atomic Subroutines Overview of Collective Subroutines Overview of Bit Functions Categories and Lists of Intrinsic Procedures
Categories and Lists of Intrinsic Procedures x
Categories of Intrinsic Functions Intrinsic Subroutines
Data Transfer I/O Statements x
Records and Files Components of Data Transfer Statements Forms for READ Statements Forms for WRITE Statements User-Defined Derived-Type I/O
Components of Data Transfer Statements x
I/O Control List I/O Lists
I/O Control List x
Advance Specifier (ADVANCE=) Asynchronous Specifier (ASYNCHRONOUS=) Blank Specifier (BLANK=) Branch Specifiers (END=, EOR=, ERR=) Character Count Specifier (SIZE=) Decimal Specifier (DECIMAL=) Delimiter Specifier (DELIM=) Format Specifier (FMT=) Identification Specifier (ID=) I/O Message Specifier (IOMSG=) I/O Status Specifier (IOSTAT=) Leading Zero Specifier (LEADING_ZERO=) Namelist Specifier (NML=) Padding Specifier (PAD=) Position Specifier (POS=) Record Specifier (REC=) Rounding Specifier (ROUND=) Sign Specifier (SIGN=) Unit Specifier (UNIT=)
I/O Lists x
Simple List Items in I/O Lists Implied-DO Lists in I/O Lists
Forms for READ Statements x
Forms for Sequential READ Statements Forms for Direct-Access READ Statements Forms for Stream READ Statements Forms and Rules for Internal READ Statements
Forms for Sequential READ Statements x
Rules for Formatted Sequential READ Statements Rules for List-Directed Sequential READ Statements Rules for Namelist Sequential READ Statements Rules for Unformatted Sequential READ Statements
Forms for Direct-Access READ Statements x
Rules for Formatted Direct-Access READ Statements Rules for Unformatted Direct-Access READ Statements
Forms for WRITE Statements x
Forms for Sequential WRITE Statements Forms for Direct-Access WRITE Statements Forms for Stream WRITE Statements Forms and Rules for Internal WRITE Statements
Forms for Sequential WRITE Statements x
Rules for Formatted Sequential WRITE Statements Rules for List-Directed Sequential WRITE Statements Rules for Namelist Sequential WRITE Statements Rules for Unformatted Sequential WRITE Statements
Forms for Direct-Access WRITE Statements x
Rules for Formatted Direct-Access WRITE Statements Rules for Unformatted Direct-Access WRITE Statements
User-Defined Derived-Type I/O x
Specify the User-Defined Derived Type Examples of User-Defined Derived-Type I/O
Specify the User-Defined Derived Type x
DT Edit Descriptor in User-Defined I/O Associate a Procedure with Defined I/O Characteristics of Defined I/O Procedures Defined I/O Data Transfers Distinguish Between Defined I/O Procedure References Recursive Defined I/O
Associate a Procedure with Defined I/O x
Defined I/O Procedures Generic Bindings Generic Interface Block
I/O Formatting x
Character String Edit Descriptors Control Edit Descriptors Data Edit Descriptors Format Specifications Interaction Between Format Specifications and I/O Lists Nested and Group Repeat Specifications Print Formatted Records Variable Format Expressions
Character String Edit Descriptors x
Character Constant Editing H Editing
Control Edit Descriptors x
Blank Editing Character Count Editing (Q) Colon Editing (:) Decimal Editing Dollar-Sign ($) and Backslash ( \ ) Editing Forms for Control Edit Descriptors Leading Zero Editing Positional Editing Round Editing Scale-Factor Editing (P) Sign Editing Slash Editing ( / )
Blank Editing x
BN Editing BZ Editing
Decimal Editing x
DC Editing DP Editing
Leading Zero Editing x
LZ Editing LZP Editing LZS Editing
Positional Editing x
T Editing TL Editing TR Editing X Editing
Round Editing x
RU Editing RD Editing RZ Editing RN Editing RC Editing RP Editing
Sign Editing x
SP Editing SS Editing S Editing
Data Edit Descriptors x
Forms for Data Edit Descriptors General Rules for Numeric Editing Integer Editing Real and Complex Editing Logical Editing (L) Character Editing (A and AT) Defined I/O Editing (DT) Default Widths for Data Edit Descriptors Terminating Short Fields of Input Data
Integer Editing x
I Editing B Editing O Editing Z Editing
Real and Complex Editing x
F Editing E and D Editing EN Editing ES Editing EX Editing G Editing Complex Editing
File Operation I/O Statements x
INQUIRE Statement Specifiers OPEN Statement Specifiers
INQUIRE Statement Specifiers x
INQUIRE: ACCESS Specifier INQUIRE: ACTION Specifier INQUIRE: ASYNCHRONOUS Specifier INQUIRE: BINARY Specifier INQUIRE: BLANK Specifier INQUIRE: BLOCKSIZE Specifier INQUIRE: BUFFERED Specifier INQUIRE: CARRIAGECONTROL Specifier INQUIRE: CONVERT Specifier INQUIRE: DECIMAL Specifier INQUIRE: DELIM Specifier INQUIRE: DIRECT Specifier INQUIRE: ENCODING Specifier INQUIRE: EXIST Specifier INQUIRE: FORM Specifier INQUIRE: FORMATTED Specifier INQUIRE: ID Specifier INQUIRE: IOFOCUS Specifier INQUIRE: IOLENGTH Specifier INQUIRE: IOMSG Specifier INQUIRE: IOSTAT Specifier INQUIRE: LEADING_ZERO Specifier INQUIRE: MODE Specifier INQUIRE: NAME Specifier INQUIRE: NAMED Specifier INQUIRE: NEXTREC Specifier INQUIRE: NUMBER Specifier INQUIRE: OPENED Specifier INQUIRE: ORGANIZATION Specifier INQUIRE: PAD Specifier INQUIRE: PENDING Specifier INQUIRE: POS Specifier INQUIRE: POSITION Specifier INQUIRE: READ Specifier INQUIRE: READWRITE Specifier INQUIRE: RECL Specifier INQUIRE: RECORDTYPE Specifier INQUIRE: ROUND Specifier INQUIRE: SEQUENTIAL Specifier INQUIRE: SHARE Specifier INQUIRE: SIGN Specifier INQUIRE: SIZE Specifier INQUIRE: STREAM Specifier INQUIRE: UNFORMATTED Specifier INQUIRE: WRITE Specifier
OPEN Statement Specifiers x
OPEN: ACCESS Specifier OPEN: ACTION Specifier OPEN: ASSOCIATEVARIABLE Specifier OPEN: ASYNCHRONOUS Specifier OPEN: BLANK Specifier OPEN: BLOCKSIZE Specifier OPEN: BUFFERCOUNT Specifier OPEN: BUFFERED Specifier OPEN: CARRIAGECONTROL Specifier OPEN: CONVERT Specifier OPEN: DECIMAL Specifier OPEN: DEFAULTFILE Specifier OPEN: DELIM Specifier OPEN: DISPOSE Specifier OPEN: ENCODING Specifier OPEN: FILE Specifier OPEN: FORM Specifier OPEN: IOFOCUS Specifier OPEN: MAXREC Specifier OPEN: MODE Specifier OPEN: NAME Specifier OPEN: NEWUNIT Specifier OPEN: NOSHARED Specifier OPEN: ORGANIZATION Specifier OPEN: PAD Specifier OPEN: POSITION Specifier OPEN: READONLY Specifier OPEN: RECL Specifier OPEN: RECORDSIZE Specifier OPEN: RECORDTYPE Specifier OPEN: ROUND Specifier OPEN: SHARE Specifier OPEN: SHARED Specifier OPEN: SIGN Specifier OPEN: STATUS Specifier OPEN: TITLE Specifier OPEN: TYPE Specifier OPEN: USEROPEN Specifier OPEN: LEADING_ZERO Specifier
Directive Enhanced Compilation x
Syntax Rules for Compiler Directives General Compiler Directives OpenMP* Fortran Compiler Directives Equivalent Compiler Options
General Compiler Directives x
Rules for Placement of Directives Rules for General Directives that Affect DO Loops Rules for Loop Directives that Affect Array Assignment Statements
OpenMP* Fortran Compiler Directives x
Categories for OpenMP* Fortran Directives Clauses Used in Multiple OpenMP* Fortran Directives Conditional Compilation Rules Rules for Nesting and Binding
Scope and Association x
Scope Unambiguous Generic Procedure References Resolve Procedure References Association
Resolve Procedure References x
References to Generic Names References to Specific Names References to Non-Established Names
Association x
Name Association Pointer Association Storage Association Inheritance Association
Name Association x
Argument Association Use and Host Association Linkage Association Construct Association
Use and Host Association x
Use Association Host Association
Construct Association x
Additional Attributes of Associate Names
Storage Association x
Storage Units and Storage Sequence Array Association
Deleted and Obsolescent Language Features x
Deleted Language Features in the Fortran Standard Obsolescent Language Features in the Fortran Standard
Additional Language Features x
FORTRAN 66 Interpretation of the EXTERNAL Statement Alternative Syntax for the PARAMETER Statement Alternative Syntax for Binary, Octal, and Hexadecimal Constants Alternative Syntax for a Record Specifier Alternative Syntax for the DELETE Statement Alternative Form for Namelist External Records Record Structures
Record Structures x
Structure Declarations References to Record Fields Aggregate Assignment
Structure Declarations x
Type Declarations within Record Structures Substructure Declarations
Additional Character Sets x
Character and Key Code Charts for Windows* ASCII Character Set for Linux*
Character and Key Code Charts for Windows* x
ASCII Character Codes for Windows* ANSI Character Codes for Windows* Key Codes for Windows*
ASCII Character Codes for Windows* x
ASCII Character Codes Chart 1 (Windows) ASCII Character Codes Chart 2: IBM* Character Set (Windows)
ANSI Character Codes for Windows* x
ANSI Character Codes Chart (Windows)
Key Codes for Windows* x
Key Codes Chart 1 (Windows) Key Codes Chart 2 (Windows)
Data Representation Models x
Model for Integer Data Model for Real Data Model for Bit Data
Model for Bit Data x
Bit Sequence Comparisons
Library Modules and Runtime Library Routines x
Runtime Library Routines
Runtime Library Routines x
NLS and MCBS Routines on Windows Standard Fortran Routines that Handle MBCS Characters on Windows Portability Routines Serial Port I/O Routines on Windows
Summary of Language Extensions x
Language Extensions: Source Forms Language Extensions: Names Language Extensions: Character Sets Language Extensions: Intrinsic Data Types Language Extensions: Constants Language Extensions: Expressions and Assignment Language Extensions: Specification Statements Language Extensions: Execution Control Language Extensions: Compilation Control Lines and Statements Language Extensions: Built-In Functions Language Extensions: I/O Statements Language Extensions: I/O Formatting Language Extensions: File Operation Statements Language Extensions: Compiler Directives Language Extensions: Intrinsic Procedures Language Extensions: Additional Language Features Language Extensions: Runtime Library Routines
A to Z Reference x
Language Summary Tables A to B C to D E to F G H to I J to L M to N O to P Q to R S T to Z POSIX* Library Routines Automation Server and Component Object Model Library Routines National Language Support Library Routines QuickWin Library Routines Graphics Library Routines Serial Port I/O Library Routines Dialog Library Routines
Language Summary Tables x
Statements for Program Unit Calls and Definitions Statements Affecting Variables Statements and Intrinsic Functions for Input and Output Compiler Directives Program Control Statements Inquiry Intrinsic Functions Random Number Intrinsic Procedures Atomic Intrinsic Subroutines Collective Intrinsic Subroutines Date and Time Intrinsic Subroutines Keyboard and Speaker Library Routines Statements and Intrinsic Procedures for Memory Allocation and Deallocation Intrinsic Functions for Arrays and Coarrays Intrinsic Functions for Numeric and Type Conversion Trigonometric, Bessel, Exponential, Root, and Logarithmic Intrinsic Procedures Intrinsic Functions for Floating-Point Inquiry and Control Character Intrinsic Functions Intrinsic Procedures for Bit Operation and Representation QuickWin Library Routines Summary Graphics Library Routines Summary Portability Library Routines National Language Support Library Routines Summary POSIX* Library Procedures Summary Dialog Library Routines Summary COM and Automation Library Routines Miscellaneous Runtime Library Routines
A to B x
ABORT ABS ABSTRACT INTERFACE ACCEPT ACCESS Function ACHAR ACOS ACOSD ACOSH ACOSPI ADJUSTL ADJUSTR AIMAG AINT ALARM ALIAS Directive ALIGNED Clause ALL ALLOCATABLE ALLOCATE Clause ALLOCATE Directive ALLOCATE Statement ALLOCATED ALLOCATORS AND ANINT ANY ASIN ASIND ASINH ASINPI ASSIGN - Label Assignment Assignment(=) - Defined Assignment Assignment - Intrinsic Computational ASSOCIATE ASSOCIATED ASSUME ASSUME_ALIGNED ASSUMES Directive for OpenMP ASSUMPTION Clause ASYNCHRONOUS ATAN ATAN2 ATAN2D ATAN2PI ATAND ATANH ATANPI ATOMIC ATOMIC_ADD ATOMIC_AND ATOMIC_CAS ATOMIC_DEFINE ATOMIC_FETCH_ADD ATOMIC_FETCH_AND ATOMIC_FETCH_OR ATOMIC_FETCH_XOR ATOMIC_OR ATOMIC_REF ATOMIC_XOR ATTRIBUTES AUTOMATIC BACKSPACE BADDRESS BARRIER BEEPQQ BESJ0, BESJ1, BESJN, BESY0, BESY1, BESYN BESSEL_J0 BESSEL_J1 BESSEL_JN BESSEL_Y0 BESSEL_Y1 BESSEL_YN BGE BGT BIC, BIS BIND BIT BIT_SIZE BLE BLOCK BLOCK DATA BLOCK_LOOP and NOBLOCK_LOOP BLT BSEARCHQQ BTEST BYTE
ATTRIBUTES x
ATTRIBUTES ALIAS ATTRIBUTES ALIGN ATTRIBUTES ALLOCATABLE ATTRIBUTES ALLOW_NULL ATTRIBUTES C and STDCALL ATTRIBUTES CODE_ALIGN ATTRIBUTES CONCURRENCY_SAFE ATTRIBUTES CVF ATTRIBUTES DECORATE ATTRIBUTES DEFAULT ATTRIBUTES DLLEXPORT and DLLIMPORT ATTRIBUTES EXTERN ATTRIBUTES INLINE, NOINLINE, and FORCEINLINE ATTRIBUTES IGNORE_LOC ATTRIBUTES MIXED_STR_LEN_ARG and NOMIXED_STR_LEN_ARG ATTRIBUTES NO_ARG_CHECK ATTRIBUTES NOCLONE ATTRIBUTES REFERENCE and VALUE ATTRIBUTES VARYING ATTRIBUTES VECTOR
C to D x
C_ASSOCIATED C_F_POINTER C_F_PROCPOINTER C_F_STRPOINTER C_FUNLOC C_LOC C_SIZEOF CACHESIZE CALL CANCEL CANCELLATION POINT CASE CDFLOAT CEILING CFI_address CFI_allocate CFI_deallocate CFI_establish CFI_is_contiguous CFI_section CFI_select_part CFI_setpointer CHANGEDIRQQ CHANGEDRIVEQQ CHANGE TEAM and END TEAM CHAR CHARACTER CHDIR CHMOD CLASS CLEARSTATUSFPQQ CLOCK CLOCKX CLOSE CMPLX CO_BROADCAST CO_MAX CO_MIN CO_REDUCE CO_SUM CODE_ALIGN CODIMENSION COLLAPSE Clause COMMAND_ARGUMENT_COUNT COMMITQQ COMMON COMPILER_OPTIONS COMPILER_VERSION COMPLEX Statement COMPLINT, COMPLREAL, COMPLLOG CONJG CONTAINS CONTIGUOUS CONTINUE COPYIN Clause COPYPRIVATE Clause COS COSD COSH COSHAPE COSPI COTAN COTAND COTANPI COUNT CPU_TIME CRITICAL Directive CRITICAL Statement CSHIFT CSMG CTIME CYCLE DATA DATE Intrinsic Procedure DATE Portability Routine DATE4 DATE_AND_TIME DBESJ0, DBESJ1, DBESJN, DBESY0, DBESY1, DBESYN DBLE DCLOCK DCMPLX DEALLOCATE DECLARE and NODECLARE DECLARE MAPPER DECLARE REDUCTION DECLARE SIMD DECLARE TARGET DECLARE VARIANT DECODE DEFAULT Clause DEFINE and UNDEFINE DEFINE FILE DELDIRQQ DELETE DELFILESQQ DEPEND Clause DEPOBJ DEVICE Clause DEVICE_TYPE Clause DFLOAT DFLOATI, DFLOATJ, DFLOATK DIGITS DIM DIMENSION DISPATCH DISTRIBUTE DISTRIBUTE PARALLEL DO DISTRIBUTE PARALLEL DO SIMD DISTRIBUTE POINT DISTRIBUTE SIMD DNUM DO Directive DO Statement DO CONCURRENT DO SIMD DO WHILE DOT_PRODUCT DOUBLE COMPLEX DOUBLE PRECISION DPROD DRAND, DRANDM DRANSET DREAL DSHIFTL DSHIFTR DTIME
E to F x
ELEMENTAL ELSE Directive ELSE Statement ELSEIF Directive ELSE IF ELSE WHERE ENCODE END END DO ENDIF Directive END IF ENDFILE END FORALL END INTERFACE END TYPE END WHERE ENTRY EOF EOSHIFT EPSILON EQUIVALENCE ERF ERFC ERFC_SCALED ERROR Directive for OpenMP ERRSNS ESTABLISHQQ ETIME EVENT POST and EVENT WAIT EVENT_QUERY EXECUTE_COMMAND_LINE EXIT Statement EXIT Subroutine EXP EXP10 EXPONENT EXTENDS_TYPE_OF EXTERNAL F_C_STRING FAIL IMAGE FAILED_IMAGES FDATE FGETC FINAL Clause FINAL Statement FIND FINDLOC FINDFILEQQ FIRSTPRIVATE FIXEDFORMLINESIZE FLOAT FLOOR FLUSH Directive FLUSH Statement FLUSH Subroutine FMA and NOFMA FOR_DESCRIPTOR_ASSIGN FOR_GET_FPE FOR_IFCORE_VERSION FOR_IFPORT_VERSION FOR_LFENCE FOR_MFENCE for_rtl_finish_ for_rtl_init_ FOR_SET_FPE FOR_SET_FTN_ALLOC FOR_SET_REENTRANCY FOR_SFENCE FORALL FORMAT FORM TEAM FP_CLASS FPUTC FRACTION FREE FREEFORM and NOFREEFORM FSEEK FSTAT FTELL, FTELLI8 FULLPATHQQ FUNCTION
G x
GAMMA GENERIC GERROR GETARG GETC GETCHARQQ GET_COMMAND GET_COMMAND_ARGUMENT GETCONTROLFPQQ GETCWD GETDAT GETDRIVEDIRQQ GETDRIVESIZEQQ GETDRIVESQQ GETENV GET_ENVIRONMENT_VARIABLE GETENVQQ GETEXCEPTIONPTRSQQ GETFILEINFOQQ GETGID GETLASTERROR GETLASTERRORQQ GETLOG GETPID GETPOS, GETPOSI8 GETSTATUSFPQQ GETSTRQQ GET_TEAM GETTIM GETTIMEOFDAY GETUID GMTIME GOTO - Assigned GOTO - Computed GOTO - Unconditional GROUPPRIVATE
H to I x
HINT HOSTNAM HUGE HYPOT IACHAR IALL IAND IANY IARGC IBCHNG IBCLR IBITS IBSET ICHAR IDATE Intrinsic Procedure IDATE Portability Routine IDATE4 IDENT IDFLOAT IEEE_CLASS IEEE_COPY_SIGN IEEE_FLAGS IEEE_FMA IEEE_GET_FLAG IEEE_GET_HALTING_MODE IEEE_GET_MODES IEEE_GET_ROUNDING_MODE IEEE_GET_STATUS IEEE_GET_UNDERFLOW_MODE IEEE_HANDLER IEEE_INT IEEE_IS_FINITE IEEE_IS_NAN IEEE_IS_NEGATIVE IEEE_IS_NORMAL IEEE_LOGB IEEE_MAX IEEE_MAX_MAG IEEE_MAX_NUM IEEE_MAX_NUM_MAG IEEE_MIN IEEE_MIN_MAG IEEE_MIN_NUM IEEE_MIN_NUM_MAG IEEE_NEXT_AFTER IEEE_NEXT_DOWN IEEE_NEXT_UP IEEE_QUIET_EQ IEEE_QUIET_GE IEEE_QUIET_GT IEEE_QUIET_LE IEEE_QUIET_LT IEEE_QUIET_NE IEEE_REAL IEEE_REM IEEE_RINT IEEE_SCALB IEEE_SELECTED_REAL_KIND IEEE_SET_FLAG IEEE_SET_HALTING_MODE IEEE_SET_MODES IEEE_SET_ROUNDING_MODE IEEE_SET_STATUS IEEE_SET_UNDERFLOW_MODE IEEE_SIGNALING_EQ IEEE_SIGNALING_GE IEEE_SIGNALING_GT IEEE_SIGNALING_LE IEEE_SIGNALING_LT IEEE_SIGNALING_NE IEEE_SIGNBIT IEEE_SUPPORT_DATATYPE IEEE_SUPPORT_DENORMAL IEEE_SUPPORT_DIVIDE IEEE_SUPPORT_FLAG IEEE_SUPPORT_HALTING IEEE_SUPPORT_INF IEEE_SUPPORT_IO IEEE_SUPPORT_NAN IEEE_SUPPORT_ROUNDING IEEE_SUPPORT_SQRT IEEE_SUPPORT_STANDARD IEEE_SUPPORT_SUBNORMAL IEEE_SUPPORT_UNDERFLOW_CONTROL IEEE_UNORDERED IEEE_VALUE IEOR IERRNO IF - Arithmetic IF - Logical IF Clause IF Construct IF Directive Construct IF DEFINED Directive IFIX IFLOATI, IFLOATJ ILEN IMAGE_INDEX IMAGE_STATUS IMPLICIT IMPORT IMPURE IN_REDUCTION INCLUDE INDEX INLINE, FORCEINLINE, and NOINLINE INMAX INQUIRE INT INTC INT_PTR_KIND INTEGER Statement INTEGER Directive INTERCHANGE Directive for OpenMP INTENT INTERFACE INTERFACE TO INTEROP INTRINSIC INUM IOR IPARITY IRAND, IRANDM IRANGET IRANSET IS_CONTIGUOUS IS_DEVICE_PTR Clause IS_IOSTAT_END IS_IOSTAT_EOR ISATTY ISHA ISHC ISHFT ISHFTC ISHL ISNAN ITERATOR Clause Modifier ITIME IVDEP IXOR
J to L x
JABS JDATE JDATE4 JNUM KILL KIND KNUM LASTPRIVATE LBOUND LCOBOUND LCWRQQ LEADZ LEN LEN_TRIM LGE LGT LINEAR Clause LLE LLT LNBLNK LOC %LOC LOCK and UNLOCK LOG LOG_GAMMA LOG10 LOGICAL Function LOGICAL Statement LONG LOOP LOOP COUNT LSHIFT LSTAT LTIME
M to N x
MAKEDIRQQ MALLOC MAP Clause MAP and END MAP MASKED MASKED TASKLOOP MASKED TASKLOOP SIMD MASKL MASKR MASTER MASTER TASKLOOP MASTER TASKLOOP SIMD MATMUL MAX MAXEXPONENT MAXLOC MAXVAL MCLOCK MERGE MERGE_BITS MERGEABLE Clause MESSAGE METADIRECTIVE MIN MINEXPONENT MINLOC MINVAL MM_PREFETCH MOD MODULE MODULE FUNCTION MODULE PROCEDURE MODULE SUBROUTINE MODULO MOVE_ALLOC MVBITS NAMELIST NARGS NEAREST NEW_LINE NINT NOFREEFORM NOFUSION NON_RECURSIVE NOOPTIMIZE NOPREFETCH NORM2 NOSTRICT NOT NOTHING NOTIFYY WAIT NOUNROLL NOUNROLL_AND_JAM NOVECTOR NOWAIT Clause NULL NULLIFY NUM_IMAGES
O to P x
OBJCOMMENT OPEN OPTIONAL OPTIMIZE and NOOPTIMIZE OPTIONS Directive OPTIONS Statement OR ORDER Clause ORDERED OUT_OF_RANGE PACK Directive PACK Function PACKTIMEQQ PARALLEL Directive for OpenMP PARALLEL DO PARALLEL DO SIMD PARALLEL LOOP PARALLEL MASKED PARALLEL MASKED TASKLOOP PARALLEL MASKED TASKLOOP SIMD PARALLEL MASTER PARALLEL MASTER TASKLOOP PARALLEL MASTER TASKLOOP SIMD PARALLEL SECTIONS PARALLEL WORKSHARE PARAMETER PARITY PAUSE PEEKCHARQQ PERROR POINTER - Fortran POINTER - Integer POPCNT POPPAR PRECISION PREFETCH and NOPREFETCH General Directives PREFETCH DATA Directive for OpenMP PRESENT PRINT PRIORITY PRIVATE Clause PRIVATE Statement PROCEDURE PROCESSOR Clause PRODUCT PROGRAM PROTECTED PSECT PUBLIC PURE PUTC
Q to R x
QCMPLX QEXT QFLOAT QNUM QRANSET QREAL QSORT RADIX RAISEQQ RAN RAND, RANDOM RANDOM Subroutine RANDOM_INIT RANDOM_NUMBER RANDOM_SEED RANDU RANF Intrinsic Procedure RANF Portability Routine RANGE RANGET RANK RANK Clause RANSET READ Statement REAL Directive REAL Function REAL Statement RECORD RECURSIVE and NON_RECURSIVE REDUCE REDUCTION %REF RENAME RENAMEFILEQQ REPEAT REQUIRES RESHAPE RESULT RETURN REWIND REWRITE RINDEX RNUM RRSPACING RSHIFT RTC RUNQQ
S x
SAME_TYPE_AS SAVE SCALE SCAN Directive SCAN Function SCANENV SCOPE SCWRQQ SECNDS Intrinsic Procedure SECNDS Portability Routine SECTIONS SEED SELECT CASE and END SELECT SELECT RANK SELECT TYPE SELECTED_CHAR_KIND SELECTED_INT_KIND SELECTED_LOGICAL_KIND SELECTED_REAL_KIND SEQUENCE SETCONTROLFPQQ SETDAT SETENVQQ SETERRORMODEQQ SET_EXPONENT SETFILEACCESSQQ SETFILETIMEQQ SETTIM SHAPE SHARED Clause SHIFTA SHIFTL SHIFTR SHORT SIGN SIGNAL SIGNALQQ SIMD Directive for OpenMP SIN SIND SINGLE SINH SINPI SIZE Function SIZEOF SIZES Clause SLEEP SLEEPQQ SNGL SORTQQ SPACING SPLIT SPLITPATHQQ SPREAD SQRT SRAND SSWRQQ STAT Statement Function STATIC STOP and ERROR STOP STOPPED_IMAGES STORAGE_SIZE STRICT and NOSTRICT STRIPE Directive for OpenMP STRUCTURE and END STRUCTURE SUBMODULE SUBROUTINE SUM SYNC ALL SYNC IMAGES SYNC MEMORY SYNC TEAM SYSTEM SYSTEM_CLOCK SYSTEMQQ
T to Z x
TAN TAND TANH TANPI TARGET TARGET DATA TARGET Statement TARGET ENTER DATA TARGET EXIT DATA TARGET PARALLEL TARGET PARALLEL DO TARGET PARALLEL DO SIMD TARGET PARALLEL LOOP TARGET SIMD TARGET TEAMS TARGET TEAMS DISTRIBUTE TARGET TEAMS DISTRIBUTE PARALLEL DO TARGET TEAMS DISTRIBUTE PARALLEL DO SIMD TARGET TEAMS DISTRIBUTE SIMD TARGET TEAMS LOOP TARGET UPDATE TASK TASK_REDUCTION TASKGROUP TASKLOOP TASKLOOP SIMD TASKWAIT TASKYIELD TEAM_NUMBER TEAMS TEAMS DISTRIBUTE TEAMS DISTRIBUTE PARALLEL DO TEAMS DISTRIBUTE PARALLEL DO SIMD TEAMS DISTRIBUTE SIMD TEAMS LOOP THIS_IMAGE THREAD_LIMIT THREADPRIVATE THREADSET Clause TILE TIME Intrinsic Procedure TIME Portability Routine TIMEF TINY TOKENIZE TRACEBACKQQ TRAILZ TRANSFER TRANSPOSE TRIM TTYNAM Type Declarations TYPE Statement for Derived Types UBOUND UCOBOUND UNDEFINE UNION and END UNION UNLINK UNPACK UNPACKTIMEQQ UNROLL Directive for OpenMP UNROLL and NOUNROLL General Directives UNROLL_AND_JAM and NOUNROLL_AND_JAM UNTIED Clause USE USE_DEVICE_PTR Clause %VAL VALUE VECREMAINDER Clause VECTOR and NOVECTOR VERIFY VIRTUAL VOLATILE WAIT WHERE WORKDISTRIBUTE WORKSHARE WRITE Statement XOR ZEXT
POSIX* Library Routines x
IPXFARGC IPXFCONST IPXFLENTRIM IPXFWEXITSTATUS IPXFWSTOPSIG IPXFWTERMSIG PXFGET PXFSET PXFAGET PXFASET PXFACCESS PXFALARM PXFCALLSUBHANDLE PXFCFGETISPEED PXFCFGETOSPEED PXFCFSETISPEED PXFCFSETOSPEED PXFCHDIR PXFCHMOD PXFCHOWN PXFCLEARENV PXFCLOSE PXFCLOSEDIR PXFCONST PXFCREAT PXFCTERMID PXFDUP, PXFDUP2 PXFEGET PXFESET PXFEXECV PXFEXECVE PXFEXECVP PXFEXIT, PXFFASTEXIT PXFFCNTL PXFFDOPEN PXFFFLUSH PXFFGETC PXFFILENO PXFFORK PXFFPATHCONF PXFFPUTC PXFFSEEK PXFFSTAT PXFFTELL PXFGETARG PXFGETC PXFGETCWD PXFGETEGID PXFGETENV PXFGETEUID PXFGETGID PXFGETGRGID PXFGETGRNAM PXFGETGROUPS PXFGETLOGIN PXFGETPGRP PXFGETPID PXFGETPPID PXFGETPWNAM PXFGETPWUID PXFGETSUBHANDLE PXFGETUID PXFISATTY PXFISBLK PXFISCHR PXFISCONST PXFISDIR PXFISFIFO PXFISREG PXFKILL PXFLINK PXFLOCALTIME PXFLSEEK PXFMKDIR PXFMKFIFO PXFOPEN PXFOPENDIR PXFPATHCONF PXFPAUSE PXFPIPE PXFPOSIXIO PXFPUTC PXFREAD PXFREADDIR PXFRENAME PXFREWINDDIR PXFRMDIR PXFSETENV PXFSETGID PXFSETPGID PXFSETSID PXFSETUID PXFSIGACTION PXFSIGADDSET PXFSIGDELSET PXFSIGEMPTYSET PXFSIGFILLSET PXFSIGISMEMBER PXFSIGPENDING PXFSIGPROCMASK PXFSIGSUSPEND PXFSLEEP PXFSTAT PXFSTRUCTCOPY PXFSTRUCTCREATE PXFSTRUCTFREE PXFSYSCONF PXFTCDRAIN PXFTCFLOW PXFTCFLUSH PXFTCGETATTR PXFTCGETPGRP PXFTCSENDBREAK PXFTCSETATTR PXFTCSETPGRP PXFTIME PXFTIMES PXFTTYNAME PXFUCOMPARE PXFUMASK PXFUNAME PXFUNLINK PXFUTIME PXFWAIT PXFWAITPID PXFWIFEXITED PXFWIFSIGNALED PXFWIFSTOPPED PXFWRITE
Automation Server and Component Object Model Library Routines x
AUTOAddArg AUTOAllocateInvokeArgs AUTODeallocateInvokeArgs AUTOGetExceptInfo AUTOGetProperty AUTOGetPropertyByID AUTOGetPropertyInvokeArgs AUTOInvoke AUTOSetProperty AUTOSetPropertyByID AUTOSetPropertyInvokeArgs COMAddObjectReference COMCLSIDFromProgID COMCLSIDFromString COMCreateObject COMCreateObjectByGUID COMCreateObjectByProgID COMGetActiveObjectByGUID COMGetActiveObjectByProgID COMGetFileObject COMInitialize COMIsEqualGUID COMQueryInterface COMReleaseObject COMStringFromGUID COMUninitialize
National Language Support Library Routines x
MBCharLen MBConvertMBToUnicode MBConvertUnicodeToMB MBCurMax MBINCHARQQ MBINDEX MBJISToJMS, MBJMSToJIS MBLead MBLen MBLen_Trim MBLGE, MBLGT, MBLLE, MBLLT, MBLEQ, MBLNE MBNext MBPrev MBSCAN MBStrLead MBVERIFY NLSEnumCodepages NLSEnumLocales NLSFormatCurrency NLSFormatDate NLSFormatNumber NLSFormatTime NLSGetEnvironmentCodepage NLSGetLocale NLSGetLocaleInfo NLSSetEnvironmentCodepage NLSSetLocale
QuickWin Library Routines x
ABOUTBOXQQ APPENDMENUQQ CLICKMENUQQ DELETEMENUQQ FOCUSQQ GETACTIVEQQ GETEXITQQ GETHWNDQQ GETUNITQQ GETWINDOWCONFIG GETWSIZEQQ INCHARQQ INITIALSETTINGS INQFOCUSQQ INSERTMENUQQ INTEGERTORGB MESSAGEBOXQQ MODIFYMENUFLAGSQQ MODIFYMENUROUTINEQQ MODIFYMENUSTRINGQQ PASSDIRKEYSQQ REGISTERMOUSEEVENT RGBTOINTEGER SETACTIVEQQ SETEXITQQ SETMESSAGEQQ SETMOUSECURSOR SETWINDOWCONFIG SETWINDOWMENUQQ SETWSIZEQQ UNREGISTERMOUSEEVENT WAITONMOUSEEVENT
Graphics Library Routines x
ARC, ARC_W CLEARSCREEN DISPLAYCURSOR ELLIPSE, ELLIPSE_W FLOODFILL, FLOODFILL_W FLOODFILLRGB, FLOODFILLRGB_W GETARCINFO GETBKCOLOR GETBKCOLORRGB GETCOLOR GETCOLORRGB GETCURRENTPOSITION, GETCURRENTPOSITION_W GETFILLMASK GETFONTINFO GETGTEXTEXTENT GETGTEXTROTATION GETIMAGE, GETIMAGE_W GETLINESTYLE GETLINEWIDTHQQ GETPHYSCOORD GETPIXEL, GETPIXEL_W GETPIXELRGB, GETPIXELRGB_W GETPIXELS GETPIXELSRGB GETTEXTCOLOR GETTEXTCOLORRGB GETTEXTPOSITION GETTEXTWINDOW GETVIEWCOORD, GETVIEWCOORD_W GETWINDOWCOORD GETWRITEMODE GRSTATUS IMAGESIZE, IMAGESIZE_W INITIALIZEFONTS LINETO, LINETO_W LINETOAR LINETOAREX LOADIMAGE, LOADIMAGE_W MOVETO, MOVETO_W OUTGTEXT OUTTEXT PIE, PIE_W POLYBEZIER, POLYBEZIER_W POLYBEZIERTO, POLYBEZIERTO_W POLYGON, POLYGON_W POLYLINEQQ PUTIMAGE, PUTIMAGE_W RECTANGLE, RECTANGLE_W REMAPALLPALETTERGB, REMAPPALETTERGB SAVEIMAGE, SAVEIMAGE_W SCROLLTEXTWINDOW SETBKCOLOR SETBKCOLORRGB SETCLIPRGN SETCOLOR SETCOLORRGB SETFILLMASK SETFONT SETGTEXTROTATION SETLINESTYLE SETLINEWIDTHQQ SETPIXEL, SETPIXEL_W SETPIXELRGB, SETPIXELRGB_W SETPIXELS SETPIXELSRGB SETTEXTCOLOR SETTEXTCOLORRGB SETTEXTCURSOR SETTEXTPOSITION SETTEXTWINDOW SETVIEWORG SETVIEWPORT SETWINDOW SETWRITEMODE WRAPON
Serial Port I/O Library Routines x
SPORT_CANCEL_IO SPORT_CONNECT SPORT_CONNECT_EX SPORT_GET_HANDLE SPORT_GET_STATE SPORT_GET_STATE_EX SPORT_GET_TIMEOUTS SPORT_PEEK_DATA SPORT_PEEK_LINE SPORT_PURGE SPORT_READ_DATA SPORT_READ_LINE SPORT_RELEASE SPORT_SET_STATE SPORT_SET_STATE_EX SPORT_SET_TIMEOUTS SPORT_SHOW_STATE SPORT_SPECIAL_FUNC SPORT_WRITE_DATA SPORT_WRITE_LINE
Dialog Library Routines x
DLGEXIT DLGFLUSH DLGGET, DLGGETINT, DLGGETLOG, DLGGETCHAR DLGINIT, DLGINITWITHRESOURCEHANDLE DLGISDLGMESSAGE, DLGISDLGMESSAGEWITHDLG DLGMODAL, DLGMODALWITHPARENT DLGMODELESS DLGSENDCTRLMESSAGE DLGSET, DLGSETINT, DLGSETLOG, DLGSETCHAR DLGSETCTRLEVENTHANDLER DLGSETRETURN DLGSETSUB DLGSETTITLE DLGUNINIT
Glossary x
Glossary A Glossary B Glossary C Glossary D Glossary E Glossary F Glossary G Glossary H Glossary I Glossary K Glossary L Glossary M Glossary N Glossary O Glossary P Glossary Q Glossary R Glossary S Glossary T Glossary U Glossary V Glossary W Glossary Z
Compilation x
Supported Environment Variables Use Other Methods to Set Environment Variables Files Associated with Intel® Fortran Applications Compile and Link Multithreaded Programs Ahead of Time Compilation Use Configuration Files Use Response Files Create Fortran Executables Link Debug Information Debugging
Debugging x
Prepare Your Program for Debugging Use Breakpoints in the Microsoft Debugger Debug the Squares Example with Microsoft* Debugger View Fortran Data Types in the Microsoft Debugger View the Call Stack in the Microsoft Debugger Locate Unaligned Data Debug a Program that Encounters a Signal or Exception Debugging and Optimizations Debug Mixed-Language Programs Debug Multithreaded Programs Use Remote Debugging
Use Remote Debugging x
Remote Debugging Scenario
Program Structure x
Use Module Files Use Include Files Advantages of Internal Procedures Implications for Array Copies
Optimization and Programming x
OpenMP* Support Compiler Sanitizers Coarrays Vectorization High-Level Optimization Interprocedural Optimization Fortran Language Extensions fpp Preprocessing Methods to Optimize Code Size Optimization Reports National Language Support Routines
OpenMP* Support x
Add OpenMP* Support Parallel Processing Model Control Thread Allocation OpenMP* Library Support OpenMP* Contexts OpenMP* Offloading SPMD/SIMT and SIMD Models OpenMP* Advanced Issues OpenMP* Implementation-Defined Behaviors OpenMP* Examples
OpenMP* Library Support x
OpenMP* Runtime Library Routines Intel® Compiler Extension Routines to OpenMP* OpenMP* Support Libraries Use the OpenMP* Libraries Thread Affinity Interface OpenMP* Memory Spaces and Allocators
OpenMP* Contexts x
OpenMP* Context Selectors Score and Match Context Selectors
Compiler Sanitizers x
Device-Side Compiler Sanitizers Host-Side Compiler Sanitizers
Coarrays x
Use Coarrays Debug a Coarray Application
Vectorization x
Automatic Vectorization Explicit Vector Programming
Automatic Vectorization x
Vectorization Programming Guidelines Use Automatic Vectorization Vectorization and Loops Loop Constructs
Explicit Vector Programming x
User-Mandated or SIMD Vectorization Function Annotations and the SIMD Directive for Vectorization
Interprocedural Optimization x
Use Interprocedural Optimization Performance and Large Program Considerations Inline Expansion of Functions
Fortran Language Extensions x
Support for 64-bit Architecture on Linux Traceback Allocate Common Blocks Generate Listing and Map Files Create Shared Libraries Specify Alternative Tools and Locations Temporary Files Created by the Compiler or Linker Use the Intel® Fortran COM Server on Windows Use the Intel® Fortran Module Wizard (COM Client) on Windows IFPORT Portability Library
Traceback x
Traceback Tradeoffs and Restrictions Sample Programs and Traceback Information
Use the Intel® Fortran COM Server on Windows x
Advantages of a COM Server COM Server Concepts Create the Fortran COM Server Fortran COM Server Interface Design Considerations Advanced COM Server Topics Deploy the COM Server on Another System
Use the Intel® Fortran Module Wizard (COM Client) on Windows x
COM and Automation Objects The Role of the Module Wizard Use the Module Wizard to Generate Code Call the Routines Generated by the Module Wizard Get a Pointer to an Object's Interface Additional Resources about COM and Automation
fpp Preprocessing x
fpp Preprocessor Directives Predefined Preprocessor Symbols Fortran Preprocessor Options
Compatibility and Portability x
Fortran Language Standards Conformance, Compatibility, and Fortran Features Minimize Operating System-Specific Information Store and Represent Data Data Portability
Data Portability x
Format Data for Transportability Supported Native and Non-Native Numeric Formats Port Non-Native Data Specify the Data Format
Developer Guide and Reference

T to Z

This section describes language features that start with T, U, V, W, X, Y, or Z.

Parent topic: A to Z Reference
  • TAN
    Elemental Intrinsic Function (Generic): Produces the tangent of an argument in radians.
  • TAND
    Elemental Intrinsic Function (Generic): Produces the tangent of an argument in degrees.
  • TANH
    Elemental Intrinsic Function (Generic): Produces a hyperbolic tangent.
  • TANPI
    Elemental Intrinsic Function (Generic): Produces the tangent of an argument in half revolutions.
  • TARGET
    OpenMP* Fortran Compiler Directive: Creates a device data environment and executes the construct on that device.
  • TARGET DATA
    OpenMP* Fortran Compiler Directive: Maps variables to a device data environment for the extent of the region.
  • TARGET Statement
    Statement and Attribute: Specifies that an object can become the target of a pointer (it can be pointed to).
  • TARGET ENTER DATA
    OpenMP* Fortran Compiler Directive: Specifies that variables are mapped to a device data environment.
  • TARGET EXIT DATA
    OpenMP* Fortran Compiler Directive: Specifies that variables are unmapped from a device data environment.
  • TARGET PARALLEL
    OpenMP* Fortran Compiler Directive: Creates a device data environment in a parallel region and executes the construct on that device.
  • TARGET PARALLEL DO
    OpenMP* Fortran Compiler Directive: Provides an abbreviated way to specify a TARGET directive containing a PARALLEL DO directive and no other statements.
  • TARGET PARALLEL DO SIMD
    OpenMP* Fortran Compiler Directive: Specifies a TARGET construct that contains a PARALLEL DO SIMD construct and no other statement.
  • TARGET PARALLEL LOOP
    OpenMP* Fortran Compiler Directive: Specifies a shortcut for specifying a parallel loop inside a TARGET construct that contains no other statements than the parallel loop.
  • TARGET SIMD
    OpenMP* Fortran Compiler Directive: Specifies a TARGET construct that contains a SIMD construct and no other statement.
  • TARGET TEAMS
    OpenMP* Fortran Compiler Directive: Creates a device data environment and executes the construct on the same device. It also creates a league of thread teams with the primary thread in each team executing the structured block.
  • TARGET TEAMS DISTRIBUTE
    OpenMP* Fortran Compiler Directive: Creates a device data environment and executes the construct on the same device. It also specifies that loop iterations will be distributed among the primary threads of all thread teams in a league created by a TEAMS construct.
  • TARGET TEAMS DISTRIBUTE PARALLEL DO
    OpenMP* Fortran Compiler Directive: Creates a device data environment and then executes the construct on that device. It also specifies a loop that can be executed in parallel by multiple threads that are members of multiple teams created by a TEAMS construct.
  • TARGET TEAMS DISTRIBUTE PARALLEL DO SIMD
    OpenMP* Fortran Compiler Directive: Creates a device data environment and then executes the construct on that device. It also specifies a loop that can be executed in parallel by multiple threads that are members of multiple teams created by a TEAMS construct. The loop will be distributed across the teams, which will be executed concurrently using SIMD instructions.
  • TARGET TEAMS DISTRIBUTE SIMD
    OpenMP* Fortran Compiler Directive: Creates a device data environment and executes the construct on the same device. It also specifies that loop iterations will be distributed among the primary threads of all thread teams in a league created by a TEAMS construct. It will be executed concurrently using SIMD instructions.
  • TARGET TEAMS LOOP
    OpenMP* Fortran Compiler Directive: Specifies a shortcut for specifying a TEAMS LOOP construct inside a TEAMS construct that contains no other statements.
  • TARGET UPDATE
    OpenMP* Fortran Compiler Directive: Makes the list items in the device data environment consistent with their corresponding original list items.
  • TASK
    OpenMP* Fortran Compiler Directive: Defines a task region.
  • TASK_REDUCTION
    Specifies a reduction among tasks. The TASK_REDUCTION clause is a reduction scoping clause.
  • TASKGROUP
    OpenMP* Fortran Compiler Directive: Specifies a wait for the completion of all child tasks of the current task and all of their descendant tasks.
  • TASKLOOP
    OpenMP* Fortran Compiler Directive: Specifies that the iterations of one or more associated DO loops should be executed in parallel using OpenMP* tasks. The iterations are distributed across tasks that are created by the construct and scheduled to be executed.
  • TASKLOOP SIMD
    OpenMP* Fortran Compiler Directive: Specifies a loop that can be executed concurrently using SIMD instructions and that those iterations will also be executed in parallel using OpenMP* tasks.
  • TASKWAIT
    OpenMP* Fortran Compiler Directive: Specifies a wait on the completion of child tasks generated since the beginning of the current task.
  • TASKYIELD
    OpenMP* Fortran Compiler Directive: Specifies that the current task can be suspended at this point in favor of execution of a different task.
  • TEAM_NUMBER
    Transformational Intrinsic Function (Generic): Returns the team number of the specified team.
  • TEAMS
    OpenMP* Fortran Compiler Directive: Creates a league of thread teams to execute a structured block in the primary thread of each team.
  • TEAMS DISTRIBUTE
    OpenMP* Fortran Compiler Directive: Creates a league of thread teams to execute a structured block in the primary thread of each team. It also specifies that loop iterations will be distributed among the primary threads of all thread teams in a league created by a TEAMS construct.
  • TEAMS DISTRIBUTE PARALLEL DO
    OpenMP* Fortran Compiler Directive: Creates a league of thread teams to execute a structured block in the primary thread of each team. It also specifies a loop that can be executed in parallel by multiple threads that are members of multiple teams.
  • TEAMS DISTRIBUTE PARALLEL DO SIMD
    OpenMP* Fortran Compiler Directive: Creates a league of thread teams to execute a structured block in the primary thread of each team. It also specifies a loop that can be executed in parallel by multiple threads that are members of multiple teams. The loop will be distributed across the primary threads of the teams region, which will be executed concurrently using SIMD instructions.
  • TEAMS DISTRIBUTE SIMD
    OpenMP* Fortran Compiler Directive: Creates a league of thread teams to execute the structured block in the primary thread of each team. It also specifies a loop that will be distributed across the primary threads of the teams region. The loop will be executed concurrently using SIMD instructions.
  • TEAMS LOOP
    OpenMP* Fortran Compiler Directive: Specifies a shortcut for specifying a LOOP construct inside a TEAMS construct.
  • THIS_IMAGE
    Transformational Intrinsic Function (Generic): Returns the image index of the invoking image on the current or specified team, or the cosubscripts for the executing image on the current or specified team.
  • THREAD_LIMIT
    Parallel Directive Clause: Specifies the maximum number of threads that can participate in a construct.
  • THREADPRIVATE
    OpenMP* Fortran Compiler Directive: Specifies named common blocks and certain variables to be private (local) to each thread; they are global within the thread.
  • THREADSET Clause
    Parallel Directive Clause: Specifies the set of threads that execute tasks generated by the construct it appears on.
  • TILE
    OpenMP* Fortran Compiler Directive: Tiles (or blocks) one or more loops of a loop nest.
  • TIME Intrinsic Procedure
    Intrinsic Subroutine (Generic): Returns the current time as set within the system. TIME can be used as an intrinsic subroutine or as a portability routine. It is an intrinsic procedure unless you specify USE IFPORT. Intrinsic subroutines cannot be passed as actual arguments.
  • TIME Portability Routine
    Portability Function or Subroutine: The function returns the system time, in seconds, since 00:00:00 Greenwich mean time, January 1, 1970. TIME can be used as a portability function or subroutine, or as an intrinsic procedure. It is an intrinsic procedure unless you specify USE IFPORT.
  • TIMEF
    Portability Function: Returns the number of seconds since the first time it is called, or zero.
  • TINY
    Inquiry Intrinsic Function (Generic): Returns the smallest number in the model representing the same type and kind parameters as the argument.
  • TOKENIZE
    Pure Intrinsic Subroutine (Generic): Parses a string into tokens.
  • TRACEBACKQQ
    Runtime Subroutine: Provides traceback information. Uses the Intel® Fortran runtime library traceback facility to generate a stack trace showing the program call stack as it appeared at the time of the call to TRACEBACKQQ( ).
  • TRAILZ
    Elemental Intrinsic Function (Generic): Returns the number of trailing zero bits in an integer.
  • TRANSFER
    Transformational Intrinsic Function (Generic): Converts the bit pattern of the first argument according to the type and kind parameters of the second argument.
  • TRANSPOSE
    Transformational Intrinsic Function (Generic): Transposes an array of rank two.
  • TRIM
    Transformational Intrinsic Function (Generic): Returns the argument with trailing blanks removed.
  • TTYNAM
    Portability Subroutine: Specifies a terminal device name.
  • Type Declarations
    Statement: Explicitly specifies the properties of data objects or functions.
  • TYPE Statement for Derived Types
    Statement: Declares a variable to be of derived type. It specifies the name of the user-defined type and the types of its components.
  • UBOUND
    Inquiry Intrinsic Function (Generic): Returns the upper bounds for all dimensions of an array, or the upper bound for a specified dimension.
  • UCOBOUND
    Inquiry Intrinsic Function (Generic): Returns the upper cobounds of a coarray.
  • UNDEFINE
    Statement: Removes a defined symbol.
  • UNION and END UNION
    Statements: Define a data area that can be shared intermittently during program execution by one or more fields or groups of fields. A union declaration must be within a structure declaration.
  • UNLINK
    Portability Function: Deletes the file given by path.
  • UNPACK
    Transformational Intrinsic Function (Generic): Takes elements from a rank-one array and unpacks them into another (possibly larger) array under the control of a mask.
  • UNPACKTIMEQQ
    Portability Subroutine: Unpacks a packed time and date value into its component parts.
  • UNROLL Directive for OpenMP
    OpenMP* Fortran Compiler Directive: Partially or fully unrolls a DO loop.
  • UNROLL and NOUNROLL General Directives
    General Compiler Directive: Tells the compiler's optimizer how many times to unroll a DO loop or disables the unrolling of a DO loop. These directives can only be applied to iterative DO loops.
  • UNROLL_AND_JAM and NOUNROLL_AND_JAM
    General Compiler Directive: Hints to the compiler to enable or disable loop unrolling and jamming. These directives can only be applied to iterative DO loops.
  • UNTIED Clause
    Parallel Directive Clause: Specifies that the task is never tied to the thread that started its execution.
  • USE
    Statement: Gives a program unit accessibility to public entities in a module.
  • USE_DEVICE_PTR Clause
    Parallel Directive Clause: Tells the construct to use a device pointer currently in the device data environment.
  • %VAL
    Built-in Function: Changes the form of an actual argument. Passes the argument as an immediate value.
  • VALUE
    Statement and Attribute: Specifies a type of argument association for a dummy argument.
  • VECREMAINDER Clause
    General Directive Clause: Allows the compiler to vectorize (or not to vectorize) any peel or remainder loops when the original loop is vectorized.
  • VECTOR and NOVECTOR
    General Compiler Directive: Overrides default heuristics for vectorization of DO loops. It can also affect certain optimizations.
  • VERIFY
    Elemental Intrinsic Function (Generic): Verifies that a set of characters contains all the characters in a string by identifying the first character in the string that is not in the set.
  • VIRTUAL
    Statement: Has the same form and effect as the DIMENSION statement. It is included for compatibility with PDP-11 FORTRAN.
  • VOLATILE
    Statement and Attribute: Specifies that the value of an object is entirely unpredictable, based on information local to the current program unit. It prevents objects from being optimized during compilation.
  • WAIT
    Statement: Performs a wait operation for a specified pending asynchronous data transfer operation. It takes one of the following forms:
  • WHERE
    Statement and Construct: Lets you use masked array assignment, which performs an array operation on selected elements. This kind of assignment applies a logical test to an array on an element-by-element basis.
  • WORKDISTRIBUTE
    OpenMP* Fortran Compiler Directive: Divides a structured block of statements, including array assignment statement, into individual units of work. Each unit of work is executed by a thread of the enclosing team construct so each unit is only executed exactly once.
  • WORKSHARE
    OpenMP* Fortran Compiler Directive: Divides the work of executing a block of statements or constructs into separate units. It also distributes the work of executing the units to threads of the team so each unit is only executed once.
  • WRITE Statement
    Statement: Transfers output data to external sequential, direct-access, or internal records.
  • XOR
    Elemental Intrinsic Function (Generic): An alternative name for intrinsic function IEOR.
  • ZEXT
    Elemental Intrinsic Function (Generic): Extends an argument with zeros. This function is used primarily for bit-oriented operations. It cannot be passed as an actual argument.
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