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2026.1 IPU, Intel® Trust Domain Extensions (Intel® TDX) module Advisory
| Intel ID: | INTEL-SA-01397 |
|---|---|
| Advisory Category: | Firmware |
| Impact of vulnerability: | Escalation of Privilege, Denial of Service, Information Disclosure |
| Severity rating: | HIGH |
| Original release: | 02/10/2026 |
| Last revised: | 02/10/2026 |
Summary:
Potential security vulnerabilities for some Intel® TDX modules may allow information disclosure, escalation of privilege, or denial of service. Intel is releasing firmware updates to mitigate these potential vulnerabilities.
Vulnerability Details:
CVEID: CVE-2025-30513
Description: Race condition for some TDX Module within Ring 0: Hypervisor may allow an escalation of privilege. System software adversary with a privileged user combined with a low complexity attack may enable escalation of privilege. This result may potentially occur via local access when attack requirements are not present with special internal knowledge and requires no user interaction. The potential vulnerability may impact the confidentiality (high), integrity (high) and availability (none) of the vulnerable system, resulting in subsequent system confidentiality (none), integrity (none) and availability (none) impacts.
CVSS Base Score 4.0: 8.4 High
CVSS Vector 4.0: CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
CVSS Base Score 3.1: 7.9 High
CVSS Vector 3.1: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N
CVEID: CVE-2025-31944
Description: Race condition for some TDX Module before version tdx1.5 within Ring 0: Hypervisor may allow a denial of service. Authorized adversary with a privileged user combined with a high complexity attack may enable denial of service. This result may potentially occur via local access when attack requirements are present without special internal knowledge and requires no user interaction. The potential vulnerability may impact the confidentiality (none), integrity (none) and availability (high) of the vulnerable system, resulting in subsequent system confidentiality (none), integrity (none) and availability (low) impacts.
CVSS Base Score 4.0: 5.6 Medium
CVSS Vector 4.0: CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:H/AT:P/PR:H/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:L
CVSS Base Score 3.1: 5.3 Medium
CVSS Vector 3.1: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:N/A:H
CVEID: CVE-2025-32007
Description: Out-of-bounds read for some TDX before version tdx module 1.5.24 within Ring 0: Hypervisor may allow an information disclosure. Authorized adversary with a privileged user combined with a low complexity attack may enable data exposure. This result may potentially occur via local access when attack requirements are present without special internal knowledge and requires no user interaction. The potential vulnerability may impact the confidentiality (high), integrity (none) and availability (none) of the vulnerable system, resulting in subsequent system confidentiality (none), integrity (none) and availability (none) impacts.
CVSS Base Score 4.0: 5.6 Medium
CVSS Vector 4.0: CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:P/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
CVSS Base Score 3.1: 4.4 Medium
CVSS Vector 3.1: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
CVEID: CVE-2025-32467
Description: Use of uninitialized variable for some TDX Module before version tdx1.5 within Ring 0: Hypervisor may allow an information disclosure. Authorized adversary with a privileged user combined with a high complexity attack may enable data exposure. This result may potentially occur via local access when attack requirements are present without special internal knowledge and requires no user interaction. The potential vulnerability may impact the confidentiality (high), integrity (none) and availability (none) of the vulnerable system, resulting in subsequent system confidentiality (none), integrity (none) and availability (none) impacts.
CVSS Base Score 4.0: 5.6 Medium
CVSS Vector 4.0: CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:H/AT:P/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
CVSS Base Score 3.1: 4.1 Medium
CVSS Vector 3.1: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
CVEID: CVE-2025-27572
Description: Exposure of sensitive information during transient execution for some TDX within Ring 0: Hypervisor may allow an information disclosure. Authorized adversary with a privileged user combined with a high complexity attack may enable data exposure. This result may potentially occur via local access when attack requirements are not present without special internal knowledge and requires no user interaction. The potential vulnerability may impact the confidentiality (high), integrity (none) and availability (none) of the vulnerable system, resulting in subsequent system confidentiality (none), integrity (none) and availability (none) impacts.
CVSS Base Score 4.0: 5.6 Medium
CVSS Vector 4.0: CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:H/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
CVSS Base Score 3.1: 4.1 Medium
CVSS Vector 3.1: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
CVEID: CVE-2025-27940
Description: Out-of-bounds read for some TDX Module before version tdx1.5 within Ring 0: Hypervisor may allow an information disclosure. Software side channel adversary with a privileged user combined with a high complexity attack may enable data exposure. This result may potentially occur via local access when attack requirements are present without special internal knowledge and requires no user interaction. The potential vulnerability may impact the confidentiality (high), integrity (none) and availability (none) of the vulnerable system, resulting in subsequent system confidentiality (none), integrity (none) and availability (none) impacts.
CVSS Base Score 4.0: 5.6 Medium
CVSS Vector 4.0: CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:H/AT:P/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
CVSS Base Score 3.1: 4.1 Medium
CVSS Vector 3.1: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
Affected Products:
| Product Collection | Affected Versions |
| 4th Gen Intel® Xeon® Scalable processor | 1.5.20 and earlier |
| 5th Gen Intel® Xeon® Scalable processor | 1.5.20 and earlier |
| Intel® Xeon® 6 processor with P-cores | 2.0.12 and earlier |
| Intel® Xeon® 6 SoC | 2.0.12 and earlier |
| Intel® Xeon® 6 processor with E-cores | 1.5.20 and earlier |
Recommendation:
Intel recommends that users of Intel® Xeon® Processors update to the latest version provided by the system manufacturer that addresses these issues.
Acknowledgements:
CVE-2025-31944 was found by Intel employees. Intel would like to thank Reinette Chatre.
CVE-2025-32007, CVE-2025-27940, CVE-2025-30513, CVE-2025-27572 and CVE-2025-32467 were found externally. Intel would like to thank Kirk Swidowski, Josh Eads, Daniel Moghimi, Erdem Aktas from Google for reporting these issues.
Intel, and nearly the entire technology industry, follows a disclosure practice called Coordinated Disclosure, under which a cybersecurity vulnerability is generally publicly disclosed only after mitigations are available.
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