Intel Stratix 10 Power Management User Guide

RSS

UG-S10PWR | 2020.10.16

Version Information

Updated for:
Intel® Quartus® Prime Design Suite 20.3

1. Intel Stratix 10 Power Management Overview

The Intel^® Stratix^® 10 device family offers SmartVID standard power devices in all speed grades. Lower power fixed-voltage devices are also available in all speed grades except for the fastest speed grade.

Intel^® Stratix^® 10 devices also offer power gating feature to the digital signal processing (DSP) blocks and M20K memory blocks that are not in use for static power savings. You can implement this feature through the Intel^® Quartus^® Prime software. This user guide describes power saving features of the Intel^® Stratix^® 10 device family, and also describes the power-up and power-down sequencing requirements for the Intel^® Stratix^® 10 devices.

2. Intel Stratix 10 Power Management Architecture and Features

The following sections describe the power consumption, power reduction techniques, power sense line feature, power-on reset (POR) requirements, power-up and power-down sequencing requirements.

2.1. Power Consumption

The total power consumption of an Intel^® Stratix^® 10 device consists of the following components:

Static power—the power that the configured device consumes when powered up but no user clocks are operating, excluding DC bias power of analog blocks, such as I/O and transceiver analog circuitry.
Dynamic power—the additional power consumption of the device due to signal activity or toggling.
Standby power—the component of active power that is independent of signal activity or toggling. Standby power includes, but is not limited to, I/O and transceiver DC bias power.

2.1.1. Dynamic Power Equation

The following equation shows how to calculate dynamic power where P is power, C is the load capacitance, and V is the supply voltage level. The frequency refers to the clock frequency and data toggles once every clock cycle.

Figure 1. Dynamic Power Equation

The equation shows that power is design-dependent. Power is dependent on the operating frequency of your design, applied voltage, and load capacitance, which depends on design connectivity. Intel^® Stratix^® 10 devices minimize static and dynamic power using advanced process optimizations. These optimizations allow Intel^® Stratix^® 10 designs to meet specific performance requirements with the lowest possible power.

2.2. Power Reduction Techniques and Features

Intel^® Stratix^® 10 devices leverage on advanced 14-nm process technology, an enhanced core architecture, and various optimizations to reduce total power consumption. The power reduction techniques and features are listed below:

SmartVID Standard Power Devices
Power-Screened Devices
Temperature Compensation
DSP and M20K Power Gating
Clock Gating
Power Sense Line

2.2.1. SmartVID Standard Power Devices

The SmartVID feature compensates for process variation by narrowing the process distribution using voltage adaptation. This feature is supported in devices with the –V standard power option only. For the –V standard power option devices, you must connect the PWRMGT_SCL and PWRMGT_SDA pins in both the Power Management BUS (PMBus™) master and PMBus slave modes. An additional PWRMGT_ALERT pin is required when you configure the Intel^® Stratix^® 10 device in the PMBus slave mode. All connections required must be set up on the circuit board and in the Intel^® Quartus^® Prime software.

For more information about how to connect these pins on the circuit board, refer to the Intel^® Stratix^® 10 Device Family Pin Connection Guidelines.

For instructions to set up the connection in the Intel^® Quartus^® Prime software, refer to the Specifying Parameters and Options.

Note: Intel^® Stratix^® 10 standard power devices (–1V, –2V, –3V power grade) are SmartVID devices. The core voltage supplies (V_CC and V_CCP) for each SmartVID device must be driven by a PMBus-compliant voltage regulator dedicated to the Intel^® Stratix^® 10 –V device that is connected to that Intel^® Stratix^® 10 device via PMBus. For Intel^® Stratix^® 10 standard power devices, use of a PMBus-compliant voltage regulator for each device is mandatory. Intel^® Stratix^® 10 devices will not configure or function correctly if the core voltage is driven by a non-PMBus compliant regulator with a fixed output voltage.

Intel programs the optimum voltage level required by each individual Intel^® Stratix^® 10 device into a fuse block during device manufacturing. The Secure Device Manager (SDM) Power Manager reads these values and can communicate them to an external power regulator or a system power controller through the PMBus interface.

The SmartVID feature allows a power regulator to provide the Intel^® Stratix^® 10 device with V_CC and V_CCP voltage levels that maintain the performance of the specific device speed grade. When the SmartVID feature is used:

Intel^® Stratix^® 10 devices are initially powered up to a nominal voltage level of 0.9V for both V_CC and V_CCP .
After the VID-fused value in the Intel^® Stratix^® 10 device is determined and propagated to the external voltage regulator, both the V_CC and V_CCP voltages are regulated based on the VID-fused value.

2.2.1.1. SmartVID Feature Implementation in Intel Stratix 10 Devices

Devices supporting the SmartVID feature have a VID-fused value programmed into a fuse block during device manufacturing. The VID-fused value represents a voltage level in the range of 0.8V to 0.94V. Each device has its own specific VID-fused value.

The VID-fused value is sent to the external regulator or system power controller through the PMBus interface. Upon receiving the VID-fused value, an adjustable regulator tunes the V_CC and V_CCP voltage levels to the voltage specified by the VID-fused value.

Intel^® Stratix^® 10 devices perform the SmartVID setup in the early stage of the configuration process. The SmartVID process will continue to monitor the V_CC and V_CCP voltage rails in user mode. The Power Manager monitors the temperature and adjusts the voltage when required. For more information, refer to the Temperature Compensation section.

Table 1. SmartVID Regulator Requirements
Specification	Value
Voltage range	0.8 V – 0.94 V
Voltage step	10 mV
Ramp time	Non-CvP—10 mV/10 ms to 10 mV/20 µs Configuration via Protocol (CvP)—10 mV/60 µs to 10 mV/20 µs ¹

Table 2. Supported Voltage Output Format for Intel^® Stratix^® 10 Devices with the –V Power Option
Voltage Output Format	Operating Modes
Voltage Output Format	PMBus Master Mode	PMBus Slave Mode
Linear mode	Yes	No
VID mode	No	No
Direct mode	Yes	Yes, with coefficient m=1, b=0, and R=0

¹ When the system is required to support the CvP functionality and meet the PCI Express* ( PCIe* ) link-up timing budget during the initial power up, the minimum ramp time is 10 mV/60 µs.

2.2.1.2. SDM Power Manager

Figure 2. SDM Power Manager Block Diagram

In Intel^® Stratix^® 10 devices, the SmartVID feature is managed by the SDM subsystem. The SDM subsystem is powered up after V_CC and V_CCP voltage levels are powered up to 0.9V. The SDM Power Manager reads the VID-fused value and communicates this value to the external voltage regulator through the PMBus interface.

The SDM Power Manager has the following stages:

Initial/Shutdown stage
- Sets the external voltage regulator to supply power to V_CC and V_CCP to the voltage level based on the VID-fused value and the device temperature.
- Configures the FPGA and switches the FPGA to user mode.
Monitor stage
- Monitors temperature and updates the V_CC and V_CCP.

The shutdown stage is triggered during device reconfiguration.

2.2.1.2.1. PMBus Master Mode

In the PMBus master mode, during the initial stage, the SDM Power Manager powers up the V_CC and V_CCP to the voltage level based on the VID-fused value and the device temperature before it starts to configure the FPGA. After entering the user mode (in the monitor stage), the SDM Power Manager monitors temperature changes and decides if the V_CC and V_CCP output voltage values need to be updated. If voltages require updating, the SDM Power Manager identifies the voltage value based on the fuse values and the current temperature and sends the desired voltage value to the voltage regulators through the PMBus (PWRMGT_SCL and PWRMGT_SDA).

Note: The PMBus mode only supports the 1.8-V I/O standard.

Figure 3. PMBus Master Mode

Table 3. Supported Commands for the PMBus Master Mode
Command Name	Command Code	PMBus Transaction Type	Number of Bytes
`PAGE` ²	00h	Write byte	1
`VOUT_MODE` ³	20h	Read byte	1
`VOUT_COMMAND`	21h	Write word	2
`READ_VOUT`	8Bh	Read word	2
`MFR_ADC_CONTROL` ⁴	D8h	Write byte	1

Multi-Master Mode

The PMBus master mode supports the multi-master mode.

When multiple devices start to communicate at the same time, the device writing the most zeros to the bus or the slowest device wins the arbitration. The other devices immediately discontinue any operation on the bus. When there is an on-going bus communication, all devices must detect the communication and not interrupt it. The devices must wait for a stop condition to appear before starting communication to the bus.

In this mode, all master devices must be multi masters in a multi-master system. Single-master systems may not understand the arbitration and the busy detection mechanisms can cause unpredictable results.

² This is an optional command. This command is only applicable if you enable the PAGE command parameter. For more information, refer to the Power Management and VID Parameters section.

³ This is an optional command. This command is only applicable if you select the Auto discovery in the voltage output format parameter. For more information, refer to the Power Management and VID Parameters section.

⁴ This command is sent when you set the device type to LTM4677 only.

2.2.1.2.2. PMBus Slave Mode

Intel^® Stratix^® 10 devices can also be configured in the PMBus slave mode with an external power management controller acting as the PMBus master. When you configure the Intel^® Stratix^® 10 device in the PMBus slave mode, you must connect an additional PWRMGT_ALERT pin while connecting the existing PWRMGT_SCL and PWRMGT_SDA pins.

Note: The PMBus mode only supports the 1.8-V I/O standard.

The external PMBus master must poll the state of the PWRMGT_ALERT pin periodically, at an interval not longer than 100ms. When the PWRMGT_ALERT pin is asserted, the external master uses the Alert Response Address (ARA) flow to de-assert the ALERT signal and responds based on the STATUS_BYTE. The external master must also issue the VOUT_COMMAND every 200ms or less to check for a possible change in the target voltage due to temperature compensation.

Note: The same VOUT_COMMAND is used for reading the target voltage from the SDM or setting the voltage regulator to the new target voltage. When the Intel^® Stratix^® 10 device operates in the PMBus slave mode, the external master sends the VOUT_COMMAND to the SDM to get the target voltage required by the SDM. The external master then sends a VOUT_COMMAND to the voltage regulator to set its voltage.

Figure 4. PMBus Slave Mode

Table 4. Supported Commands for the PMBus Slave Mode
Command Name	Command Code	Default	PMBus Transaction Type	Number of Bytes
`CLEAR_FAULTS`	03h	—	Send byte	0
`VOUT_MODE`	20h	40h	Read byte	1
`VOUT_COMMAND`	21h	—	Read word	2
`STATUS_BYTE`	78h	00h	Read byte	1

Figure 5. External PMBus Master Software Flow

Table 5. Stage Flow for the External PMBus Master when the `ALERT` Signal is Asserted and `STATUS_BYTE`=0
Sequence	SDM	PMBus Master	Notes
1	Asserts the `ALERT` signal	—	—
2	—	Detects the `ALERT` signal	—
3	—	Initiates the ARA flow	—
4	Responds to the ARA flow and provides its address	—	Only the device which has asserted the `ALERT` signal in step 1 responds to the ARA flow by providing its address.
5	De-asserts the `ALERT` signal	—	The `ALERT` signal is only de-asserted after the SDM responds with its address in the ARA flow.
6	—	Reads the `STATUS_BYTE`	—
7	Returns `STATUS_BYTE`=0	—	Indicates the FPGA voltage requires an update.
8	—	Sends `CLEAR_FAULTS`	—
9	—	Sends `VOUT_COMMAND`	The `VOUT_COMMAND` must be received by the SDM within 200ms after the `ALERT` signal is asserted. Failure to meet this requirement will cause configuration error. ⁵
10	Receives the `VOUT_COMMAND`, responds with the target voltage	—	Calculated based on the temperature, the VID fuse and the coefficient for the direct format (you need to specify this input).
11	—	Sets the voltage regulator to the target voltage in step size not greater than 10mV/10ms step	—

Table 6. Stage Flow for the External PMBus Master when the `ALERT` Signal is Asserted and `STATUS_BYTE` is not equal to 0
Sequence	SDM	PMBus Master	Notes
1	Asserts the `ALERT` signal	—	The SDM detects fault and asserts the `ALERT` signal. ⁶
2	—	Detects the `ALERT` signal	—
3	—	Initiates the ARA flow	—
4	Responds to the ARA flow and provides its address	—	Only the device which has asserted the `ALERT` signal in step 1 responds to the ARA flow by providing its address.
5	De-asserts the `ALERT` signal	—	The `ALERT` signal is only de-asserted after the SDM responds with its address in the ARA flow.
6	—	Reads the `STATUS_BYTE`	—
7	Returns the `STATUS_BYTE` when not equal to 0	—	Indicates that other fault has occurred
8	—	Sends `CLEAR_FAULTS`	To reset the `STATUS_BYTE`.
9	—	Reads the `STATUS_BYTE`	To confirm that `STATUS_BYTE`=0
10	—	External master to handle the faults	—

Figure 6. Handshake between the External PMBus Master and FPGA in the PMBus Slave Mode Timing Diagram

The Intel^® Stratix^® 10 device in the PMBus slave mode will be sending the VOUT_COMMAND value in the direct format only. To read the actual voltage value, use the following equation to convert the VOUT_COMMAND value from the Intel^® Stratix^® 10 device.

Figure 7. Direct Format Equation

The equation shows how to convert the direct format value where:

X, is the calculated, real value units in mV;
m, is the slope coefficient, a 2-byte two's complement integer;
Y, is the 2-byte two's complement integer received from the Intel^® Stratix^® 10 device;
b, is the offset, a 2-byte two's complement integer;
R, is the exponent, a 1-byte two's complement integer

The following example shows how an external power management controller retrieves values from the Intel^® Stratix^® 10 device. Coefficients used in the VOUT_COMMAND are as follows:

m = 1
b = 0
R = 0

If the external power management controller retrieved a value of 0384h, it is equivalent to the following:

X = (1/1) x (0384h x 10^-0 - 0) = 900 mV = 0.90 V

⁵ When there is an error triggered by the SDM because it did not receive the VOUT_COMMAND within the specified time, you must power cycle the device to recover from the error. If you do not power cycle the device to recover from the error, you will not be able to configure the device successfully.

⁶

The following faults can raise the ALERT signal:

PMBUS_ERR_RD_TOO_MANY_BYTES (Error with the length of the PMBus/I2C message length)
PMBUS_ERR_WR_TOO_MANY_BYTES (Error with the length of the PMBus/I2C message length)
PMBUS_ERR_UNSUPPORTED_CMD (VOUT_COMMAND, VOUT_MODE, READ_STATUS, and CLEAR_FAULTS are the only supported commands in the PMBUS Slave Mode)
PMBUS_ERR_READ_FLAG (Received duplicate command before being able to respond to the first command)
PMBUS_ERR_INVALID_DATA (Invalid or malformed PMBus/I2C message)

If any of the above errors are detected, the ALERT signal is raised and bit 1 of the status register is set.

2.2.2. Power-Screened Devices

Intel^® Stratix^® 10 power-screened devices are available in –2L and –3X options. Power-screened devices offer lower static power than the SmartVID –V power option devices. The –2L and –3X power-screened devices run at a fixed-voltage supply and do not require using the PMBus regulator.

2.2.3. Temperature Compensation

Intel^® Stratix^® 10 devices are able to compensate for performance degradation at colder temperatures by raising the voltage. While raising the voltage does increase the dynamic power consumption, this is countered by lower leakage at cold temperatures, thus enabling total power consumption at cold temperatures to still be lower than at hot temperatures.

The SmartVID feature supports this dynamic voltage adjustment. The SDM Power Manager checks for temperature changes and updates the new VID value if the temperature crosses the threshold point.

Figure 8. Temperature Compensation for SmartVID for Intel^® Stratix^® 10 Devices—PreliminaryThe SDM monitors the temperature, normally at every 100 ms, and adjusts the voltage by communicating with an external power management system. Adjustment is made by the SDM after the sensor detects the temperature setting is below 10 °C or above 20 °C.

The following shows the process when there is a change in the VID value:

If the Intel^® Stratix^® 10 device operates as the PMBus master, the SDM sends the relevant commands to adjust the voltage of the external voltage regulator using the new VID value.
If the Intel^® Stratix^® 10 device operates as the PMBus slave, the external power management controller gets the new VID value with the VOUT_COMMAND which is issued every 200 ms or less, and set the voltage regulator with the new VID value.

2.2.4. DSP and M20K Power Gating

Power gating of the DSP blocks and M20K memory blocks is enabled via the configuration RAM (CRAM) bits. Intel^® Stratix^® 10 devices support power gating for both DSP blocks and M20K memory blocks. By default, the Intel^® Quartus^® Prime software automatically configures unused DSP blocks and M20K memory blocks to be power gated.

2.2.5. Clock Gating

Clock gating can be used to reduce dynamic power consumption. When an application is idle, its clock can be gated temporarily and ungated based on wake-up events. This is done using user logic to enable or disable the global clock (GCLK) and sector clock (SCLK).

You can perform dynamic power reduction by gating the clock signals of any circuitry not used by the design in the Intel^® Stratix^® 10 devices. The sector clock gating is done at the multiplexer level.

Clock gating a large portion of your FPGA design could cause significant current change over a short time period when the gated circuitry is enabled or disabled. The maximum current step resulting from this clock gating should be sized such that it does not create noise exceeding the maximum allowed AC noise specification, as determined by the PDN decoupling design on your PCB. You can control the current step size by dividing a large gated area into smaller sub-regions and staging those regions to enter or exit power gating sequentially.

2.2.6. Power Sense Line

Intel^® Stratix^® 10 devices support the power sense line feature. VCCLSENSE and GNDSENSE pins are differential remote sense pins used to monitor the V_CC power supply.

You must connect the VCCLSENSE and GNDSENSE pins to the remote sense inputs for all regulators that support the remote voltage sensing feature.

2.3. Power-On Reset Circuitry

The POR circuitry keeps the Intel^® Stratix^® 10 device in the reset state until the power supply outputs are within the recommended operating range.

A POR event occurs when you power up the Intel^® Stratix^® 10 device until all power supplies monitored by the POR circuitry reach the recommended operating range within the maximum power supply ramp time, t_RAMP . If t_RAMP is not met, the Intel^® Stratix^® 10 device I/O pins and programming registers remain tri-stated, which may cause device configuration to fail.

Figure 9. Relationship Between t_RAMP and POR Delay

The Intel^® Stratix^® 10 POR circuitry uses individual detection circuitry to monitor each of the configuration-related power supplies independently. The POR circuitry is gated by the outputs of all the individual detectors.

POR delay is the time from when the POR trips out to the final reset signal.

The Intel^® Stratix^® 10 device is held in the POR state until all power supplies have passed their trigger point. After power supplies have passed the trigger point, the SDM will wait for a configurable delay time and then start device configuration.

2.3.1. Power Supplies Monitored and Not Monitored by the POR Circuitry

Table 7. Power Supplies Monitored and Not Monitored by the Intel^® Stratix^® 10 POR Circuitry
Power Supplies Monitored	Power Supplies Not Monitored
V_CC V_CCERAM V_CCPT V_CCADC V_{CCIO_SDM} V_CCBAT V_{CCL_HPS} ⁷ V_{CCFUSE_GXP} ⁸	V_CCP V_{CCR_GXB} V_{CCT_GXB} V_{CCH_GXB} V_CCIO V_{CCIO_HPS} ⁷ V_{CCA_PLL} V_{CCFUSEWR_SDM} V_{CCPLLDIG_SDM} V_{CCPLLDIG_HPS} ⁷ V_{CCPLL_HPS} ⁷ V_{CCPLL_SDM} V_{CCM_WORD} V_{CCIO_UIB} V_{CCRT_GXE} V_{CCRTPLL_GXE} V_CCIO3V V_{CCH_GXE} V_{CCCLK_GXE} V_{CCRT_GXP} V_{CCH_GXP} V_{CCCLK_GXP} V_CCIO3D ⁹ V_CCIO3C ⁹

Note: Intel^® recommends you to connect V_CCBAT to a 1.8V power supply if you do not use the design security feature in Intel^® Stratix^® 10 devices.

⁷ These are only supported by system-on-a-chip (SoC) FPGA.

⁸ This power rail will not gate SDM power up, but it will gate FPGA configuration.

⁹ Applies to the 1SG040 and 1SX040 devices only.

2.4. Power Sequencing Considerations for Intel Stratix 10 Devices

The Intel^® Stratix^® 10 devices require a specific power-up and power-down sequence. This section describes several power management options and discusses proper I/O management during device power-up and power-down. Design your power supply solution to properly control the complete power sequence.

The requirements in this section must be followed to prevent unpredictable current draw to the FPGA device, which can potentially impact the I/O functionality. Intel^® Stratix^® 10 devices do not support 'Hot-Socketing' except under the conditions stated in the table below. The table below also shows what the unpowered pins can tolerate during power-up and power-down sequences.

The I/O pins are tri-stated with a weak pull-up during power up.

Table 8. Pin Tolerance—Power-Up/Power-Down'√' is Acceptable; '—' is Not Applicable.
Pin Type	Power-Up				Power-Down
Pin Type	Tristate	Drive to GND	Drive to VCCIO	Driven with < 1.0 Vp-p	Tristate	Drive to GND	Drive to VCCIO	Driven with < 1.0 Vp-p
3VIO banks	√	—	—	—	√	√	—	—
LVDS I/O banks	√	√	√¹⁰	—	√	√	√¹⁰	—
Differential Transceiver pins	√	√	—	√¹¹	√	√	—	√¹¹

¹⁰ The maximum current allowed through any LVDS I/O bank pin when the device is unpowered or during power up/down conditions = 10 mA (refer to "LVDS I/O Pin Guidance for Unpowered FPGA Pins").

¹¹ This applies to Intel^® Stratix^® 10 L-Tile/H-Tile only (refer to "Transceiver Pin Guidance for Unpowered FPGA Transceiver Pins").

2.4.1. Power-Up Sequence Requirements for Intel Stratix 10 Devices

Note: To satisfy the power-up requirements, program the FPGA device immediately after the power-up sequence completes.

The power rails in Intel^® Stratix^® 10 devices are each divided into three groups. Refer to the Intel^® Stratix^® 10 Device Family Pin Connection Guidelines and AN692: Power Sequencing Considerations for Intel^® Cyclone^® 10 GX, Intel^® Arria^® 10, and Intel^® Stratix^® 10 Devices for additional details.

The diagram below illustrates the voltage groups of the Intel^® Stratix^® 10 devices and their required power-up sequence.

Figure 10. Power-Up Sequence for Intel^® Stratix^® 10 Devices

Note: VCCBAT is not in any of the groups below. VCCBAT does not have any sequence requirements. VCCBAT holds the contents of the security keys.

Table 9. Voltage Rails
Power Group	Intel^® Stratix^® 10 GX and SX (L-Tile and H-Tile)	Intel^® Stratix^® 10 MX (HBM, H-Tile, and E-Tile)	Intel^® Stratix^® 10 TX (H-Tile and E-Tile)	Intel^® Stratix^® 10 DX (E-Tile and P-Tile)
Group 1	V_CC V_CCP V_CCERAM V_{CCR_GXB} V_{CCT_GXB} V_{CCL_HPS} V_{CCPLLDIG_SDM} V_{CCPLLDIG_HPS}	V_CC V_CCP V_CCERAM V_{CCR_GXB} V_{CCT_GXB} V_{CCPLLDIG_SDM} V_{CCRT_GXE} V_{CCRTPLL_GXE}	V_CC V_CCP V_CCERAM V_{CCR_GXB} V_{CCT_GXB} V_{CCL_HPS} V_{CCPLLDIG_SDM} V_{CCPLLDIG_HPS} V_{CCRT_GXE} V_{CCRTPLL_GXE}	V_CC V_CCP V_CCERAM V_{CCFUSE_GXP} ¹² V_{CCRT_GXP} V_{CCL_HPS} V_{CCPLLDIG_SDM} V_{CCPLLDIG_HPS} V_{CCRT_GXE} V_{CCRTPLL_GXE}
Group 2	V_CCPT V_{CCH_GXB} V_{CCA_PLL} V_{CCPLL_HPS} V_{CCPLL_SDM} V_CCADC	V_CCPT V_{CCH_GXB} V_{CCA_PLL} V_{CCPLL_SDM} V_CCADC V_{CCM_WORD} ¹³ V_{CCH_GXE} V_{CCCLK_GXE}	V_CCPT V_{CCH_GXB} V_{CCA_PLL} V_{CCPLL_HPS} V_{CCPLL_SDM} V_CCADC V_{CCH_GXE} V_{CCCLK_GXE}	V_CCPT V_{CCA_PLL} V_{CCPLL_HPS} V_{CCPLL_SDM} V_CCADC V_{CCM_WORD} ¹³ V_{CCH_GXP} V_{CCCLK_GXP} V_{CCH_GXE} V_{CCCLK_GXE}
Group 3	V_CCIO ¹⁴ V_CCIO3V ¹⁴ V_{CCIO_SDM} ¹⁴ V_{CCIO_HPS} ¹⁴ V_{CCFUSEWR_SDM} V_CCIO3D ¹⁵	V_CCIO V_CCIO3V V_{CCIO_SDM} V_{CCIO_UIB} ¹³ V_{CCFUSEWR_SDM}	V_CCIO V_CCIO3V V_{CCIO_SDM} V_{CCIO_HPS} V_{CCFUSEWR_SDM}	V_CCIO V_{CCIO_SDM} V_{CCIO_HPS} V_{CCIO_UIB} ¹³ V_{CCFUSEWR_SDM}
Group 4	V_CCIO3C ¹⁵	—	—	—

All power rails in Group 1 must ramp up (in any order) to a minimum of 90% of their respective nominal voltage before the power rails from Group 2 can start ramping up.

The power rails within Group 2 can ramp up in any order after the last power rail in Group 1 ramps to the minimum threshold of 90% of its nominal voltage. All power rails in Group 2 must ramp to a minimum threshold of 90% of their nominal value before the Group 3 power rails can start ramping up.

The power rails within Group 3 can ramp up in any order after the last power rail in Group 2 ramps up to a minimum threshold of 90% of their full value.

Group 4 power rails can ramp up after the last power rail in Group 3 ramps up to a minimum threshold of 90% of their full value.

Note: E-tile devices must maintain the voltage rail groupings for the power-up sequencing as listed in the table above. V_{CCCLK_GXE} must be powered up before V_{CCIO_SDM}.

Note: For 1SG040 and 1SX040 devices, VCCIO_3D must be powered up before VCCIO_3C.

Note: Ensure that the newly combined power rails do not cause any driving of unpowered GPIO or transceiver pins.

All power rails must ramp up monotonically. The power-up sequence should meet either the standard or the fast POR delay time. The POR delay time depends on the POR delay setting you use. For the POR specifications of the Intel^® Stratix^® 10 devices, refer to the POR Specifications section in the Intel^® Stratix^® 10 Device Datasheet .

For configuration via protocol (CvP), the total t_RAMP must be less than 10 ms from the first power supply ramp-up to the last power supply ramp-up. Select a fast POR delay setting to allow sufficient time for the PCI Express* ( PCIe* ) link initialization and configuration. For more details about power supply ramp up for the CvP mode, refer to the Intel^® Stratix^® 10 Configuration via Protocol (CvP) Implementation User Guide.

¹² You must always connect VCCFUSE_GXP to VCCERAM on your board.

¹³ Applies to Intel^® Stratix^® 10 MX and DX devices only.

¹⁴ For Intel^® Stratix^® 10 GX and SX devices, these power rails can be combined and shared using the same voltage regulator as the Group 2 power rail V_CCPT if all their voltages are 1.8V.

¹⁵ Applies to the 1SG040 and 1SX040 devices only.

2.4.2. Power-Down Sequence Recommendations and Requirements for Intel Stratix 10 Devices

Intel's FPGAs need to follow certain requirements during a power-down sequence. The power-down sequence can be a controlled power-down event via an on/off switch or an uncontrolled event as with a power supply collapse. In either case, you must follow a specific power-down sequence. Below are four power-down sequence specifications. They are either Recommended (one), Required (two), or Relaxed (one). To comply with Intel^® ’s FPGA Power-Down requirements, the Recommended option is best.

Note: If you cannot follow the Recommended specification, you must follow the Required specification.

Recommended Power-Down Ramp Specification

This is the best option to minimize power supply currents.

Figure 11. Recommended Power-Down Ramp Specification

Power down all power rails fully within 100 ms.
Power down power supplies within the same Group in any order.
Before Group 3 supplies power down, power down all Group 4 supplies within 10% of GND.
Before Group 2 supplies power down, power down all Group 3 supplies within 10% of GND.
Before Group 1 supplies power down, power down all Group 2 supplies within 10% of GND.
The maximum voltage differential between any Group 3 supply and any Group 2 supply is 1.92 V, and only applicable for the 1.8V voltage rails in Group 2.

For Intel^® Stratix^® 10 GX and SX devices, you can combine and ramp down Group 3 power rails with Group 2 power rails if the two groups share the same voltage level and the same voltage regulator as the Group 2 power rails.

Ensure that the newly combined power rails do not cause any driving of unpowered GPIO or transceiver pins.
Ensure that the newly combined power rails do not violate any power-down sequencing specification due to device (third party) leakage; maintain the Required Voltage Differential Specification.

During the power-up/down sequence, the device output pins are tri-stated. To ensure long term reliability of the device, Intel recommends that you do not drive the input pins during this time.

Required Power-Down Ramp Specification

In cases where power supply is collapsing or if the recommended specification cannot be met, the following PDS sequence is required.

Figure 12. Required Power-Down Ramp Specification

Power down all power rails fully within 100 ms.
As soon as possible, disable all power supplies.
- Tri-state Group 1 supplies, and do not drive them actively to GND.
- If possible, drive or terminate Group 2, Group 3, and Group 4 supplies to GND.
Ensure no alternative sourcing of any power supply exists during the power-down sequence; reduce all supplies monotonically and with a consistent RC typical decay.
By the time any Group 1 supply goes under 0.35 V, all Group 2, Group 3, and Group 4 supplies must be under 1.0 V.

Required Voltage Differential Specification

To not excessively overstress device transistors during power-down, there is an additional voltage requirement between any two power supplies between different power groups during power-down:

ΔV < ΔV_nom + 500 mV

Figure 13. Required Voltage Differential Specification

Power down all power rails fully within 100 ms.

For example, if Group 1 Voltage = 0.9 V, Group 2 Voltage = 1.8 V, and Group 3 Voltage = 3.0 V, then:

G3V_nom = 3.0 V G2V_nom = 1.8 V	G2V_nom = 1.8 V G1V_nom = 0.9 V	G3V_nom = 3.0 V G1V_nom = 0.9 V
(G3V – G2V)_nom = 1.2 V	(G2V – G1V)_nom = 0.9 V	(G3V – G1V)_nom = 2.1 V
(G3V – G2V) <= 1.2 V + .5 V	(G2V – G1V) <= 0.9 V + .5 V	(G3V – G1V) <= 2.1 V + .5 V
(G3V – G2V) <= 1.7 V	(G2V – G1V) <= 1.4 V	(G3V – G1V) <= 2.6 V

To meet this voltage differential requirement, ramp down all power supplies as soon as possible according to the Required Power-Down Ramp Specification.

Note: Not following the required power sequence can result in unpredictable device operation and internal high current paths.

Relaxed Power-Down Duration Specification

For supplies being powered down with no active termination, voltage reduction to GND slows down as supply approaches 0 V. In this case, the 100 ms power requirement is relaxed - measure it when supply reaches near GND.

Figure 14. Relaxed Power-Down Duration Specification

Ensure all Group 1 supplies reach < 100 mV within 100 ms.
Ensure all Group 2, Group 3, and Group 4 supplies reach < 200 mV within 100 ms.

2.5. Power Supply Design

The power supply requirements for Intel^® Stratix^® 10 devices will vary depending on the static and dynamic power for each specific use case. The Enpirion portfolio of power management solutions, combined with comprehensive design tools, enable optimized Intel^® Stratix^® 10 device power supply design. The Enpirion portfolio includes power management solutions that are compatible with the multiple interface methods utilized by Intel^® Stratix^® 10 devices and designed to support Intel^® Stratix^® 10 power reduction features such as the SmartVID feature.

Intel^® Stratix^® 10 devices have multiple input voltage rails that require regulated power supplies for their operation. Multiple input rail requirements may be grouped according to system considerations such as voltage requirements, noise sensitivity, and sequencing. The Intel^® Stratix^® 10 Device Family Pin Connection Guidelines provides more detailed recommendations about which input rails may be grouped. The Early Power Estimator (EPE) tool for Intel^® Stratix^® 10 devices also provides input rail power requirements and specific device recommendations based on each specific Intel^® Stratix^® 10 use case. Individual input rail voltage and current requirements are summarized on the “Report” tab. Input rail groupings and specific power supply recommendations can be found on the “Report” and “Enpirion” tabs, respectively.

3. Intel Stratix 10 Power Management and VID Interface Implementation Guide

The Intel^® Stratix^® 10 SDM Power Management Firmware manages the SmartVID configuration and enables the FPGA to power up before you can access the FPGA core.

3.1. Intel Stratix 10 Power Management and VID Interface Getting Started

The Intel^® Stratix^® 10 Power Management and VID interface is installed as part of the Intel^® Quartus^® Prime software.

3.1.1. Specifying Parameters and Options

Follow these steps to specify the Power Management and VID parameters and options.

Create an Intel^® Quartus^® Prime project using the New Project Wizard available from the File menu.
On the Assignments menu, click Device.
On the Device dialog box, click Device and Pin Options.
On the Device and Pin Options dialog box, click Configuration.
On the Configuration page, specify the VID Operation mode. There are two modes available—PMBus Master and PMBus Slave.
Both the PMBus Master and PMBus Slave modes require the PWMGT_SDA and PWMGT_SCL pins. For the PMBus Slave mode, additional PWRMGT_ALERT pin is required. To configure these pins, on the Configuration page, click Configuration Pin Options. For the configuration pin parameters, refer to Table 10.
On the Configuration Pin dialog box, assign the appropriate SDM_IO pin to the power management pins. Click OK.
On the Device and Pin Options dialog box, click Power Management and VID to specify the device settings if your device is in the PMBus Master mode. Click OK. For the power management and VID parameters, refer to Table 11.

This completes the SmartVID setup for the Intel^® Stratix^® 10 device.

3.1.1.1. Configuration Pin Parameters

You can configure the following power management pins using the GUI parameters.

Table 10. Configuration Pin Parameters
Parameters	Value	Description
Use PWRMGT_SCL output	SDM_IO0	This is a required PMBus interface for the power management when the VID operation mode is the PMBus Master or PMBus Slave mode. Disable this parameter for the non-SmartVID device. Intel^® recommends using the SDM_IO14 pin for this parameter.
Use PWRMGT_SCL output	SDM_IO14
Use PWRMGT_SDA output	SDM_IO11	This is a required PMBus interface for the power management when the VID operation mode is the PMBus Master or PMBus Slave mode. Disable this parameter for the non-SmartVID device. Intel^® recommends using the SDM_IO11 pin for this parameter.
	SDM_IO12
	SDM_IO16
Use PWRMGT_ALERT output	SDM_IO0	This is a required PMBus interface for the power management that is used only in the PMBus Slave mode. Disable this parameter for the non-SmartVID device. Intel^® recommends using the SDM_IO12 pin for this parameter. This parameter is an active-low signal.
	SDM_IO9
	SDM_IO12

3.1.1.2. Power Management and VID Parameters

You can use the GUI parameters to configure the Power Management and VID interface if the VID operation is in the PMBus Master mode.

Table 11. Power Management and VID Parameters
Parameters	Value	Description
Bus speed mode ¹⁶	100 KHz	Bus speed mode of PMBus interface when operating in the PMBus Master mode.
Bus speed mode ¹⁶	400 KHz
Slave device type¹⁶	ED8401	Supported device types. Intel^® recommends you to use one of the slave device type listed in the drop-down menu. If you are not using one of the slave device type listed in the drop-down menu, select Other option.
	EM21XX
	EM22XX
	LTM4677
	ISL82XX
	Other
Device address in PMBus Slave mode¹⁷	7-bit hexadecimal value	Device address in the PMBus Slave mode.
Slave device_0 address¹⁶	7-bit hexadecimal value	External power regulator address. This parameter must be non-zero when you are using the PMBus Master mode.
Slave device_1 address¹⁶	7-bit hexadecimal value	External power regulator address.
Slave device_2 address¹⁶	7-bit hexadecimal value	External power regulator address.
Slave device_3 address¹⁶	7-bit hexadecimal value	External power regulator address.
Slave device_4 address¹⁶	7-bit hexadecimal value	External power regulator address.
Slave device_5 address¹⁶	7-bit hexadecimal value	External power regulator address.
Slave device_6 address¹⁶	7-bit hexadecimal value	External power regulator address.
Slave device_7 address¹⁶	7-bit hexadecimal value	External power regulator address.
Voltage output format¹⁶	Auto discovery	The voltage output format when the operation mode is PMBus Master. If the voltage output format is the Auto discovery or Direct format, you must set the following parameters: Direct format coefficient m Direct format coefficient b Direct format coefficient R If the voltage regulator is the Linear format, you must set the Linear format N parameter. ¹⁸
	Direct format
	Linear format
Direct format coefficient m¹⁶	Signed integer: -32768 to 32767	Direct format coefficient m of the slave device type when the operation mode is PMBus Master.
Direct format coefficient b¹⁶	Signed integer: -32768 to 32767	Direct format coefficient b of the slave device type when the operation mode is PMBus Master.
Direct format coefficient R¹⁶	Signed integer: -128 to 127	Direct format coefficient R of the slave device type when the operation mode is PMBus Master.
Linear format N¹⁶	–16 to 15	Output voltage command when the voltage output format is set to the Linear format.
Translated voltage value unit¹⁶	millivolts	Indicates the translated output voltage is in millivolts (mV) or volts (V).
Translated voltage value unit¹⁶	volts
Enable PAGE command¹⁶	Enable	By enabling the PAGE command, the FPGA PMBus Master will use the PAGE command to set all the output channels (0xFF) on registered regulator modules to respond to `VOUT_COMMAND`. If only specified output channels on registered regulator modules must respond to `VOUT_COMMAND`, enter the corresponding page value (0x00 – 0xFF).
Enable PAGE command¹⁶	Disable

¹⁶ This parameter is used for the PMBus Master mode.

¹⁷ This parameter is used for the PMBus Slave mode.

¹⁸ N is the exponent of a 5-bit two's compliment integer.

3.1.1.3. Intel Stratix 10 Power Management and VID Interface QSF Constraint Guide

You can specify the Power Management and VID parameters and options through QSF constraints command.

For the configuration pin parameters, refer to Table 10. For the power management and VID parameters, refer to Table 11.

Specifying the Power Management and VID Parameters through QSF Constraints

set_global_assignment -name USE_PWRMGT_SDA SDM_IO11

set_global_assignment -name USE_PWRMGT_SCL SDM_IO14

set_global_assignment -name PWRMGT_SLAVE_DEVICE_TYPE LTM4677

set_global_assignment -name PWRMGT_SLAVE_DEVICE0_ADDRESS41

set_global_assignment -name PWRMGT_SLAVE_DEVICE1_ADDRESS42

set_global_assignment -name PWRMGT_SLAVE_DEVICE2_ADDRESS43

set_global_assignment -name PWRMGT_SLAVE_DEVICE3_ADDRESS44

set_global_assignment -name PWRMGT_SLAVE_DEVICE4_ADDRESS45

set_global_assignment -name PWRMGT_SLAVE_DEVICE5_ADDRESS46

set_global_assignment -name PWRMGT_SLAVE_DEVICE6_ADDRESS47

set_global_assignment -name PWRMGT_SLAVE_DEVICE7_ADDRESS48

set_global_assignment -name VID_OPERATION_MODE "PMBUS MASTER"

set_global_assignment -name PWRMGT_BUS_SPEED_MODE "100 KHZ"

set_global_assignment -name PWRMGT_PAGE_COMMAND_ENABLE ON

set_global_assignment -name PWRMGT_VOLTAGE_OUTPUT_FORMAT "AUTO DISCOVERY"

set_global_assignment -name PWRMGT_TRANSLATED_VOLTAGE_VALUE_UNIT VOLTS

set_global_assignment -name PWRMGT_PAGE_COMMAND_PAYLOAD xx

4. Intel Stratix 10 Power Management User Guide Archives

If the table does not list a software version, the user guide for the previous software version applies.

Intel^® Quartus^® Prime Version	User Guide
20.1	Intel Stratix 10 Power Management User Guide
19.4	Intel Stratix 10 Power Management User Guide
19.3	Intel Stratix 10 Power Management User Guide
19.2	Intel Stratix 10 Power Management User Guide
18.1	Intel Stratix 10 Power Management User Guide
18.0	Intel Stratix 10 Power Management User Guide
17.1	Intel Stratix 10 Power Management User Guide

5. Document Revision History for the Intel Stratix 10 Power Management User Guide

Document Version	Intel^® Quartus^® Prime Version	Changes
2020.10.16	20.3	Updated the Power-Up Sequence Requirements for Intel^® Stratix^® 10 Devices section to include information for Group 4 power rails. Updated the Power-Down Sequence Recommendations and Requirements for Intel^® Stratix^® 10 Devices section to include information for Group 4 power rails. Updated the Intel^® Stratix^® 10 Power Management and VID Interface QSF Constraint Guide section. Updated the SmartVID value and SmartVID programmed value terms to VID-fused value. Added Figure: Handshake between the External PMBus Master and FPGA in the PMBus Slave Mode Timing Diagram. Updated Figure: Power-Up Sequence for Intel^® Stratix^® 10 Devices. Updated Figure: Recommended Power-Down Ramp Specification. Updated Figure: Required Power-Down Ramp Specification. Updated Figure: Required Voltage Differential Specification. Updated Figure: Relaxed Power-Down Duration Specification. Removed note (2) from Figure: External PMBus Master Software Flow. Updated Table: Configuration Pin Parameters to include SDM_IO9 to the Use PWRMGT_ALERT output parameter. Updated Table: Power Management and VID Parameters to include ED8401, EM21XX, and EM22XX to the Slave device type parameter and to update the description of the Enable PAGE command parameter.
2020.04.30	20.1	Added the Supported Voltage Output Format for Intel^® Stratix^® 10 Devices with the –V Power Option table.
2020.01.23	19.4	Added V_CCIO3D power rail in Group 3 and V_CCIO3C power rail in Group 4 to the Intel^® Stratix^® 10 GX and SX (L-Tile and H-Tile) column of the Voltage Rails table. Added V_CCIO3D and V_CCIO3C power supplies to the Power Supplies Monitored and Not Monitored by the Intel^® Stratix^® 10 POR Circuitry table. Updated the PMBus Slave Mode section. Updated the Power Sequencing Considerations for Intel^® Stratix^® 10 Devices section. Updated the description for the Use PWRMGT_ALERT output parameter in the Configuration Pin Parameters table.
2019.11.05	19.3	Updated the power rails in Table: Voltage Rails: Removed V_{CCM_WORD} and V_{CCIO_UIB} from the Intel^® Stratix^® 10 GX and SX (L-Tile and H-Tile) column. Added V_{CCRT_GXE}, V_{CCRTPLL_GXE}, V_{CCCLK_GXE}, and V_{CCH_GXE} in the Intel^® Stratix^® 10 MX (HBM, H-Tile, and E-Tile) column. Removed V_{CCL_HPS}, V_{CCPLLDIG_HPS}, V_{CCPLL_HPS}, and V_{CCIO_HPS} from the Intel^® Stratix^® 10 MX (HBM, H-Tile, and E-Tile) column. Removed V_{CCM_WORD} and V_{CCIO_UIB} from the Intel^® Stratix^® 10 TX (H-Tile and E-Tile) column.
2019.09.19	19.3	Added support for Intel^® Stratix^® 10 DX variant in Table: Voltage Rails. Added the following power rails to Table: Power Supplies Monitored and Not Monitored by the Intel^® Stratix^® 10 POR Circuitry: V_{CCFUSE_GXP} V_CCIO3V V_{CCH_GXE} V_{CCCLK_GXE} V_{CCRT_GXP} V_{CCH_GXP} V_{CCCLK_GXP}
2019.08.23	19.2	Updated the note for V_CCBAT in the Power Supplies Monitored and Not Monitored by the POR Circuitry section.
2019.07.01	19.2	Added the Multi-Master Mode section. Added ISL82XX device selection in the slave device type parameters in the Power Management and VID Parameters table. Added the Intel^® Stratix^® 10 Power Management and VID Interface QSF Constraint Guide section. Updated the Temperature Compensation section to include details on the SmartVID value change for the PMBus Master and PMBus Slave modes. Updated the Vp-p value in the Pin Tolerance—Power-Up/Power-Down table. Updated the power rails for Group 1, Group 2, and Group 3 in the Voltage Rails table. Updated the Stage Flow for the External Power Management Controller in the PMBus Slave Mode figure. Updated description in step 6 of the Specifying Parameters and Options section. Updated the description of the slave device type parameter in the Power Management and VID Parameters table.
2018.09.26	18.1	Updated the SmartVID details in the Intel^® Stratix^® 10 Power Management Overview section. Added the power-screened devices feature in the Power Reduction Techniques and Features section. Added the Power-Screened Devices section. Updated the SmartVID regulator requirements in the SmartVID Standard Power Devices section. Updated the Power Sequencing Considerations for Intel^® Stratix^® 10 Devices section. Updated the Power-Up Sequence Requirements for Intel^® Stratix^® 10 Devices section to provide more information on the Group 2 and Group3 power rails sharing. Updated the PMBus Master Mode and PMBus Slave Mode figures. Removed support for the Pulse-Width Modulation (PWM) mode.
2018.05.07	18.0	Added the `MFR_ADC_CONTROL` command to the Supported Commands for the PMBus Master Mode table. Updated the SmartVID section to include information for the `PWRMGT_SCL` and `PWRMGT_SDA` pins. Updated the Stage Flow for the External Power Management Controller in the PMBus Slave Mode figure. Removed the Monitor Stage for the External Power Management Controller in the PMBus Slave Mode figure. Updated the description of the direct format equation in the PMBus Slave Mode section. Updated the Power Supplies Monitored and Not Monitored by the Intel^® Stratix^® 10 POR Circuitry table: Added the V_{CCRT_GXE} and V_{CCRTPLL_GXE} rails Removed the V_{CC_SDM} rail Editorial updates.
2018.02.28	17.1	Added the Supported Commands for the PMBus Slave Mode table. Added a note about the `PWRMGT_ALERT` pin for the PMBus Slave mode in the PMBus Mode section. Added a note about the I/O standards supported in the PMBus mode in the PMBus Mode section. Added recommendation to connect to the `PWRMGT_ALERT` when configuring in the PMBus slave mode in the PMBus Slave Mode section. Added information on the multi-master mode in the PMBus Master Mode section. Added the direct format equation for the PMBus Slave Mode section. Added the Temperature Compensation for SmartVID for Intel^® Stratix^® 10 Devices figure. Updated the SmartVID section to change the nominal voltage to 0.9V. Updated the SmartVID Regulator Requirements table to update the values for the non-CvP and CvP ramp time. Updated the guidelines for the Power Sense Line section. Updated the Power Sequencing Considerations for Intel^® Stratix^® 10 Devices section. Updated the value of slave device addresses in the Power Management and VID Parameters table. Updated the steps in the Specifying Parameters and Options section. Updated the SDM Power Manager section to include the initial/shutdown and monitor stages. Removed the Temperature Compensation for SmartVID for Intel^® Stratix^® 10 Devices table.

Date	Version	Changes
May 2017	2017.05.08	Updated the PowerPlay Early Power Estimator (EPE) to Early Power Estimator. Updated the Power Consumption section to include the standby power. Updated the Power Reduction Techniques section. Updated the SmartVID section to change the nominal voltage to 0.89V. Updated the SmartVID Feature Implementation in Stratix 10 Devices section. Updated the SDM Power Management section. Updated the PMBus Mode section. Updated the PWM Mode section. Updated the Temperature Compensation section. Updated the DSP and M20K Power Gating section. Updated the Clock Gating section. Updated the Power Sense Line section. Updated the Power-On Reset Circuitry section. Updated the Power-Up and Power-Down Sequences section. Updated the Using the SmartVID Feature on V_CC and V_CCP Rails section. Updated the Power Supply Design section. Updated the Specifying Parameters and Options section. Added the Temperature Compensation for SmartVID for Stratix 10 Devices table. Updated the CvP's ramp time in the SmartVID Regulator Requirements table. Updated the Power Supplies Monitored and Not Monitored by the Stratix 10 POR Circuitry table to include the HPS power supplies. Updated the Power Groups Ramping Sequence table. Updated the Configuration Pin Parameters table. Updated the Power Management and VID Parameters table. Updated the Configuration Pin Parameters table. Updated the Power Management and VID Parameters table. Updated the SDM Power Management Block Diagram figure. Updated the PMBus Master Mode figure. Updated the PMBus Slave Mode figure. Updated the Power-Up and Power-Down Sequences Requirement for Stratix 10 Devices figure.
October 2016	2016.10.31	Initial release.