Intel SoC FPGA Embedded Development Suite User Guide
Version Information
| Updated for: |
|---|
| Intel® Quartus® Prime Design Suite 19.1 |
1. Introduction to the Intel SoC FPGA EDS SoC FPGA Embedded Development Suite
The SoC EDS contains development tools, utility programs, run-time software, and application examples that enable firmware and application software development on Intel® SoC hardware platforms.
- SoC EDS Standard Edition —The SoC EDS Standard Edition targets the Arria® V SoC, Cyclone® V SoC, and Intel® Arria® 10 SoC and must be used only with FPGA projects created in Intel® Quartus® Prime Standard Edition. Although the Intel® FPGA SoC devices and Intel® Quartus® Prime Standard Edition support Intel® Arria® 10 SoC, it is recommended to use the SoC EDS Professional Edition of both tools for new Intel® Arria® 10 SoC Projects.
-
SoC EDS Professional Edition
—The SoC EDS Professional Edition targets the
Intel®
Arria® 10 SoC
and the
Intel®
Stratix® 10 SoC
and must be used only with FPGA projects created in
Intel®
Quartus® Prime Pro Edition.Note: The SoC EDS Professional Edition does not support Cyclone® V SoC and Arria® V SoC, as they are not supported by Intel® Quartus® Prime Pro Edition.
1.1. Tool Versions
| Tool | Version |
|---|---|
| Mentor Graphics* BareMetal GCC Compiler | 6.2.0 (Sourcery CodeBench Lite 2016.11-88) |
| Linux* Compiler | 4.8.3 (Linaro* GCC 4.8-2014.04) |
| Arm* Compiler 5 | 5.06 update 6 |
| Arm* Compiler 6 | 6.10.1 |
| Arm* Development Studio 5* (DS-5*) Intel® SoC FPGA Edition | 5.29.2 |
1.2. Differences Between Standard and Professional Editions
The main difference between the two different editions exists in the SoC devices that are supported, as mentioned in the previous section.
- The default installation paths are different between editions. For details on the default installation paths, refer to the "Installing the Intel® SoC FPGA EDS" chapter.
- There are no licensing differences between SoC EDS editions. The same DS-5* Intel® SoC FPGA Edition License works for both Standard and Pro editions. For details about licensing, refer to the " Intel® SoC FPGA EDS Licensing" chapter.
1.3. Overview
- Board bring-up
- Device driver development
- Operating system (OS) porting
- BareMetal application development and debugging
- OS- and Linux*-based application development and debugging
- Debug systems running symmetric multiprocessing (SMP)
- Debug software targeting soft IP residing on the FPGA portion of the device
- Arm* Development Studio 5* Intel® SoC FPGA Edition AE Toolkit
- Compiler tool
chains:
- BareMetal GNU Compiler Collection (GCC) tool chain from Mentor Graphics*
- Arm* BareMetal compiler 5
- Arm* BareMetal compiler 6
- Linux* GCC compiler tool chain from Linaro*
- SoC Hardware Library (HWLIB)
- Hardware-to-software interface utilities:
- Second stage bootloader generator
- Linux* device tree generator
- Sample applications
- Golden Hardware
Reference Designs (GHRD) including:
- FPGA hardware project
- FPGA hardware SRAM Object File (.sof) file
- Precompiled
Bootloaders
- Preloader and bootloader for Arria® V SoC and Cyclone® V SoC
- Bootloader for Intel® Arria® 10 SoC
- Bootloader for Intel® Stratix® 10 SoC
- Embedded command shell allowing easy invocation of the included tools
- SD Card Boot Utility
- Intel® Quartus® Prime Programmer and Signal Tap
1.3.1. Linux Device Tree Binary
- Cyclone® V SoC: <SoC EDS installation directory>/examples/hardware/cv_soc_devkit_ghrd/soc_system.dtb
- Arria® V SoC: <SoC EDS installation directory>/examples/hardware/av_soc_devkit_ghrd/ghrd_5astfd5k3.dtb
- Intel® Arria® 10 SoC: <SoC EDS installation directory>/examples/hardware/a10_soc_devkit_ghrd/ghrd_10as066n2.dtb
1.3.2. Intel Stratix 10 SoC Stratix 10 Golden Hardware Reference Design
mkdir s10_soc_devkit_ghrd cd s10_soc_devkit_ghrd tar xf $SOCEDS_DEST_ROOT/examples/hardware/ \ s10_soc_devkit_ghrd/tgz/*.tar.gz sed -i 's/QUARTUS_DEVICE := 1SX280LU2F50E2VG/QUARTUS_DEVICE \ := 1SX280LU2F50E2VGS2/g' Makefile make clean make scrub_clean rm -rf output_files qsys_top subsys_periph subsys_jtg_mst \ ip/qsys_top/ ip/subsys_jtg_mst/ ip/subsys_periph/ *.qsys *.qpf *.qsf make generate_from_tcl make sof
1.4. Hardware and Software Development Roles
Depending on your role in hardware or software development, you need a different subset of the SoC EDS toolkit. The following table lists some typical engineering development roles and indicates the tools that each role typically requires.
For more information about each of these tools, refer to the Intel SoC FPGA Embedded Development Suite page.
|
Tool |
Hardware Engineer |
BareMetal Developer |
RTOS Developer |
Linux* Kernel and Driver Developer |
Linux* Application Developer |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Arm* DS-5* Intel® SoC FPGA Edition Debugging |
√ | √ | √ | √ | √ |
|
Arm* DS-5* Intel® SoC FPGA Edition Tracing |
√ | √ | √ | ||
|
Arm* DS-5* Intel® SoC FPGA Edition Cross Triggering |
√ | √ | √ | ||
|
Hardware Libraries |
√ | √ | √ | ||
|
Second Stage Bootloader Generator |
√ | √ | √ | √ | |
|
Flash Programmer |
√ | √ | √ | √ | |
|
BareMetal Compiler |
√ | √ | √ | √ | |
|
Linux* Compiler |
√ | √ | |||
|
Linux* Device Tree Generator |
√ |
1.4.1. Hardware Engineer
As a hardware engineer, you typically design the FPGA hardware in Platform Designer (Standard). You can use the debugger of Arm* DS-5* Intel® SoC FPGA Edition AE to connect to the Arm* cores and test the hardware. A convenient feature of the DS-5 debugger is the soft IP register visibility, using Cortex Microcontroller Software Interface Standard (CMSIS) System View Description (.svd) files. With this feature, you can easily read and modify the soft IP registers from the Arm* side.
As a hardware engineer, you may generate the Preloader for your hardware configuration. The Preloader is a piece of software that configures the HPS component according to the hardware design.
As a hardware engineer, you may also perform the board bring-up. You can use Arm* DS-5* Intel® SoC FPGA Edition debugger to verify that they can connect to the Arm and the board is working correctly.
These tasks require JTAG debugging, which is enabled only in the Arm* DS-5* Intel® SoC FPGA Edition, which is part of the paid Intel Intel® SoC FPGA EDS license.
For more information, refer to the Intel® SoC FPGA EDS Licensing section.
1.4.2. BareMetal and RTOS Developer
As a BareMetal or a RTOS developer, you need JTAG debugging and low-level visibility into the system. The following tasks require JTAG debugging, which is enabled only in the Arm* DS-5* Intel® SoC FPGA Edition.
- To compile your code and the SoC Hardware Library to control the hardware in a convenient and consistent way, use the BareMetal compiler.
- To program the flash memory on the target board, use the Flash Programmer.
For more information, see the "Licensing" section.
1.4.3. Linux Kernel and Driver Developer
As a Linux* kernel or driver developer, you may use the same tools the RTOS developers use, because you need low-level access and visibility into the system. However, you must use the Linux* compiler instead of the BareMetal compiler. You can use the Linux* device tree generator (DTG) to generate Linux* device trees.
These tasks require JTAG debugging, which is enabled only in the Arm* DS-5* Intel® SoC FPGA Edition.
For more information, see the "Licensing" section.
1.4.4. Linux Application Developer
As a Linux* application developer, you write code that targets the Linux* OS running on the board. Because the OS provides drivers for all the hardware, you do not need low-level visibility over JTAG. DS-5 offers a very detailed view of the OS, showing information about the threads that are running and the drivers that are loaded.
These tasks do not require JTAG debugging. You can perform these tasks with both the paid and free SoC EDS FPGA licenses. For more information, see the "Licensing" section.
1.5. Hardware – Software Development Flow
The Intel hardware-to-software handoff utilities allow hardware and software teams to work independently and follow their respective familiar design flows.
The following handoff files are created when the hardware project is compiled:
-
Handoff folder – contains information about how the HPS
component is configured, including things like which peripherals are enabled,
the pin MUXing and IOCSR settings, and memory parameters. The handoff folder is
used by the second stage bootloader generator to create the preloader.
For more information about the handoff folder, refer to the "BSP Generation Flow" section.
- .svd file – contains descriptions of the HPS registers and of the soft IP registers on the FPGA side implemented in the FPGA portion of the device. The .svd file contains register descriptions for the HPS peripheral registers and soft IP components in the FPGA portion of the SoC. This file is used by the Arm* DS-5* Intel® SoC FPGA Edition Debugger to allow you to inspect and modify these registers.
-
.sopcinfo file – contains a description of the entire
system. The SOPC Information (.sopcinfo) file, containing
a description of the entire system, is used by the Linux* device tree generator to create the device tree
used by the Linux* kernel. For more information, refer to the "Linux* Device Tree Generator" section.Note: The soft IP register descriptions are not generated for all soft IP cores.Note: For Intel® Stratix® 10 SoC, the handoff information is part of the configuration bitstream, and the bootloader has direct access to it. Because of that there is no need for a Bootloader Generator tool in this case.
1.6. Introduction to the Intel SoC FPGA EDS Revision History
| Document Version | Changes |
|---|---|
| 2019.05.16 |
|
| 2018.09.24 | Updated the Tool versions for Arm* Compiler 6 and Arm* Development Studio 5* (DS-5*) Intel® SoC FPGA Edition |
| 2018.06.18 |
|
| 2017.05.08 |
|
| 2016.11.07 | Maintenance release |
| 2016.05.27 | Renamed the Web and Subscription Editions to align with Quartus Prime naming |
| 2016.02.17 | Maintenance release |
| 2015.08.06 | Added Intel® Arria® 10 SoC support |
2. Installing the Intel SoC FPGA EDS
2.1. Installation Folders
- Standard Edition:
- c:\intelFPGA\19.1\embedded on Windows
- ~/intelFPGA/19.1/embedded on Linux*
- Professional Edition:
- c:\intelFPGA_pro\19.1\embedded on Windows
- ~/intelFPGA_pro/19.1/embedded on Linux*
- Standard Edition:
- c:\intelFPGA\19.1\qprogrammer on Windows
- ~/intelFPGA/19.1/qprogrammer on Linux*
- Professional Edition:
- c:\intelFPGA_pro\19.1\qprogrammer on Windows
- ~/intelFPGA_pro/19.1/qprogrammer on Linux*
2.2. Installing the SoC EDS on Windows
2.2.1. Installing Cygwin on Windows
Starting with SoC EDS v19.1, the Windows* version of SoC EDS requires the Cygwin component to be manually installed. You need to have administrative privileges on the PC in order to perform the Cygwin installation.
The procedure for installing Cygwin is:
- Go to the official Cygwin website https://cygwin.com/.
- Download the 64bit installer (setup-x86_64.exe)
- Open a Windows* Command Prompt.
-
Run the installer in the Command Prompt:
- Press Enter to issue the command and wait until everything is automatically installed
2.3. Installing the SoC EDS on Linux
On some Linux*-based machines, you can install the SoC EDS with a setup GUI similar to the Windows-based setup GUI. Because of the variety of Linux* distributions and package requirements, not all Linux* machines can use the setup GUI. If the GUI is not available, use an equivalent command-line process. Download the Linux* installation program from the Intel SoC FPGA Embedded Development Suite Download Center page on the Intel FPGA website.
2.4. Installing the Arm Development Studio 5 (DS-5) Intel SoC FPGA Edition Arm DS-5 Intel SoC FPGA Edition Toolkit
For the last step of the SoC EDS installation process, start the Arm* Development Studio 5* Intel® SoC FPGA Edition Toolkit installer.
- When the Welcome message is displayed, click Next.
- Accept the license agreement and click Next.
- Accept the default installation path, to ensure proper interoperability between SoC EDS and Arm* Development Studio 5* Intel® SoC FPGA Edition , and click Next.
- Click Install to start the installation process. The progress bar is displayed.
- When a driver installation window appears, click Next.
- Accept the driver installation and click Install.
- After successful installation, click Finish. Arm* Development Studio 5* Intel® SoC FPGA Edition installation is complete.
- Click Finish.
2.5. Installing the Intel SoC FPGA EDS Document Revision History
| Document Version | Changes |
|---|---|
| 2019.05.16 |
|
| 2018.09.24 | Updated the path names for the 18.1 release. |
| 2018.06.18 | Maintenance release |
| 2018.05.07 | Maintenance release |
| 2017.05.08 |
|
| 2016.11.07 | Maintenance release |
| 2016.05.27 | Maintenance release |
| 2016.02.17 | Updated the installation path to 15.1 |
| 2015.08.06 | Added Intel® Arria® 10 SoC support |
3. Intel SoC FPGA EDS Licensing
The only SoC EDS component that requires a license is the Arm* DS-5* Intel® SoC FPGA Edition. The rest of the SoC EDS components, such as tools and software, do not require a license. This is the same for both Standard and Professional editions of SoC EDS.
- Arm* DS-5* Intel® SoC FPGA Edition License
- Arm* DS-5* Intel® SoC FPGA Edition Community Edition License
- 30-day Evaluation of Arm* DS-5* Intel® SoC FPGA Edition License
The following table shows the different debugging capabilities of the Arm* DS-5* Intel® SoC FPGA Edition Licenses:
| Licensing Option | Debugging Scenarios Enabled |
|---|---|
|
Arm* DS-5* Intel® SoC FPGA Edition Community Edition License |
|
|
Arm* DS-5* Intel® SoC FPGA Edition License, including the 30 day evaluation version |
|
- SoC EDS Paid license - using Arm* DS-5* Intel® SoC FPGA Edition license
- SoC EDS Free license - using Arm* DS-5* Intel® SoC FPGA Edition Community Edition license
3.1. Getting the License
Depending on the licensing option, it is necessary to follow the steps detailed for each option to obtain the license.
DS-5* Intel® SoC FPGA Edition Community Edition License - If you are using the SoC EDS Lite Edition, you are able to use the DS-5* Intel® SoC FPGA Edition perpetually to debug Linux* applications over an Ethernet connection. Get your Arm license activation code from the " DS-5* Intel® SoC FPGA Edition Community Edition" section on the DS-5* Intel® SoC FPGA Edition Development Studio page on the Arm website and then activate your license in DS-5* Intel® SoC FPGA Edition, as shown in the "Activating the License" section.
30-Day Evaluation of DS-5* Intel® SoC FPGA Edition License - If you want to evaluate the DS-5* Intel® SoC FPGA Edition, you can get a 30-Day Evaluation activation code from the " DS-5* Intel® SoC FPGA Edition 30-Day Evaluation" section on the DS-5* Intel® SoC FPGA Edition Development Studio page on the Arm website and then activate your license in Arm* DS-5* Intel® SoC FPGA Edition, as shown in the "Activating the License" section.
3.2. Activating the License
This section presents the steps required for activating the license in the Arm* DS-5* Intel® SoC FPGA Edition by using the serial license number or activation code that were mentioned in the "Getting the License" chapter.
-
The first time the
Arm*
DS-5*
Intel® SoC FPGA Edition is run, it notifies you that it
requires a license. Click the Open License
Manager button.
Figure 2. No License Found
-
If at any time it is required to change the license, select
to open the License
Manager.
Figure 3. Accessing Arm* License Manager
-
The
License Manager - View and edit licenses dialog
box opens and shows that a license is not available. Click the
Add License button.
Figure 4. Arm* License Manager
-
In the
Add License - Obtain a new licenses dialog box,
select the type of license to enter. In this example, select the radio button,
“Enter a serial number or activation code to obtain a license”
to enter the choices listed, below. When done, click
Enter.
- Arm* DS-5* Intel® SoC FPGA Edition—Enter the Arm* License Number.
- Arm* DS-5* Intel® SoC FPGA Edition Community Edition and 30-day Evaluation of Arm* DS-5* Intel® SoC FPGA Edition—Enter the Arm License Activation Code.
Figure 5. Add License - Obtain a New License
-
In the
Add License - Choose Host ID dialog box, select
the Host ID (Network Adapter MAC address) to tie the license to. If there are
more than one option, select the one you desire to lock the license to, and
click
Next.
Figure 6. Add License - Choose host ID
-
In the Add License - Developer
account details dialog box, enter an
Arm
developer (Silver) account. If you do not have an account, it can be created
easily by clicking the provided link. After entering the account information,
click Finish.
Figure 7. Add License - Developer Account Details
Note: The License Manager needs to be able to connect to the Internet in order to activate the license. If you do not have an Internet connection, you need to write down your Ethernet MAC address and generate the license directly from the Arm Self-Service web page on the Arm website, then select the "Already have a license" option in the License Manger.Note: Only the Arm* DS-5* Intel® SoC FPGA Edition, with an associated license number can be activated this way. The Arm* DS-5* Intel® SoC FPGA Edition Community Edition and 30-day Evaluation of Arm* DS-5* Intel® SoC FPGA Edition are based on activation codes, and these codes cannot be used on the Arm Self-Service web page on the Arm website. They need to be entered directly in the License Manager; which means an Internet connection is a requirement for licensing.The Arm License Manager uses the Eclipse settings to connect to the Internet. The default Eclipse settings use the system-wide configuration for accessing the Internet. In case the License Manager cannot connect to the Internet, you can try to change the Proxy settings by going to . Ensure that "HTTPS" proxy entry is configured and enabled.
-
After a few moments, the
Arm*
DS-5*
Intel® SoC FPGA Edition
activates the license
and display it in the License Manager.
Click Close.
Figure 8. Arm License Manager
3.3. Intel SoC FPGA EDS Licensing Revision History
| Document Version | Changes |
|---|---|
| 2019.05-16 | Maintenance release |
| 2018.09.24 | Maintenance release |
| 2018.06.18 | Maintenance release |
| 2017.05.08 |
|
| 2016.11.07 | Maintenance release |
| 2016.05.27 | Renamed the Web and Subscription Editions to align with Quartus Prime naming |
| 2016.02.17 | Maintenance release |
| 2015.08.06 | Added Intel® Arria® 10 SoC support |
4. Embedded Command Shell
The purpose of the embedded command shell is to enable you to invoke the SoC EDS tools. It enables you to invoke the SoC EDS tools without qualifying them with the full path. Commands like eclipse, bsp-editor, or arm-altera-eabi-gcc can be executed directly.
<SoC EDS installation directory>\Embedded_Command_Shell.bat
<SoC EDS installation directory>/embedded_command_shell.sh
4.1. Embedded Command Shell Revision History
| Document Version | Changes |
|---|---|
| 2019.05-16 | Maintenance release |
| 2018.09.24 | Maintenance release |
| 2018.06.18 | Maintenance release |
| 2017.05.08 |
|
| 2016.11.07 | Maintenance release |
| 2016.05.27 | Maintenance release |
| 2016.02.17 | Maintenance release |
| 2015.08.06 | Added Intel® Arria® 10 SoC support |
5. Getting Started Guides
- Board Setup
- Running the Tools
- Second Stage Bootloader
- Baremetal Debugging
- Hardware Libraries (HWLibs)
- Peripheral Register Visibility
- Baremetal Project Management
- Linux* Application Debugging
- Linux* Kernel and Driver Debugging
- Tracing
5.1. Getting Started Guides Revision History
| Document Version | Changes |
|---|---|
| 2019.05-16 | Maintenance release |
| 2018.09.24 | Maintenance release |
| 2018.06.18 | Maintenance release |
| 2017.05.08 |
|
| 2016.11.07 | Maintenance release |
| 2016.05.27 | Maintenance release |
| 2016.02.17 | Maintenance release |
| 2015.08.06 | Removed content from this section and moved it to the Intel FPGA Wiki |
6. Arm Development Studio 5 Intel SoC FPGA Edition Arm DS-5 Intel SoC FPGA Edition
For the current version, refer to Table 1.
- File editing, supporting syntax highlighting and source code indexing
- Build support, based on makefiles
- BareMetal debugging
- Linux* application debugging
- Linux* kernel and driver debugging
- Multicore debugging
- Access to HPS peripheral registers
- Access to FPGA soft IP peripheral registers
- Tracing of program execution through Program Trace Macrocells (PTM)
- Tracing of system events through System Trace Macrocells (STM)
- Cross-triggering between HPS and FPGA
- Connecting to the target using Intel® FPGA Download Cable II
The Arm* Development Studio 5* Intel® SoC FPGA Edition is a complex tool with many features and options. This chapter only describes the most common features and options and provides getting started scenarios to help you get started, quickly.
You can access the Arm* Development Studio 5* Intel® SoC FPGA Edition reference material from Eclipse, by navigating to or on the Arm* website.
6.1. Starting Eclipse Arm Development Studio 5 Intel SoC FPGA Edition
Arm* Development Studio 5* Intel® SoC FPGA Edition must be started from the Embedded Command Shell.
Eclipse needs to be started from the Embedded Command Shell so that all the utilities are added to the search path, and they can be used directly from the makefiles without the full path.
To start the Eclipse IDE that the Arm* Development Studio 5* Intel® SoC FPGA Edition uses, you must type eclipse & at the command line.
6.2. BareMetal Project Management
Arm* Development Studio 5* Intel® SoC FPGA Edition enables convenient project management for BareMetal projects using two different methods:
- Using Makefiles
- Using the Arm* Development Studio 5* Intel® SoC FPGA Edition graphical interface
| Method | Advantages | Compiler Toolchain Support |
|---|---|---|
| Makefile | Scripted compilation | GCC |
| Arm* Development Studio 5* Intel® SoC FPGA Edition graphical interface | Multiple toolchain support | GCC, Arm* DS-5* Intel® SoC FPGA Edition Compiler |
6.2.1. BareMetal Project Management Using Makefiles
The Arm* Development Studio 5* Intel® SoC FPGA Edition enables convenient project management using makefiles. The sample projects that are provided with SoC EDS use makefiles to manage the build process.
To allow Arm* Development Studio 5* Intel® SoC FPGA Edition to manage a makefile-based project, create a project, as follows:
-
Create the project by selecting .
Figure 9. Creating a Project with Existing Code
-
Type the folder name in the Existing Code
Location edit box and then click Finish.
Figure 10. Import Existing Code
-
Create a Makefile in that folder, and define the rules required
for compiling the code. Make sure it has the all and the
clean targets.
Arm* Development Studio 5* Intel® SoC FPGA Edition now offers the possibility of invoking the build process from the IDE and allows you to build your project, as shown in the following figure:Figure 11. Eclipse IDE - Build Process Invoked - Building a Software Project in Arm* Development Studio 5* Intel® SoC FPGA Edition
If the compilation tools issue errors, Arm* Development Studio 5* Intel® SoC FPGA Edition parses and formats them for you and displays them in the Problems view.
6.2.2. GCC-Based BareMetal Project Management
6.2.2.1. Creating Project
- Start Eclipse.
- Go to .
-
Determine if you want to create an
Executable
empty project or a BareMetal library
empty project.
-
BareMetal executable
Select Project Type to be then Toolchain to be Intel FPGA Baremetal GCC then click Finish.Figure 12. BareMetal Executable Project Type
-
Static
Library
Select and click Finish.Figure 13. BareMetal Library Project Type
-
BareMetal executable
6.2.2.2. Build Settings
Once the project is created, the project properties can be accessed by going to .
The Build Settings include detailed settings for all tools:
- Compiler
- Assembler
- Linker
The "Getting Started Guides" section in this document contains a link to complete instructions on how to create a project from scratch, compile it and run it on an Intel SoC development board.
6.2.3. Arm Compiler 5 BareMetal Project Management
For the current version, refer to Table 1. The Arm* DS-5* Intel® SoC FPGA Edition can be used to manage Arm* compiler projects in a GUI environment.
6.2.3.1. Creating a Project
- Start Eclipse.
- Go to .
-
Select
one of the following options:
-
Select "Project Type" as and then for "Toolchains", select Arm Compiler 5. Click Finish.
Figure 16. Create an Empty Arm Compiler BareMetal Executable Project
-
Select and then for "Toolchains", select Arm Compiler 5. Click Finish.
Figure 17. Create an Empty Arm Compiler BareMetal Library Project
-
Select "Project Type" as and then for "Toolchains", select Arm Compiler 5. Click Finish.
6.2.3.2. Linker Script
Arm* Development Studio 5* Intel® SoC FPGA Edition offers a visual tool to help create linker scripts.
-
Go to
Figure 18. Creating a Linker Script
-
Select and press .
Figure 19. Creating a Scatter File
-
Select the location of the new file, type in the file name and press
Finish.
Figure 20. Create a New Scatter File Resource
-
The linker script file can be edited directly as shown in the example
below.
Figure 21. Linker Script Example
-
The file can also be edited by using the tools on the Outline view for the
file.
Figure 22. Editing "Scatter.scat" File Using Tools on the Outline View
6.2.3.3. Build Settings
-
Once the project is created, the project properties can
be accessed by going to .
Figure 23. Project Properties
-
Then, in the Project Properties window, the "Compilation"
settings can be accessed by selecting .
Figure 24. Project Settings
The build settings include detailed settings for all tools:- Compiler
- Assembler
- Linker
The "Getting Started with Arm* DS-5* Intel® SoC FPGA Edition Compiler Bare Metal Project Management" contains a link to complete instructions on how to create a project from scratch, compile it and run it on an Intel SoC development board.
6.3. Debugging
The Arm* Development Studio 5* Intel® SoC FPGA Edition offers you a variety of debugging features.
6.3.1. Accessing Debug Configurations
The settings for a debugging session are stored in a Debug Configuration. The Debug Configurations window is accessible from the menu.
6.3.2. Creating a New Debug Configuration
A Debug Configuration is created in the Debug Configurations window by selecting DS-5 Debugger as the type of configuration in the left panel and then right-clicking with the mouse and selecting the New menu option.
In the Arm* Development Studio 5* Intel® SoC FPGA Edition, you can assign a default name to the configuration, which you can edit.
6.3.3. Debug Configuration Options
This section lists the Debug Configuration options, which allows you to specify the desired debugging options for a project:
- Connection Options
- File Options
- Debugger Options
- RTOS Awareness
- Arguments
- Environment
- Event Viewer
6.3.3.1. Connection Options
The Connection tab allows you to select the desired target. You must select the debugging target from the provided options, which cover BareMetal applications, Linux* kernel and Linux* application debugging for all Intel SoC FPGA devices.
The Connections panel looks differently, based on the selected Target. For BareMetal Debug, Linux* Kernel, and Device Driver Debug target types, the following items appear:
- A Target Connection option appears and it allows you to select the type of connection to the target. Intel Intel® FPGA Download Cable and DSTREAM are two of the most common options.
- A DTSL option appears, allowing you to configure the Debug and Traces Services Layer (detailed later).
- A Connections Browse button appears, allowing you to browse and
select either of the specific instances for the connection— Intel
Intel® FPGA Download Cable or the DSTREAM instance.Figure 28. Connection Options for BareMetal, Linux* Kernel and Device Driver Debug
6.3.3.2. Files Options
The Files tab allows the following settings to be configured:
- Application on host to download – the file name of the application to be downloaded to the target. It can be entered directly in the edit box or it can be browsed for in the Workspace or on the File System.
-
Files – contains a set of files. A file can be added to the set using the “+” button, and files can be removed from the set using the “–“ button. Each file can be one of the following two types:
- Load symbols from file – the debugger uses that file to load symbols from it,
- Add peripheral description files from directory – the debugger to load peripheral register descriptions from the .SVD files stored in that directory. The SVD file is a result of the compilation of the hardware project.
6.3.3.3. Debugger Options
The Debugger tab offers the following configurable options
-
Run Control Options
- Option to connect only, debug from entry point or debug from user-defined symbol,
- Option to run user-specified target initialization script,
- Option to run user-specified debug initialization script,
- Option to execute user-defined debugger commands
- Host working directory – used by semihosting
- Paths – allows you to enter multiple paths for the debugger to search for sources. Paths can be added with “+” button and removed with “-“ button.
6.3.3.4. RTOS Awareness
The RTOS Awareness tab allows you to enable RTOS awareness for the debugger.
6.3.3.5. Arguments
The Arguments tab allows you to enter program arguments as text.
6.3.3.6. Environment
The Environment tab allows you to enter environment variables for the program to be executed.
6.3.4. DTSL Options
The Debug and Trace Services Layer (DTSL) provides tracing features. To configure trace options, in your project's Debug Configuration window, in the "Connection" tab, click the Edit button to open the DTSL Configuration window.
6.3.4.1. Cross Trigger Settings
The Cross Trigger tab allows the configuration of the cross triggering option of the SoC FPGA.
The following options are available:
- Enable FPGA > HPS Cross Trigger – for enabling triggers coming from FPGA to HPS
- Enable HPS > FPGA Cross Trigger – for enabling triggers coming from HPS to FPGA
6.3.4.2. Trace Capture Settings
The Trace Capture tab allows the selection of the destination of the trace information. As mentioned in the introduction, the destination can be one of the following:
- None – meaning the tracing is disabled
- ETR – using any memory buffer accessible by HPS
- ETF – using the 32KB on-chip trace buffer
- DSTREAM – using the 4GB buffer located in the DSTREAM
The DSTREAM option is available only if the Target connection is selected as DSTREAM in the Debug Configuration.
The Trace Buffer tab provides the option of selecting the timestamp frequency.
6.3.4.3. Cortex-A9 Settings
The Cortex-A9 tab allows the selection of the desired core tracing options.
The following Core Tracing Options are available:
- Enable Cortex-A9 0 core trace – check to enable tracing for core #0
- Enable Cortex-A9 1 core trace – check to enable tracing for core #1
- PTM Triggers halt execution – check to cause the execution to halt when tracing
- Enable PTM Timestamps – check to enable time stamping
- Enable PMT Context IDs – check to enable the context IDs to be traced
- Context ID Size – select 8-, 16- or 32-bit context IDs. Used only if Context IDs are enabled
- Cycle Accurate – check to create cycle accurate tracing
- Trace capture range – check to enable tracing only a certain address interval
- Start Address, End Address – define the tracing address interval (Used only if the Trace Capture Range is enabled)
6.3.4.4. STM Settings
The STM tab allows you to configure the System Trace Macrocell (STM).
Only one option is available:
- Enable STM Trace – check to enable STM tracing.
6.3.4.5. ETR Settings
The ETR settings allow the configuration of the Embedded Trace Router (ETR) settings.
The Embedded Trace Router is used to direct the tracing information to a memory buffer accessible by HPS.
The following options are available:
- Configure the system memory trace buffer – check this if the ETR is selected for trace destination on the Trace Capture tab.
- Start Address, Size – define the trace buffer location in system memory and its size.
- Enable scatter-gather mode – use when the OS cannot guarantee a contiguous piece of physical memory. The scatter-gather table is setup by the operating system using a device driver and is read automatically by the ETR.
6.3.4.6. ETF Settings
The ETF tab allows the configuration of the Embedded Trace FIFO (ETF) settings.
The Embedded Trace FIFO is a 32KB buffer residing on HPS that can be used to store tracing data to be retrieved by the debugger, but also as an elastic buffer for the scenarios where the tracing data is stored in memory through ETR or on the external DSTREAM device using TPIU.
The following options are available:
- Configure the on-chip trace buffer – check this if ETF is selected for trace destination on the Trace Capture tab.
- Size – define the ETF size. The default size is set to 0x8000 (32KB).
6.4. Arm Development Studio 5 Intel SoC FPGA Edition Arm DS-5 Revision History
| Document Version | Changes |
|---|---|
| 2019.05-16 | Maintenance release |
| 2018.09.24 | Maintenance release |
| 2018.06.18 | Maintenance release |
| 2017.05.08 |
|
| 2016.11.07 | Maintenance release |
| 2016.05.27 | Maintenance release |
| 2016.02.17 | Updated default size in ETF Settings |
| 2015.08.06 | Added Intel® Arria® 10 SoC support |
7. Boot Tools User Guide
7.1. Introduction
The boot flow for all the Intel SoC devices includes a bootloader. The bootloader can have one or two stages. These stages are called FSBL (first stage bootloader) and SSBL (second stage bootloader).
The FSBL needs to fit into the on-chip RAM (OCRAM) and has limited functionality. It performs the tasks of initializing the HPS, bringing up the DDRAM and then loading and executing the next stage in the boot process. The next stage can be the SSBL, the end application, or an Operating System (OS).
The SSBL resides in DDRAM and therefore can have a larger size. Besides the ability to load and execute the next stage in the booting process, it typically offers a lot more functionality such as filesystem support, networking services, and command line interface.
For Cyclone® V SoC, Arria® V SoC, and Intel® Stratix® 10 SoC devices, the bootloader typically has two stages, although for simpler scenarios the first stage is sufficient. For Intel® Arria® 10 SoC devices, the bootloader typically consists of a single stage.
The Cyclone® V SoC and Arria® V SoC FSBL is also known as Preloader.
On Cyclone® V SoC, Arria® V SoC and Intel® Arria® 10 SoC devices, the very first code run by HPS is the BootROM. For Intel® Stratix® 10 SoC devices, the very first code run by HPS is the FSBL which is loaded by Secure Device Manager (SDM).
This chapter presents the tools that are used to enable the bootloader management:
- BSP Generator – enables you to create and manage the bootloader for Cyclone® V SoC, Arria® V SoC and Intel® Arria® 10 SoC devices.
- Bootloader Image Tool ( mkpimage ) — enables you to add the BootROM-required header on top of the bootloader for Cyclone® V SoC, Arria® V SoC and Intel® Arria® 10 SoC devices.
- U-Boot Image Tool ( mkimage )— enables you to add the bootloader-required header on top of the files loaded by bootloader.
This chapter also presents instructions on how to build the bootloader for all the Intel® SoC FPGA devices.
7.2. BSP Generator
The BSP Generator allows you to perform the following tasks:
- Create a new BSP
- Report BSP settings
- Modify BSP settings
- Generate BSP files
The generated BSP includes a makefile, which can be used to build the corresponding bootable Preloader or Bootloader image.
The BSP Generator functionality can be accessed from a Graphical User Interface or by using a set of command line tools, which allow complete scripting of the flow.
7.2.1. BSP Generation Flow
This section presents the BSP generation flow for both the Cyclone® V SoC and Arria® V SoC Preloader and Intel® Arria® 10 SoC Bootloader. While the flows are similar, there are some important differences.
7.2.1.1. Cyclone V SoC and Arria V SoC Flow
For Cyclone® V SoC and Arria® V SoC, the BSP Generator creates a customized BSP with preloader generic source files and board-specific SoC FPGA files. The generator consolidates the hardware settings and user inputs to create the BSP. The BSP files include a makefile to create the preloader image. The preloader image can then be downloaded to a Flash device or FPGA RAM to be used for booting HPS.
The hardware handoff information contains various settings that you entered when creating the hardware design in Platform Designer (Standard) and Intel® Quartus® Prime Standard Edition. These include the following:
- Pin-muxing for the HPS dedicated pins
- I/O settings for the HPS dedicated pins:
- Voltage
- Slew rate
- Pull up/ down
- State of HPS peripherals:
- Enabled
- Disabled
- Configuration of the bridges between HPS and FPGA
- Clock tree settings:
- PLL settings
- Clock divider settings
- Clock gating settings
- DDR settings:
- Technology
- Width
- Speed
The handoff settings are output from the Intel® Quartus® Prime Standard Edition compilation and are located in the <quartus project directory>/hps_isw_handoff/<hps entity name> directory (where <hps entity name > is the HPS component name in Platform Designer (Standard)).
You must update the hardware handoff files and regenerate the BSP each time a hardware change impacts the HPS, such as after pin multiplexing or pin assignment changes.
7.2.1.2. Intel Arria 10 SoC Flow
For Intel® Arria® 10 SoC, the BSP Generator creates a customized BSP consisting of a makefile and a Bootloader Device Tree. There is no source code generated, as all customization is encapsulated in the Bootloader Device Tree and makefile settings. The makefile can be used to create the combined bootloader image, which contains both the bootloader executable and the bootloader device tree. The combined image can then be downloaded to a Flash device or FPGA RAM to be used for booting HPS.
The hardware handoff information contains various settings that you entered when creating the hardware design in Platform Designer (Standard) and Intel® Quartus® Prime Standard Edition. These include the following:
- Pin-muxing for the HPS dedicated pins
- I/O settings for the HPS dedicated pins:
- Voltage
- Slew rate
- Pull up/ down
- Pin-muxing for the shared pins
- State of HPS peripherals:
- Enabled
- Disabled
- Configuration of the bridges between HPS and FPGA
- Clock tree settings:
- PLL settings
- Clock divider settings
- Clock gating settings
The handoff settings are output from the Intel® Quartus® Prime Standard Edition compilation and are located in the <quartus project directory>/hps_isw_handoff directory.
The user must run the BSP Generator and re-generate the Bootloader device tree each time a hardware change results in a change of the above parameters.
However, you does not have to always recompile the Bootloader whenever a hardware setting is changed. The Bootloader needs to be recompiled only when changing the boot source.
7.2.2. BSP Generator Graphical User Interface
You must perform the following steps to use the BSP Generator GUI, bsp-editor:
1. Start an embedded command shell.
2. Run the bsp-editor command in the embedded command shell to launch the BSP Generator GUI.
3. To open and modify an existing BSP project, click and browse to an existing .bsp file.
4. To create a new BSP project, click to open the New BSP dialog box. The New BSP dialog box includes the following settings and parameters:
- Preloader settings directory – the path to the hardware handoff files. The generator inspects the handoff files to verify the validity of this path.
-
Operating system – Select the type of SSBL from the following two options:
- U-Boot SPL Preloader ( Cyclone® V SoC/ Arria® V SoC HPS)
- U-Boot Bootloader or UEFI Bootloader ( Intel® Arria® 10 SoC HPS)
- Version – the SSBL version to use. This release only supports the default 1.0 version.
- Use default locations – checked by default, to derive the location of the BSP from the location of the hardware handoff folder. Uncheck if a custom path is desired instead.
- BSP target directory – the destination folder for new BSP files created by the generator. This document refers to this as <bsp_directory>. The default directory name is spl_bsp for the Arria® V SoC/ Cyclone® V SoC Preloader and uboot_bsp or uefi_bsp for the Intel® Arria® 10 SoC Bootloader. The directory name can be modified when Use default locations is unchecked.
- BSP settings file name – the location and filename of the .bsp file containing the BSP settings.
- Additional .tcl scripting – the location and filename of a .tcl script for overriding the default BSP settings.
5. You can customize the BSP. After creating or opening a .bsp file, access the Settings in the BSP Editor dialog box. The Settings are divided into Common and Advanced settings. When you select a group of settings, the controls for the selected settings appear on the right side of the dialogue box.
When you select a single setting, the setting name, description and value are displayed. You can edit these settings in the BSP Editor dialogue box.
6. Click Generate to generate the BSP.
7. Click Exit to exit the BSP Generator GUI.
7.2.2.1. Using .tcl Scripts
Instead of using the default settings, you can create a tcl script file (.tcl) to define custom settings during BSP creation.
set_setting is the only available .tcl command.
For more information about the list of available settings, refer to the "BSP Settings" section.
The following shows example commands that are used to set parameters in the BSP settings file:
set_setting spl.boot.BOOT_FROM_QSPI true set_setting spl.boot.QSPI_NEXT_BOOT_IMAGE 0x50000
7.2.3. BSP Generator Command Line Interface
The BSP command-line tools can be invoked from the embedded command shell, and provide all the features available in the BSP Generator GUI:
- The bsp-create-settings tool creates a new BSP settings file.
- The bsp-update-settings tool updates an existing BSP settings file.
- The bsp-query-settings tool reports the setting values in an existing BSP settings file.
- The bsp-generate-files tool generates a BSP from the BSP settings file.
7.2.3.1. bsp-create-settings
The bsp-create-settings tool creates a new BSP settings file with default settings. You have the option to modify the BSP settings or generate the BSP files as shown in the following example.
Creating a New BSP Settings File
The following example creates a new Preloader BSP settings file, based on the hardware handoff information and using the default BSP settings:
bsp-create-settings --type spl -–bsp-dir . \ --settings settings.bsp \ --preloader-settings-dir ../../hps_isw_handoff/<hps_entity_name>
| Option | Required | Description |
|---|---|---|
| --type <bsp-type> |
Yes |
This option specifies the type of BSP. Allowed values
are:
|
| --settings <filename> |
Yes |
This option specifies the path to a BSP settings file. The file is created with default settings.Intel recommends that you name the BSP settings file settings.bsp. |
| --preloader-settings-dir <directory> |
Yes |
This option specifies the path to the hardware handoff files. |
| --bsp-dir <directory> |
Yes |
This option specifies the path where the BSP files are generated. When specified, bsp-create-settings generates the files after the settings file has been created.Intel recommends that you always specify this parameter with bsp-create-settings. |
| --set <name> <value> |
No |
This option sets the BSP setting <name> to the value <value>. Multiple instances of this option can be used with the same command. Refer to BSP Settings for a complete list of available setting names and descriptions. |
7.2.3.2. bsp-update-settings
The bsp-update-settings tool updates the settings stored in the BSP settings file, as shown in the following example.
Updating a BSP Settings File
The following command changes the value of a parameter inside the file settings.bsp:
bsp-update-settings --settings settings.bsp --set spl.debug.SEMIHOSTING 1
| Option | Required | Description |
|---|---|---|
| --settings <settings-file> |
Yes |
This option specifies the path to an existing BSP settings file to update. |
| --bsp-dir <bsp-dir> |
No |
This option specifies the path where the BSP files are generated. When this option is specified, bsp-create-settings generates the BSP files after the settings file has been created. |
| --set <name> <value> |
No |
This option sets the BSP setting <name> to the value <value>. Multiple instances of this option can be used with the same command. Refer to BSP Settings for a complete list of available setting names and descriptions. |
7.2.3.3. bsp-query-settings
The bsp-query-settings tool queries the settings stored in BSP settings file, as shown in the following example.
Querying a BSP Settings File
The following command retrieves all the settings from settings.bsp and displays the setting names and values:
bsp-query-settings --settings settings.bsp --get-all --show-names
| Option | Required | Description |
|---|---|---|
| --settings <settings-file> |
Yes |
This option specifies the path to an existing BSP settings file. |
| --get <name> |
No |
This option instructs bsp-query-settings to return the value of the BSP setting <name>. |
| --get-all |
No |
This option shows all the BSP settings values. When using --get-all,you must also use -- show-names. |
| --show-names |
No |
This option only takes effect when used together with --get <name> or --get-all. When used with one of these options, names and values of the BSP settings are shown side- by-side. |
7.2.3.4. bsp-generate-files
The bsp-generate-files tool generates the files and settings stored in BSP settings file, as shown in the following examples.
Generating Files After BSP Creation
bsp-create-settings --type spl --bsp-dir . \ --settings settings.bsp \ --preloader-settings-dir \ ../../hps_isw_handoff/<hps_entity_name> bsp-generate-files --settings settings.bsp --bsp-dir
Generating Files After BSP Updates
bsp-update-settings --settings settings.bsp --set \ spl.debug.SEMIHOSTING 1 bsp-generate-files --settings settings.bsp --bsp-dir
Use the bsp-generate-files tool when BSP files need to be regenerated in one of the following conditions:
- bsp-create-settings created the BSP settings, but the --bsp-dir parameter was not specified, so BSP files were not generated.
- bsp-update-settings updated the BSP settings, but the --bsp-dir parameter was not specified, so the files were not updated.
- You want to ensure the BSP files are up-to-date.
| Option | Required | Description |
|---|---|---|
| --settings <settings-file> |
Yes |
This option specifies the path to an existing BSP settings file. |
| --bsp-dir <bsp-dir> |
Yes |
This option specifies the path where the BSP files are generated. |
7.2.4. BSP Files and Folders
The files and folders created with the BSP Generator are stored in the location you specified in BSP target directory in the New BSP dialog box.
For Cyclone® V SoC/Arria Preloader BSPs, the generated files include the following:
- settings.bsp – file containing all BSP settings
- Makefile – makefile used to compile the Preloader and create the preloader image; for more information, refer to Preloader Compilation
- preloader.ds – Arm* DS-5* Intel® SoC FPGA Edition script, that can be used to download and debug the Preloader on a target device
- generated – folder containing files generated from the hardware handoff files
For Intel® Arria® 10 SoC Bootloader BSPs, for both U-Boot and UEFI, the generated files include the following:
- settings.bsp – file containing all BSP settings
- Makefile – makefile used to compile the Bootloader, convert the Bootloader device tree file to binary, and create the combined Bootloader and Bootloader Device Tree image; for more information, refer to Preloader Compilation
- config.mk – makefile configuration file, containing the boot source selection and whether the Bootloader compilation is selected
- devicetree.dts – Bootloader device tree, containing the Bootloader customization details, derived from the handoff files and you settings
7.2.5. BSP Settings
This section lists all the available BSP settings, which can be accessed from either the Graphical User Interface application (bsp-editor) or from the command line tools (bsp-create-settings, bsp-update-settings, bsp-query-settings).
The available BSP settings are different between Cyclone® V SoC and Arria® V SoC SSBL (Preloader) and Intel® Arria® 10 SoC SSBL (Bootloader).
7.2.5.1. Cyclone V SoC and Arria V SoC BSP Settings
| BSP Setting | Type | Default Value | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| spl.PRELOADER_TGZ |
String |
<SoC EDS installation directory>/host_tools/altera/preloader/uboot-socfpga.tar.gz" |
This setting specifies the path to archive file containing the preloader source files. |
| spl.CROSS_COMPILE |
String |
"arm-altera-eabi-" |
This setting specifies the cross compilation tool chain for use. |
| spl.boot.BOOT_FROM_QSPI |
Boolean |
False |
Select the source for the subsequent boot image. Note that only one source can be active at a time. When using bsp-create-settings or bsp-update-settings, you must turn off the boot option that is currently turned on before you can turn on a different boot option. |
| spl.boot.BOOT_FROM_SDMMC |
Boolean |
True |
|
| spl.boot.BOOT_FROM_RAM |
Boolean |
False |
|
| spl.boot.BOOT_FROM_NAND |
Boolean |
False |
|
| spl.boot.QSPI_NEXT_BOOT_IMAGE |
Hexadecimal |
0x60000 |
This setting specifies the location of the subsequent boot image in QSPI. |
| spl.boot.SDMMC_NEXT_BOOT_IMAGE |
Hexadecimal |
0x40000 |
This setting specifies the location of the subsequent boot image in SD/MMC. |
| spl.boot.NAND_NEXT_BOOT_IMAGE |
Hexadecimal |
0xC0000 |
This setting specifies the location of the subsequent boot image in NAND. |
| spl.boot.FAT_SUPPORT |
Boolean |
False |
Enable FAT partition support when booting from SD/MMC. |
| spl.boot.FAT_BOOT_PARTITION |
DecimalNumber |
1 |
When FAT partition support is enabled, this specifies the FAT partition where the boot image is located. |
| spl.boot.FAT_LOAD_PAYLOAD_NAME |
String |
"u-boot.img" |
When FAT partition supported is enabled, this specifies the boot image filename to be used. |
| spl.boot.WATCHDOG_ENABLE |
Boolean |
True |
This setting enables the watchdog during the preloader execution phase. The watchdog remains enabled after the preloader exits. |
| spl.boot.CHECKSUM_NEXT_IMAGE |
Boolean |
True |
This setting enables the preloader to validate the checksum in the subsequent boot image header information. |
| spl.boot.EXE_ON_FPGA |
Boolean |
False |
This setting executes the preloader on the FPGA. Select spl.boot.EXE_ON_FPGA when the preloader is configured to boot from the FPGA. |
| spl.boot.STATE_REG_ENABLE |
Boolean |
True |
This setting enables writing the magic value to the INITSWSTATE register in the system manager when the preloader exists; this indicates to the BootROM that the preloader has run successfully. |
| spl.boot.BOOTROM_HANDSHAKE_CFGIO |
Boolean |
True |
This setting enables handshake with BootROM when configuring the IOCSR and pin multiplexing. If spl.boot.BOOTROM_HANDSHAKE_ CFGIO is enabled and warm reset occurs when the preloader is configuring IOCSR and pin multiplexing, the BootROM reconfigures IOCSR and pin multiplexing again. This option is enabled by default. |
| spl.boot.WARMRST_SKIP_CFGIO |
Boolean |
True |
This setting enables the preloader to skip IOCSR and pin multiplexing configuration during warm reset. spl.boot.WARMRST_SKIP_CFGIO is only applicable if the boot ROM has skipped IOCSR and pin multiplexing configuration. |
| spl.boot.SDRAM_INITIALIZATION |
Boolean |
False |
Initialize the SDRAM to initialize the ECC bits. |
| spl.boot.SDRAM_ECC_INIT_BOOT_REGION_START |
Hexadecimal |
0x1000000 |
The start address of the memory region within the SDRAM to be initialized. |
| spl.boot.SDRAM_ECC_INIT_BOOT_REGION_END |
Hexadecimal |
0x2000000 |
The end address of the memory region within SDRAM to be initialized. |
| spl.boot.SDRAM_ECC_INIT_REMAIN_REGION |
Boolean |
True |
Initialize the remaining SDRAM, during the flash accesses to load the image. |
| spl.debug.DEBUG_MEMORY_WRITE |
Boolean |
False |
This setting enables the preloader to write debug information to memory for debugging, useful when UART is not available. The address is specified by spl.debug.DEBUG_ MEMORY_ADDR. |
| spl.debug.SEMIHOSTING |
Boolean |
False |
This setting enables semihosting support in the preloader, for use with a debugger tool. spl.debug.SEMIHOSTING is useful when UART is unavailable. |
| spl.debug.SKIP_SDRAM |
Boolean |
False |
The preloader skips SDRAM initialization and calibration when this setting is enabled. |
| spl.performance.SERIAL_SUPPORT |
Boolean |
True |
This setting enables UART print out support, enabling preloader code to call printf() at runtime with debugging information. stdout output from printf() is directed to the UART. You can view this debugging information by connecting a terminal program to the UART specified peripheral. |
| spl.reset_assert.DMA |
Boolean |
False |
When enabled, this setting forces the corresponding peripheral to remain in reset. You must ensure the debugger does not read registers from these components. |
| spl.reset_assert.GPIO0 |
Boolean |
False |
|
| spl.reset_assert.GPIO1 |
Boolean |
False |
|
| spl.reset_assert.GPIO2 |
Boolean |
False |
|
| spl.reset_assert.L4WD1 |
Boolean |
False |
|
| spl.reset_assert.OSC1TIMER1 |
Boolean |
False |
|
| spl.reset_assert.SDR |
Boolean |
False |
|
| spl.reset_assert.SPTIMER0 |
Boolean |
False |
|
| spl.reset_assert.SPTIMER1 |
Boolean |
False |
|
| spl.warm_reset_handshake.FPGA |
Boolean |
True |
This setting enables the reset manager to perform handshake with the FPGA before asserting a warm reset. |
| spl.warm_reset_handshake.ETR |
Boolean |
True |
This setting enables the reset manager to request that the Embedded Trace Router (ETR) stalls the Advanced eXtensible Interface (AXI) master and waits for the ETR to finish any outstanding AXI transactions before asserting a warm reset of the L3 interconnect or a debug reset of the ETR. |
| spl.warm_reset_handshake.SDRAM |
Boolean |
False |
This option allows the SDRAM contents to be preserved
across warm resets.
Note: When using this option, the SDRAM controller is not
completely re-initialized when coming back from warm reset. This may
be a problem whenever the warm reset is generated by the Watchdog as a
consequence of an SDRAM controller failure.
Note: Also the SDRAM PLL is not re-initialized when this
option is enabled and the system comes out of the warm
reset.
|
| spl.boot.FPGA_MAX_SIZE |
Hexadecimal |
0x10000 |
This setting specifies the maximum code (.text and .rodata) size that can fit within the FPGA. If the code build is bigger than the specified size, a build error is triggered. |
| spl.boot.FPGA_DATA_BASE |
Hexadecimal |
0xFFFF0000 |
This setting specifies the base location for the data region (.data, .bss, heap and stack) when execute on FPGA is enabled. |
| spl.boot.FPGA_DATA_MAX_SIZE |
Hexadecimal |
0x10000 |
This setting specifies the maximum data (.data, .bss, heap and stack) size that can fit within FPGA. If the code build is bigger than the specified size, a build error is triggered. |
| spl.debug.DEBUG_MEMORY_ADDR |
Hexadecimal |
0xFFFFFD00 |
This setting specifies the base address for storing preloader debug information enabled with the spl.debug.DEBUG_MEMORY_ WRITE setting. |
| spl.debug.DEBUG_MEMORY_SIZE |
Hexadecimal |
0x200 |
This setting specifies the maximum size used for storing preloader debug information. |
| spl.debug.DEBUG_MEMORY_ADDR |
Hexadecimal |
0xFFFFFD00 |
This setting specifies the base address for storing preloader debug information enabled with the spl.debug.DEBUG_MEMORY_ WRITE setting. |
| spl.debug.HARDWARE_DIAGNOSTIC |
Boolean |
False |
Enable hardware diagnostic support. To enable this, at least 1GB of memory is needed, otherwise hardware diagnostic fails to run properly. |
| spl.boot.RAMBOOT_PLLRESET |
Boolean |
True |
Execute RAM Boot PLL reset code on warm reset when CSEL
= 00. This option is required to enable correct warm reset functionality
when using CSEL = 00. When enabling this option, the upper 4 KB of OCRAM
are reserved and must not be modified by you software.
Note: Enabling this feature with CSEL != 00 does not have
any effect, as the impacted code checks for this.
|
7.2.5.2. Intel Arria 10 SoC BSP Settings
The Intel® Arria® 10 SoC BSP Settings are divided in four different groups:
- Main Group
- MPU Firewall
- L3 Firewall Group
- F2S Firewall Group
The following table presents the settings prefix to be added in front of the setting name for each of the groups. They are presented in a table to make the rest of this section more readable.
| Settings Group | Setting Group Prefix |
|---|---|
|
Main Group |
N/A |
|
MPU Firewall |
For U-Boot: altera_arria10_soc_noc_arria10_uboot_driver.I_NOC.mpu_m0.noc_fw_ddr_mpu_fpga2sdram_ddr_scr. For UEFI: altera_arria10_soc_noc_arria10_uefi_driver.I_NOC.mpu_m0.noc_fw_ddr_mpu_fpga2sdram_ddr_scr. |
|
L3 Firewall Group |
For U-Boot: altera_arria10_soc_noc_arria10_uboot_driver.I_NOC.mpu_m0.noc_fw_ddr_l3_ddr_scr. For UEFI: altera_arria10_soc_noc_arria10_uefi_driver.I_NOC.mpu_m0.noc_fw_ddr_l3_ddr_scr. |
|
F2S Firewall Group |
For U-Boot: altera_arria10_soc_noc_arria10_uboot_driver.I_NOC.mpu_m0.noc_fw_ddr_mpu_fpga2sdram_ddr_scr. For UEFI: altera_arria10_soc_noc_arria10_uefi_driver.I_NOC.mpu_m0.noc_fw_ddr_mpu_fpga2sdram_ddr_scr. |
7.2.5.2.1. Intel Arria 10 SoC Main BSP Settings Group
| BSP Setting | Type | Default Value | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| uboot.boot_device |
String |
SD/MMC |
Select the source for the boot image. Possible values are SD/MMC, QSPI, and NAND. |
| uboot.model |
String |
SOCFPGA Arria10 Dev Kit |
Name of the board to be displayed when bootloader starts. |
| uboot.external_fpga_config | Boolean | False | Configure Uboot to wait early on in the boot sequence to allow the FPGA to be brought to user mode by either a JTAG download or an externally connected flash. |
| uboot.rbf_filename | String | socfpga.rbf | Full FPGA .rbf filename. This setting is ignored when the uboot.external_fpga_config setting is enabled. |
| uboot.rbf_offset | Hexadecimal | 0x720000 | RBF offset address in QSPI Flash. |
| uboot.disable_uboot_build |
Boolean |
False |
Can be used to disable building Uboot, and just generate the Bootloader Device Tree file. |
| uboot.secureboot.enable_bootloader_encryption | Boolean | 0 | Encrypt Bootloader using key file specified. |
| uboot.secureboot.enable_bootloader_signing | Boolean | 0 | Sign Bootloader using the key pair file specified. |
| uboot.secureboot.encryption_key_file | String | encrypt.key | Key file used for Bootloader encryption. |
| uboot.secureboot.encryption_key_name | String | key1 | Key Name to use within Key File for Bootloader Encryption. |
| uboot.secureboot.signing_key_fpga_offset | Hexadecimal | 0x0 | Offset from H2F Bridge Base Address (0xC0000000) to location of root-public-key. |
| uboot.secureboot.signing_key_pair_file | String | root_key.pem | Key Pair File to use when signing is enabled. You can generate this file with the command: 'make generate-signing-key-pair-file'. |
| uboot.secureboot.signing_key_type | String | user | Sign Bootloader using key pair file specified. |
| BSP Setting | Type | Default Value | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| uefi.boot_device |
String |
SD/MMC |
Select the source for the boot image. Possible values are SD/MMC, QSPI, and NAND. |
| uefi.model |
String |
SOCFPGA Arria10 Dev Kit |
Name of the board to be displayed when bootloader starts. |
| uefi.external_fpga_config | Boolean | False | Configure UEFI to wait early on in the boot sequence to allow the FPGA to be brought to user mode by either a JTAG download or an externally connected flash. |
| uefi.rbf_filename | String | socfpga.rbf | Full FPGA .rbf filename. This setting is ignored when the uefi.external_fpga_config setting is enabled. |
| uefi.rbf_offset | Hexadecimal | 0x720000 | RBF offset address in QSPI Flash. |
| uefi.disable_uefi_build |
Boolean |
False |
Can be used to disable building UEFI, and just generate the Bootloader Device Tree file. |
For more information about authentication and encryption, refer to the Intel® Arria® 10 SoC Secure Boot User Guide.
7.2.5.2.2. Intel Arria 10 SoC Bootloader MPU Firewall BSP Settings Group
| BSP Setting1 | Type | Default Value | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| enable.mpuregion0enable |
Boolean |
True |
Enable MPU Firewall Regions |
| enable.mpuregion1enable |
False |
||
| enable.mpuregion2enable |
False |
||
| enable.mpuregion3enable |
False |
||
| mpuregion0addr.base |
Hexadecimal |
0x0 |
MPU Firewall region bases |
| mpuregion1addr.base | |||
| mpuregion2addr.base | |||
| mpuregion3addr.base | |||
| mpuregion0addr.limit |
Hexadecimal |
0xFFFF |
MPU Firewall region limits |
| mpuregion1addr.limit | |||
| mpuregion2addr.limit | |||
| mpuregion3addr.limit |
7.2.5.2.3. Intel Arria 10 SoC Bootloader L3 Firewall BSP Settings Group
| BSP Setting2 | Type | Default Value | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| enable.hpsregion0enable |
Boolean |
True |
Enable L3 Firewall regions |
| enable.hpsregion1enable |
False |
||
| enable.hpsregion2enable |
False |
||
| enable.hpsregion3enable |
False |
||
| enable.hpsregion4enable |
False |
||
| enable.hpsregion5enable |
False |
||
| enable.hpsregion6enable |
False |
||
| enable.hpsregion7enable |
False |
||
| hpsregion0addr.base |
Hexadecimal |
0x0 |
L3 Firewall region bases |
| hpsregion1addr.base | |||
| hpsregion2addr.base | |||
| hpsregion3addr.base | |||
| hpsregion4addr.base | |||
| hpsregion5addr.base | |||
| hpsregion6addr.base | |||
| hpsregion7addr.base | |||
| hpsregion0addr.limit |
Hexadecimal |
0xFFFF |
L3 Firewall region limits |
| hpsregion1addr.limit | |||
| hpsregion2addr.limit | |||
| hpsregion3addr.limit | |||
| hpsregion4addr.limit | |||
| hpsregion5addr.limit | |||
| hpsregion6addr.limit | |||
| hpsregion7addr.limit |
7.2.5.2.4. Intel Arria 10 SoC Bootloader FPGA-to-SDRAM Firewall BSP Settings Group
| BSP Setting3 | Type | Default Value | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| enable.fpga2sdram0region0 |
Boolean |
True |
Enable FPGA-to-SDRAM Firewall regions |
| enable.fpga2sdram0region1 |
True |
||
| enable.fpga2sdram0region2 |
True |
||
| enable.fpga2sdram0region3 |
False |
||
| enable.fpga2sdram1region0 |
False |
||
| enable.fpga2sdram1region1 |
False |
||
| enable.fpga2sdram1region2 |
False |
||
| enable.fpga2sdram1region3 |
False |
||
| enable.fpga2sdram2region0 |
False |
||
| enable.fpga2sdram2region1 |
False |
||
| enable.fpga2sdram2region2 |
False |
||
| enable.fpga2sdram2region3 |
False |
||
| fpga2sdram0region0addr.base |
Hexadecimal |
0x0 |
FPGA-to-SDRAM Firewall region bases |
| fpga2sdram0region1addr.base | |||
| fpga2sdram0region2addr.base | |||
| fpga2sdram0region3addr.base | |||
| fpga2sdram1region0addr.base | |||
| fpga2sdram1region1addr.base | |||
| fpga2sdram1region2addr.base | |||
| fpga2sdram1region3addr.base | |||
| fpga2sdram2region0addr.base | |||
| fpga2sdram2region1addr.base | |||
| fpga2sdram2region2addr.base | |||
| fpga2sdram2region3addr.base | |||
| fpga2sdram0region0addr.limit |
Hexadecimal |
0xFFFF |
FPGA-to-SDRAM Firewall region limits |
| fpga2sdram0region1addr.limit | |||
| fpga2sdram0region2addr.limit | |||
| fpga2sdram0region3addr.limit | |||
| fpga2sdram1region0addr.limit | |||
| fpga2sdram1region1addr.limit | |||
| fpga2sdram1region2addr.limit | |||
| fpga2sdram1region3addr.limit | |||
| fpga2sdram2region0addr.limit | |||
| fpga2sdram2region1addr.limit | |||
| fpga2sdram2region2addr.limit | |||
| fpga2sdram2region3addr.limit |
7.3. Bootloader Image Tool (mkpimage)
The Bootloader Image Tool (mkpimage) creates an Intel BootROM-compatible image of the Arria® V SoC and Cyclone® V SoC Preloader or Intel® Arria® 10 SoC Bootloader. The tool can also decode the header of previously generated images.
The mkpimage tool makes the following assumptions:
- The input file format is raw binary. You must use the objcopy utility provided with the GNU Compiler Collection (GCC) tool chain from the Mentor Graphics* website to convert other file formats, such as Executable and Linking Format File (.elf), Hexadecimal (Intel-Format) File (.hex), or S-Record File (. srec), to a binary format.
- The output file format is binary.
- The tool always creates the output image at the beginning of the binary file. If the image must be programmed at a specific base address, you must supply the address information to the flash programming tool.
- The output file contains only Preloader or Bootloader images. Other
images such as Linux*, SRAM Object File (.sof) and user data are programmed separately
using a flash programming tool or related utilities in the U-boot on the target
system.Figure 49. Basic Operation of the mkpimage Tool
7.3.1. Operation
The mkpimage tool runs on a host machine. The tool generates the header and CRC checksum and inserts them into the output image with the bootloader program image and its exception vector.
For certain flash memory tools, the position of the bootloader images must be aligned to a specific block size; the mkpimage tool generates any padding data that may be required.
The mkpimage tool optionally decodes and validates header information when given a pre-generated bootloader image.
As illustrated, the binary bootloader image is an input to the mkpimage tool. The compiler leaves an empty space between the bootloader exception vector and the program. The mkpimage tool overwrites this empty region with header information and calculates a checksum for the whole image.
When necessary, the mkpimage tool appends the padding data to the output image.
The mkpimage tool can operate with either one or four input files. Operation on four input files consists in processing each file individually, then concatenating the four resulted images.
7.3.2. Header File Format
The mkpimage header file format has two versions:
- Version 0, used for Cyclone® V SoC and Arria® V SoC FSBL (Preloader)
- Version 1, used for Intel® Arria® 10 SoC Bootloader
For Version 0, used for Cyclone® V SoC and Arria® V SoC Preloader, the header includes the following:
- Validation word (0x31305341)
- Version field (set to 0x0)
- Flags field (set to 0x0)
- Program length measured by the number of 32 bit words in the Preloader program
- 16-bit checksum of the header contents (0x40 – 0x49)
For Version 1, used for Intel® Arria® 10 SoC Bootloader, the header includes the following:
- Validation word (0x31305341).
- Version field (set to 0x1).
- Flags field (set to 0x0).
- Header length, in bytes, set to 0x14 (20 bytes).
- Total program length (including the exception vectors and the CRC field) in bytes. For an image to be valid, length must be a minimum of 0x5C (92 bytes) and a maximum of 0x32000 (200KiB).
- Program entry offset relative to the start of header (0x40) and should be 32-bit word-aligned. Default is 0x14, any value smaller than that is invalid.
- 16-bit checksum of the header contents (0x40 – 0x51):Figure 51. Header Format Version 1
The header checksum for both versions of the mkpimage header is the CRC checksum of the byte value from offset 0x0 to (n*4)-4 bytes where n is the program length.
x32 + x26 + x23 + x22 + x16 + x12 + x11 + x10 + x8 + x7 + x5 + x4 + x2 + x + 1There is no reflection of the bits and the initial value of the remainder is 0xFFFFFFFF and the final value is exclusive OR-ed with 0xFFFFFFFF.
7.3.3. Tool Usage
The mkimage tool has three usage models:
- Single image creation
- Quad image creation
- Single or quad image decoding
If an error is found during the make image process, the tool stops and reports the error. Possible error conditions include:
- For Cyclone® V SoC and Arria® V SoC Preloaders: input image is smaller than 81 bytes or larger than 60 KB.
- For Intel® Arria® 10 SoC Bootloaders: input image is smaller than 92 bytes or larger than 200 KB.
Type mkpimage to launch the tool. The --help option provides a tool description and tool usage and option information.
$ mkpimage --help mkpimage version 19.1 Description: This tool creates an Intel BootROM-compatible image of Second Stage Boot Loader (SSBL). The input and output files are in binary format. It can also decode and check the validity of previously generated image. Usage: Create quad image: mkpimage [options] -hv <num> -o <outfile> <infile> <infile> <infile> <infile> Create single image: mkpimage [options] -hv <num> -o <outfile> <infile> Decode single/quad image: mkpimage -d [-a <num>] <infile> Options: -a (--alignment) <num> : Address alignment in kilobytes for output image (64, 128, 256, etc.), default to 64 for header version 0 and 256 for header version 1, override if the NAND flash has a different block size. If outputting a single image, value of '0' is permitted to specify no flash block padding (needed for SSBL image encryption). -d (--decode) : Flag to decode the header information from input file and display it -f (--force) : Flag to force decoding even if the input file is an unpadded image -h (--help) : Display this help message and exit -hv (--header-version) <num> : Header version to be created (Arria/ Cyclone® V SoC = 0, Intel® Arria® 10 SoC = 1) -o (--output) <outfile> : Output file, relative and absolute path supported -off (--offset) <num> : Program entry offset relative to start of header (0x40), default to 0x14. Used for header version 1 only -v (--version) : Display version and exit
7.3.4. Output Image Layout
7.3.4.1. Base Address
The bootable SSBL image must be placed at 0x0 for NAND and QSPI flash. For SD/MMC the image can also be placed at 0x0, but typically the image is placed at offset 0x0 in a custom partition of type 0xA2. The custom partition does not have a filesystem on it. The BootROM is able to locate the partition using the MBR (Master Boot Record) located at 0x0 on the SD/MMC card.
The mkpimage tool always places the output image at the start of the output binary file, regardless of the target flash memory type. The flash programming tool is responsible for placing the image at the desired location on the flash memory device.
7.3.4.2. Size
For Cyclone® V SoC and Arria® V SoC, a single Preloader has a maximum 60 KB image size. You can store up to four preloader images in flash. If the BootROM does not find a valid preloader image at the first location, it attempts to read an image from the next location and so on. To take advantage of this feature, program four preloader images in flash.
For Intel® Arria® 10 SoC, a single Bootloader has a maximum 200 KB image size. You can store up to four Bootloader images in flash. If the BootROM does not find a valid Bootloader image at the first location, it attempts to read the next one and so on. To take advantage of this feature, program four Bootloader images in flash.
7.3.4.3. Address Alignment
For Cyclone® V SoC and Arria® V SoC, every Preloader image has to be aligned to a 64KB boundary, except for NAND devices. For NAND devices, each Preloader image has to be aligned to the greater of 64 KB or NAND block size.
For Intel® Arria® 10 SoC, every Bootloader image has to be aligned to a 256 KB boundary, except for NAND devices. For NAND devices, each Bootloader image has to be aligned to the greater of 256 KB or NAND block size.
The following tables present typical image layouts, that are used for QSPI, SD/MMC and NAND devices with NAND erase block size equal or less to 64 KB (for Cyclone® V SoC/ Arria® V SoC) or 256 KB (for Intel® Arria® 10 SoC).
|
Offset |
Image |
|---|---|
|
0x30000 |
Preloader Image 3 |
|
0x20000 |
Preloader Image 2 |
|
0x10000 |
Preloader Image 1 |
|
0x00000 |
Preloader Image 0 |
|
Offset |
Image |
|---|---|
|
0xC0000 |
Bootloader Image 3 |
|
0x80000 |
Bootloader Image 2 |
|
0x40000 |
Bootloader Image 1 |
|
0x00000 |
Bootloader Image 0 |
The mkpimage tool is unaware of the target flash memory type. If you do not specify the block size, the default is 64 KB.
7.3.4.3.1. NAND Flash
Each Preloader or Bootloader image occupies an integer number of blocks. A block is the smallest entity that can be erased, so updates to a particular boot image do not impact the other images.
For example for Cyclone® V SoC and Arria® V SoC, a single Preloader image has a maximum size of 64 KB. But it the NAND block is 128 KB, then the Preloader images will need to be located at 128 KB intervals.
7.3.4.3.2. Serial NOR Flash
Each QSPI boot image occupies an integer number of sectors unless subsector erase is supported; this ensures that updating one image does not affect other images.
7.3.4.3.3. SD/MMC
The master boot record, located at the first 512 bytes of the device memory, contains partition address and size information. The Preloader and Bootloader images are stored in partitions of type 0xA2. Other items may be stored in other partition types according to the target file system format.
You can use the fdisk tool to set up and manage the master boot record. When the fdisk tool partitions an SD/MMC device, the tool creates the master boot record at the first sector, with partition address and size information for each partition on the SD/MMC.
7.3.4.4. Padding
The mkimage tool inserts a CRC checksum in the unused region of the image. Padding fills the remaining unused regions. The contents of the padded and unused regions of the image are undefined.
7.4. U-Boot Image Tool (mkimage)
Both the FSBL and SSBL require the presence of the U-Boot image header at the beginning of the next stage boot image. Depending on usage scenario, other items that are loaded by either Preloader or Bootloader may also require the presence of the U-Boot image header.
The mkimage utility is delivered with SoC EDS and can be used to append the U-Boot image header to the next stage boot image or any other required files.
The header consists of the following items:
- Image magic number - determines if the image is a valid boot image
- Image data size - the length of the image to be copied
- Data load address - the entry point of the boot image (not used for items that are not bootable images)
- Operating system - determines the type of image
- Image name - the name of the boot image
- Image CRC - the checksum value of the boot image
7.4.1. Tool Options
$ mkimage --help
Usage: mkimage -l image
-l ==> list image header information
mkimage [-x] -A arch -O os -T type -C comp -a addr -e ep -n name -d data_file[:data_file...] image
-A ==> set architecture to 'arch'
-O ==> set operating system to 'os'
-T ==> set image type to 'type'
-C ==> set compression type 'comp'
-a ==> set load address to 'addr' (hex)
-e ==> set entry point to 'ep' (hex)
-n ==> set image name to 'name'
-d ==> use image data from 'datafile'
-x ==> set XIP (execute in place)
mkimage [-D dtc_options] [-f fit-image.its|-F] fit-image
-D => set options for device tree compiler
-f => input filename for FIT source
Signing / verified boot not supported (CONFIG_FIT_SIGNATURE undefined)
mkimage -V ==> print version information and exit
7.4.2. Usage Examples
Creating a U-boot Image
mkimage –A arm –T firmware –C none –O u-boot –a 0x08000040 –e 0 –n "U-Boot 2014.10 for SOCFGPA board" –d u-boot.bin u-boot.img
Creating a BareMetal Application Image
mkimage -A arm -O u-boot -T standalone -C none -a 0x02100000 -e 0 -n "baremetal image" -d hello_world.bin hello_world.img
7.5. Building the Bootloader
7.5.1. Building the Cyclone V SoC and Arria V SoC Preloader
The following figure presents the Cyclone® V SoC and Arria® V SoC Preloader build flow, as performed by the generated Makefile when invoking make. In order to keep the illustration simple, the generated Makefile itself is not shown.
The makefile performs the following tasks:
- Copies the generic preloader source code into <bsp_directory>/uboot-socfpga
- Copies the generated BSP files and hardware handoff files to the source directory in <bsp_directory>/uboot-socfpga/board/altera/socfpga_<device>
- Configures the compiler tools to target an SoC FPGA
- Compiles the source files in <bsp_directory>/uboot-socfpga with you-specified cross compiler (specified in the BSP settings) and stores the generated preloader binary files in <bsp_directory>/uboot - socfpga/spl
- Converts the preloader binary file to a preloader image, <bsp_directory>/preloader- mkpimage.bin, with the mkpimage tool
The makefile contains the following targets:
- make all – compiles the preloader
- make clean – deletes preloader-mkpimage.bin from the <bsp_directory>
- make clean-all – deletes <bsp_directory>, including the source files in the directory
7.5.2. Building the Intel Arria 10 SoC Bootloader
The following figure presents the Intel® Arria® 10 SoC Bootloader build flow, as performed by the generated Makefile when invoking make. In order to keep the illustration simple, the generated Makefile itself is not shown.
7.5.2.1. U-Boot Build Flow
The U-Boot makefile performs the following tasks:
- Copies the bootloader source code into <bsp_directory>/uboot-socfpga.
- Configures the bootloader to target the Intel® Arria® 10 SoC.
- Compiles the source files in <bsp_directory>/uboot-socfpga and creates the Bootloader binary <bsp_directory>/uboot-socfpga/u-boot.bin.
- Compiles the bootloader device tree source file by using the Device Tree Compiler (dtc) into <bsp_directory>/devicetree.dtb.
- Concatenates the bootloader device tree binary and the bootloader binary files into a combined binary file <bsp_directory>/uboot_w_dtb.bin.
- Converts the combined binary file to a bootable combined image, <bsp_directory>/uboot_w_dtb-mkpimage.bin, with the mkpimage tool
The U-Boot makefile contains the following targets:
- make all – builds everything
- make src – copies the bootloader source code folder
- make uboot – builds the bootloader binary
- make dtb – compiles the bootloader device tree source to device tree binary
- make clean – deletes all built files
- make clean-all – deletes all built files, and the bootloader source code folder
7.5.2.2. UEFI Build Flow
- Copies the UEFI source code into <bsp_directory>/uefi-socfpga.
- Configures the UEFI to target the Intel® Arria® 10 SoC.
- Compiles the bootloader device tree source file by using the Device Tree Compiler (dtc) into <bsp_directory>/devicetree.dtb.
- Compiles the UEFI bootloader, concatenates the device tree and creates a bootable image in <bsp_directory>/uefi-socfpga/Build/PEI.ROM. This is the equivalent of <bsp_directory>/uboot_w_dtb-mkpimage.bin.
For more information about UEFI bootloader, refer to the "UEFI Bootloader" page on the Intel FPGA Wiki.
7.5.3. Building the Intel Stratix 10 SoC BootloaderBuilding the S10 Bootloader
On Intel® Stratix® 10 SoC devices, the SDM loads the FSBL from the configuration bitstream. The configuration bitstream contains the hardware handoff data, which is made available to the FSBL. Because of this, there is no need for a Bootloader Generator tool to pass additional information to the Bootloader building process.
The SoC EDS includes the source code for U-Boot, Arm Trusted Firmware (ATF) and UEFI bootloaders in the folder <SoC EDS installation folder>/host_tools/altera/bootloaders/stratix10. For each bootloader, the source code is provided as an archive, but also as a shell script which fetches the same source code version from the altera-opensource repository on github.
The SoC EDS includes the pre-built U-Boot FSBL and SSBL binaries in the folder <SoC EDS installation folder>/host_tools/altera/bootloaders/stratix10/u-boot/prebuilt. When no special customizations are needed, the prebuilt binaries can be used directly.
- Start an embedded command
shell:
~/intelFPGA_pro/19.1/embedded/embedded_command_shell.sh - Download and setup the required
toolchain:
wget https://releases.linaro.org/components/toolchain/binaries/7.2-2017.11\ /aarch64-linux-gnu/gcc-linaro-7.2.1-2017.11-x86_64_aarch64-linux-gnu.tar.xz tar xf gcc-linaro-7.2.1-2017.11-x86_64_aarch64-linux-gnu.tar.xz export PATH=`pwd`/gcc-linaro-7.2.1-2017.11-x86_64_aarch64-linux-gnu/bin/ :$PATHexport CROSS_COMPILE=aarch64-linux-gnu-
- Extract the U-Boot source
code:
tar xf $SOCEDS_DEST_ROOT/host_tools/altera/bootloaders/stratix10/ u-boot/uboot-socfpga.tar.gz cd uboot-socfpga
- Configure U-Boot with the default
Intel®
Stratix® 10 SoC
configuration, intended for the
Intel®
Stratix® 10 SoC Development
Kit:
make socfpga_stratix10_defconfig
- Build U-Boot:
make
The following files are built:- FSBL binary: uboot-socfpga/spl/u-boot-spl-dtb.bin
- SSBL binary: uboot-socfpga/u-boot-dtb.img
- Create the hex version of FSBL, to be added to the configuration
bitstream:
aarch64-linux-gnu-objcopy -I binary -O ihex --change-addresses 0xffe00000 \ spl/u-boot-spl-dtb.bin spl/u-boot-spl.hex
For more details about ATF and UEFI, refer to Intel® Stratix® 10 SoC UEFI Boot Loader User Guide.
For more details about the Intel® Stratix® 10 SoC bootloaders, refer to the Intel® Stratix® 10 SoC FPGA Boot User Guide.
7.6. Boot Tools User Guide Revision History
| Document Version | Changes |
|---|---|
| 2019.05.16 |
|
| 2018.09.24 | Updated the path names, in the "Building the Intel® Stratix® 10 SoC Bootloader" section, to coincide with the 18.1 release. |
| 2018.06.18 |
|
| 2017.05.08 |
|
| 2016.11.7 | Added an "UEFI Build Flow" section |
| 2016.05.27 | Added a link to the Intel® Arria® 10 SoC Secure Boot User Guide |
| 2016.02.17 |
|
| 2015.08.06 | Added Intel® Arria® 10 SoC support |
8. Hardware Library
The Intel SoC FPGA Hardware Library (HWLIB) was created to address the needs of low-level software programmers who require full access to the configuration and control facilities of SoC FPGA hardware. An additional purpose of the HWLIB is to mitigate the complexities of managing the operation of a sophisticated, multi-core application processor and its integration with hardened IP peripheral blocks and programmable logic in a SoC architecture.
Within the context of the SoC hardware and software ecosystem, the HWLIB is capable of supporting software development in conjunction with full featured operating systems or standalone BareMetal programming environments. The relationship of the HWLIB within a complete SoC HW/SW environment is illustrated in the above figure.
The HWLIB provides a symbolic register abstraction layer known as the SoC Abstraction Layer (SoCAL) that enables direct access and control of HPS device registers within the address space. This layer is necessary for enabling several key stakeholders (boot loader developers, driver developers, BSP developers, debug agent developers, and board bring-up engineers) requiring a precise degree of access and control of the hardware resources.
The HWLIB also deploys a set of Hardware Manager (HW Manager) APIs that provides more complex functionality and drivers for higher level use case scenarios.
The HWLIB has been developed as a source code distribution. The intent of this model is to provide a useful set of out-of-the-box functionality and to serve as a source code reference implementation that a user can tailor accordingly to meet their target system requirements.
The capabilities of the HWLIB are expected to evolve and expand over time particularly as common use case patterns become apparent from practical application in actual systems.
In general, the HWLIB assumes to be part of the system software that is executing on the Hard Processor System (HPS) in privileged supervisor mode and in the secure state.
The anticipated HWLIB clients include:
- BareMetal application developers
- Custom preloader and boot loader software developers
- BSP developers
- Diagnostic tool developers
- Software driver developers
- Debug agent developers
- Board bring-up engineers
- Other developers requiring full access to SoC FPGA hardware capabilities
8.1. Feature Description
This section provides a description of the operational features and functional capabilities present in the HWLIB. An overview and brief description of the HWLIB architecture is also presented.
The HWLIB is a software library architecturally comprised of two major functional components:
- SoC Abstraction Layer (SoCAL)
- HW Manager
8.1.1. SoC Abstraction Layer (SoCAL)
The SoC Abstraction Layer (SoCAL) presents the software API closest to the actual HPS hardware. Its purpose is to provide a logical interface abstraction and decoupling layer to the physical devices and registers that comprise the hardware interface of the HPS.
The SoCAL provides the benefits of:
- A logical interface abstraction to the HPS physical devices and registers including the bit-fields comprising them.
- A loosely coupled software interface to the underlying hardware that promotes software isolation from hardware changes in the system address map and device register bit field layouts.
8.1.2. HW Manager
The HW Manager component provides a group of functional APIs that address more complex configuration and operational control aspects of selected HPS resources.
The HW Manager functions have the following characteristics:
- Functions employ a combination of low level device operations provided by the SoCAL executed in a specific sequence to effect a desired operation.
- Functions may employ cross functional (such as from different IP blocks) device operations to implement a desired effect.
- Functions may have to satisfy specific timing constraints for the application of operations and validation of expected device responses.
- Functions provide a level of user protection and error diagnostics through parameter constraint and validation checks.
The HW Manager functions are implemented using elemental operations provided by the SoCAL API to implement more complex functional capabilities and services. The HW Manager functions may also be implemented by the compound application of other functions in the HW Manager API to build more complex operations (for example, software controlled configuration of the FPGA).
8.2. Hardware Library Reference Documentation
Reference documentation for the SoCAL and HW Manager are distributed as part of the Intel® SoC FPGA EDS. The documentation is in HTML format and is located at <SoC EDS installation directory>/ip/altera/hps/doc. You can view this documentation with any web browser.
8.3. System Memory Map
The addresses of the HPS hard IP modules are accessible through the provided SoCAL macros. SoCAL also provides macros for accessing the individual registers and register fields of the HPS hard IP modules.
For the FPGA IP modules, the macros for accessing IP registers and register fields are usually part of the IP deliverables. However, the actual IP modules-based addresses are often changed at system integration time, in the Platform Designer (Standard) tool.
The basic usage of the tool is to invoke it with the .sopcinfo file as a single parameter. For example, in order to generate the include files for the Intel® Arria® 10 SoC GHRD, the following command can be executed in that folder: sopc-create-header-files ghrd_10as066n2.sopcinfo.
The tool creates a separate include file for each of the masters in the system, showing the system addresses from that master's point of view. Use the file <hps_component_name>_a9_0.h for HPS software development, as it shows the system addresses from the HPS point of view.
sopc-create-header-files ghrd_10as066n2.sopcinfo --module\ arria10_hps_0_arm_a9_0 --single arria10_hps_0_arm_a9_0.h
This creates just one file, called "arria10_hps_0_arm_a9_0.h".
You can also run "sopc-create-header-files --help" for more details about the tool, or refer to Intel® Quartus® Prime Standard Edition documentation.
8.4. Hardware Library Revision History
| Document Version | Changes |
|---|---|
| 2019.05-16 | Maintenance release |
| 2018.09.24 | Updated the location and format to find the reference documentation for the SoCAL and HW Manager. |
| 2018.06.18 |
|
| 2017.05.08 |
|
| 2016.11.07 | Maintenance release |
| 2016.05.27 | Maintenance release |
| 2016.02.17 |
|
| 2015.08.06 | Added Intel® Arria® 10 SoC support |
9. HPS Flash Programmer User Guide
The Intel® Quartus® Prime software and Intel® Quartus® Prime Programmer include the HPS flash programmer. Hardware designs, such as HPS, incorporate flash memory on the board to store FPGA configuration data or HPS program data. The HPS flash programmer programs the data into a flash memory device connected to an Intel® FPGA SoC. The programmer sends file contents over an Intel® download cable, such as the Intel® FPGA Download Cable II, to the HPS and instructs the HPS to write the data to the flash memory.
The HPS flash programmer programs the following content types to flash memory:
- HPS software executable
files — Many systems use flash memory to store non-volatile program code or
firmware. HPS systems can boot from flash memory. Note: The HPS Flash Programmer is mainly intended to be used for programming the Preloader image to QSPI or NAND flash. Because of the low speed of operation, it is not recommended to be used for programming large files.
- FPGA configuration data — At system power-up, the FPGA configuration controller on the board or HPS read FPGA configuration data from the flash memory to program the FPGA. The configuration controller or HPS may be able to choose between multiple FPGA configuration files stored in flash memory.
- Other arbitrary data files — The HPS flash programmer programs a binary file to any location in a flash memory for any purpose. For example, a HPS program can use this data as a coefficient table or a sine lookup table.
- Quad serial peripheral interface (QSPI) Flash
- Open NAND Flash Interface (ONFI) compliant NAND Flash
- Use a bus switch to route the EPCQ-L/QSPI signals to an external master that does the programming.
- Use software running on HPS to do the programming. For example, U-Boot can be loaded with an Arm* debugger or System Console, and then used to program the flash.
9.1. HPS Flash Programmer Command-Line Utility
- For the Quartus Prime software, the HPS flash programmer is located in the <Quartus Prime installation directory>/quartus/bin directory.
- For the SoC EDS software, the HPS flash programmer is located in the <SoC EDS installation directory>/ qprogrammer/bin directory.
9.2. How the HPS Flash Programmer Works
The HPS flash programmer determines the type of flash to program by sampling the boot select (BSEL) pins during cold reset; you do not need to specify the type of flash to program.
9.3. Using the Flash Programmer from the Command Line
9.3.1. HPS Flash Programmer
The HPS flash programmer command-line syntax is:
quartus_hps <options> <file.bin>
| Option | Short Option | Required | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| --addr | -a |
Yes (if the start address is not 0) |
This option specifies the start address of the operation to be performed. |
| --cable | -c |
Yes |
This option specifies what download cable to use. To obtain the list of programming cables, run the command "jtagconfig". It lists the available cables, like in the following example:
jtagconfig
The "-c"
parameter can be the number of the programming cable, or its
name. The following are valid examples for the above case:
|
| --device | -d |
Yes (if there are multiple HPS devices in the chain) |
This option specifies the index of the HPS device. The tool automatically detects the chain and determine the position of the HPS device; however, if there are multiple HPS devices in the chain, the targeted device index must be specified. |
| --boot | N/A | Yes |
Option to reconfigure the HPS IOCSR and PINMUX before starting flash programming. The
Intel®
Quartus® Prime HPS Flash Programmer options are:
Available options are:
Cyclone® V SoC and Intel® Arria® 10 SoC support values: 1, 2 and 16.
Intel®
Arria® 10 SoC supports values: 2, 3 and
16
Note: For the first three options, add up integer
of 16, so that the HPS cold reset is performed
|
| --exit_xip | N/A | Yes (if the QSPI flash device has been put into XIP mode) | This option exits the QSPI flash device from XIP mode. A non-zero value has to be specified for the argument. For example, quartus_hps -c <cable> -o <operation> --exit_xip=0x80. |
| --operation | -o |
Yes |
This option specifies the operation to be performed. The following operations are supported:
Note: The program begins with erasing the flash operation before
programming the flash by default.
|
| --size | -s |
No |
This option specifies the number of bytes of data to be performed by the operation. size is optional. |
|
Note: The following options: repeat
and interval must be used
together and are optional.
The HPS BOOT flow supports up to four images where each image is identical. These options duplicate the operation data; therefore you do not need embedded software to create a large file containing duplicate images. |
|||
| --repeat | -t | No | repeat—specifies the number of duplicate images for the operation to perform. |
| --interval | -i | No | interval—specifies the repeated address. The default value is 64 kilobytes (KB). |
9.3.2. HPS Flash Programmer Command Line Examples
Program File to Address 0 of Flash
quartus_hps –c 1 –o P input.bin programs the input file (input.bin) into the flash, starting at flash address 0 using a cable M.Program First 500 Bytes of File to Flash (Decimal)
quartus_hps –c 1 –o PV –a 1024 –s 500 input.bin programs the first 500 bytes of the input file (input.bin) into the flash, starting at flash address 1024, followed by a verification using a cable M.Program First 500 Bytes of File to Flash (Hexadecimal)
quartus_hps –c 1 –o PV –a 0x400 –s 500 input.bin programs the first 500 bytes of the input file (input.bin) into the flash, starting at flash address 1024, followed by a verification using a cable M.Program File to Flash Repeating Twice at Every 1 MB
quartus_hps –c 1 –o BPV –t 2 –i 0x100000 input.bin programs the input file (input.bin) into the flash, using a cable M. The operation repeats itself twice at every 1 megabyte (MB) of the flash address. Before the program operation, the tool ensures the flash is blank. After the program operation, the tool verifies the data programmed.Erase Flash on the Flash Addresses
quartus_hps –c 1 –o EB input.bin erases the flash on the flash addresses where the input file (input.bin) resides, followed by a blank-check using a cable M.Erase Full Chip
quartus_hps –c 1 –o E erases the full chip, using a cable M. When no input file (input.bin) is specified, it erases all the flash contents.Erase Specified Memory Contents of Flash
quartus_hps –c 1 –o E –a 0x100000 –s 0x400000 erases specified memory contents of the flash. For example, 4 MB worth of memory content residing in the flash address, starting at 1 MB, are erased using a cable M.Examine Data from Flash
quartus_hps –c 1 –o X –a 0x98679 –s 56789 output.bin examines 56789 bytes of data from the flash with a 0x98679 flash start address, using a cable M.9.4. Supported Memory Devices
| Flash Device | Manufacturer | Device ID | DIE # | Density (Mb) | Voltage |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| M25P40 | Micron | 0x132020 | 1 | 4 | 3.3 |
| N25Q064 | Micron | 0x17BA20 | 1 | 64 | 3.3 |
| N25Q128 | Micron | 0x18BA20 | 1 | 128 | 3.3 |
| N25Q128 | Micron | 0x18BB20 | 1 | 128 | 1.8 |
| N25Q256 | Micron | 0x19BA20 | 1 | 256 | 3.3 |
| N25Q256 | Micron | 0x19BB20 | 1 | 256 | 1.8 |
| MT25QL512 | Micron | 0x20BA20 | 1 | 512 | 3.3 |
| N25Q512 | Micron | 0x20BA20 | 2 | 512 | 3.3 |
| MT25QU512 | Micron | 0x20BB20 | 1 | 512 | 1.8 |
| N25Q512A | Micron | 0x20BB20 | 2 | 512 | 1.8 |
| N25Q00AA | Micron | 0x21BA20 | 4 | 1024 | 3.3 |
| MT25QU01G | Micron | 0x21BB20 | 2 | 1024 | 1.8 |
| N25Q00AA | Micron | 0x21BB20 | 4 | 1024 | 1.8 |
| MT25QL02G | Micron | 0x22BA20 | 4 | 2048 | 3.3 |
| MT25QU02G | Micron | 0x22BB20 | 4 | 2048 | 1.8 |
| S25FL128S | Cypress | 0x182001 | 1 | 128 (64KB Sectors) | 3.3 |
| S25FL128S | Cypress | 0x182001 | 1 | 128 (256KB Sectors) | 3.3 |
| S25FL256S | Cypress | 0x190201 | 1 | 256 (64KB Sectors) | 3.3 |
| S25FL256S | Cypress | 0x190201 | 1 | 256 (256KB Sectors) | 3.3 |
| S25FL512S | Cypress | 0x200201 | 1 | 512 | 3.3 |
| MX25L12835E | Macronix | 0x1820C2 | 1 | 128 | 3.3 |
| MX25L25635 | Macronix | 0x1920C2 | 1 | 256 | 3.3 |
| MX66L51235F | Macronix | 0x1A20C2 | 1 | 512 | 3.3 |
| MX66L1G45 | Macronix | 0x1B20C2 | 1 | 1024 | 3.3 |
| MX66U51235 | Macronix | 0x3A25C2 | 1 | 512 | 1.8 |
| GD25Q127C | GigaDevice | 0x1840C8 | 1 | 128 | 3.3 |
| Manufacturer | MFC ID | Device ID | Density (Gb) |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Micron |
0x2C |
0x68 |
32 |
|
Micron |
0x2C |
0x48 |
16 |
|
Micron |
0x2C |
0xA1 |
8 |
|
Micron |
0x2C |
0xF1 |
8 |
9.5. HPS Flash Programmer User Guide Revision History
| Document Version | Changes |
|---|---|
| 2019.05.16 | HPS Flash Programmer: Documented --boot=18 for QSPI programming |
| 2018.09.24 | Added supported memory devices in the "QSPI Flash" table; and updated voltages for several flash devices. |
| 2018.06.18 |
|
| 2017.05.08 |
|
| 2016.11.07 | Maintenance release |
| 2016.05.27 | Maintenance release |
| 2016.02.17 | Added QSPI Flash part number to the QSPI Flash table in the "Supported Memory Devices" chapter |
| 2015.08.06 | Added Intel® Arria® 10 SoC support |
10. BareMetal Compilers
- Arm* BareMetal Compiler 5 (ARMCC)
- Arm* BareMetal Compiler 6 (LLVM-based)
- Mentor Graphics* Sourcery™ CodeBench Lite Edition (GCC based)
10.1. Arm BareMetal Compilers
The Arm* BareMetal compilers are part of the Arm* DS-5* Intel® SoC FPGA Edition.
The Arm* BareMetal Compiler 5 targets 32-bit platforms (Cortex-A9 on Cyclone® V SoC, Arria® V SoC and Intel® Arria® 10 SoC).
The Arm* BareMetal Compiler 6 targets both 32-bit platforms and 64-bit platforms (Cortex-A53 on Intel® Stratix® 10 SoC).
The Arm* BareMetal compilers documentation is integrated in Arm* DS-5* Intel® SoC FPGA Edition, like with all the Arm* DS-5* Intel® SoC FPGA Edition components.
10.2. Mentor Code Sourcery Compiler
The BareMetal compiler that is shipped with the SoC EDS is the Mentor Graphics* Sourcery™ CodeBench Lite. For the current version, refer to Table 1.
For more information on the Sourcery CodeBench Lite Edition and to download the latest version of the tools, refer to the Mentor Graphics* website.
- Targets the Arm* processor
- Assumes BareMetal operation
- Uses the standard Arm* embedded-application binary interface (EABI) conventions.
<SoC EDS installation directory>/host_tools/mentor/gnu/arm/baremetal
The Embedded Command Shell sets the correct environment PATH variables for the BareMetal compilation tools to be invoked. You can open the shell from the <SoC EDS installation directory>. After starting the shell, commands like arm-altera-eabi-gcc can be invoked directly. When the Arm* Development Studio 5* Intel® SoC FPGA Edition environment is started from the embedded command shell, it inherits the environment settings, and it can call these compilation tools directly.
<SoC EDS installation directory>/host_tools/mentor/gnu/arm/baremetal/bin
<SoC EDS installation directory>/host_tools/mentor/gnu/arm/baremetal/share/doc/sourceryg++-arm-altera-eabi
- HTML files
- Info files
- Man pages
- PDF files
- Compiler manual
- Assembler manual
- Linker manual
- Binutils manual
- GDB manual
- Getting Started Guides4
- Libraries Manual
10.3. BareMetal Compilers Revision History
| Document Version | Changes |
|---|---|
| 2019.05-16 | Maintenance release |
| 2018.09.24 | Maintenance release |
| 2018.06.18 |
|
| 2017.05.08 |
|
| 2016.11.07 | Added a "Mentor Code Sourcery Compiler" section |
| 2016.05.27 | Maintenance release |
| 2016.02.17 | Updated the compiler version for Mentor Graphics* Sourcery™ CodeBench Lite Edition |
| 2015.08.06 | Added Intel® Arria® 10 SoC support |
11. SD Card Boot Utility
The Preloader is typically stored in a custom partition (with type = 0xA2) on the SD card. Optionally, the next boot stage (usually the Bootloader) can also be stored on the same custom partition.
Since it is a custom partition without a file-system, the Preloader, Bootloader, or both cannot be updated by copying the new file to the card; and a software tool is needed.
The SD card boot utility allows you to update the Preloader, Bootloader, or both on a physical SD card or a disk image file. The utility is not intended to create a new bootable SD card or disk image file from scratch. In order to do that, it is recommended to use fdisk on a Linux* host OS.
11.1. Usage Scenarios
This utility is intended to update boot software on that resides on an existing:
- Existing SD card
- Existing disk image file
- Cyclone® V SoC and Arria® V SoC Preloader—The Preloader file needs to have the mkpimage header, as required by the bootROM.
- Cyclone® V SoC and Arria® V SoC Bootloader—The Bootloader file needs to have the mkimage header, as required by the Preloader.
- Intel® Arria® 10 SoC Bootloader—The Bootloader needs to have the mkpimage header, as required by the bootROM.
The tool only updates the custom partition that stores the Intel SoC boot code. The rest of the SD card or disk image file is not touched. This includes the Master Boot Record (MBR) and any other partitions (such as FAT and EXT3) and free space.
Warning: The users of this tool need administrative or root access to their computer to use this tool to write to physical SD cards. These rights are not required when only working with disk image files. Please contact the IT department if you do not have the proper rights on your PC.
11.2. Tool Options
Sample Output from Utility
The utility is a command line program. The table describes all the command line options; and the figure shows the --help output from the tool.
| Command line Argument | Required? | Description |
|---|---|---|
| -p filename | Optional | Specifies Preloader file to write |
| -b filename | Optional | Specifies Cyclone V or Arria® V SoC Bootloader file to write |
| -B filename | Optional | Specifies Intel® Arria® 10 SoC Bootloader file to write |
| -a write | Required | Specifies action to take. Only "write" action is supported. Example: "-a write" |
| disk_file | Required(unless -d option is used) | Specifies disk image file or physical disk to write to. A disk image file is a file that contains all the data for a storage volume including the partition table. This can be written to a physical disk later with another tool. For physical disks in Linux*, just specify the device file. For example: /dev/mmcblk0 For physical disks in Windows, specify the physical drive path such as \\.\physicaldrive2 or use the drive letter option(-d) to specify a drive letter. The drive letter option is the easiest method in Windows |
| -d | Optional | specify disk drive letter to write to. Example: "-d E". When using this option, the disk_file option cannot be specified. |
| -h | Optional | Displays help message and exits |
| --version | Optional | Displays script version number and exits |
$ alt-boot-disk-util --help
Altera Boot Disk Utility
Copyright (C) 1991-2014 Altera Corporation
Usage:
#write preloader to disk
alt-boot-disk-util -p preloader -a write disk_file
#write bootloader to disk
alt-boot-disk-util -b bootloader -a write disk_file
#write BOOTloader and PREloader to disk
alt-boot-disk-util -p preloader -b bootloader -a write disk_file
#write Arria10 Bootloader to disk
alt-boot-disk-util -B a10bootloader -a write disk_file
#write BOOTloader and PREloader to disk drive 'E'
alt-boot-disk-util -p preloader -b bootloader -a write -d E
Options:
--version show program's version number and exit
-h, --help show this help message and exit
-b FILE, --bootloader=FILE
bootloader image file'
-p FILE, --preloader=FILE
preloader image file'
-a ACTION, --action=ACTION
only supports 'write' action'
-B FILE, --a10-bootloader=FILE
arria10 bootloader image file
-d DRIVE, --drive=DRIVE
specify disk drive letter to write to
11.3. SD Card Boot Utility Revision History
| Document Version | Changes |
|---|---|
| 2019.05-16 | Maintenance release |
| 2018.09.24 | Maintenance release |
| 2018.06.18 |
|
| 2017.05.08 |
|
| 2016.11.07 | Maintenance release |
| 2016.05.27 | Maintenance release |
| 2016.02.17 | Maintenance release |
| 2015.08.06 | Added Intel® Arria® 10 SoC support |
12. Linux Software Development Tools
The Linux* software development tools are listed below. The Linux* compiler and the linux device tree generator are described in the following sections of this chapter.
- Linux* compiler
- SD card boot utility
- Linux* device tree generator (DTG)
12.1. Linux Compiler
The Linaro* Linux* compiler is shipped with the SoC EDS. For the current version, refer to Table 1.
For more information about the Linux* compiler and to download the latest version of the tools, refer to the download page at the Linaro* website.
The compiler is a GCC-based arm-linux-gnueabihf port. It targets the Arm* processor, it assumes the target platform is running Linux*, and it uses the GNU embedded-application binary interface (EABI) hard-float (HF) conventions.
<SoC EDS installation directory>/ds-5/bin.
<SoC EDS installation directory>/ds-5/documents/gcc.
- Compiler manual
- Assembler manual
- Linker manual
- Binutils manual
- GDB manual
- Getting Started Guide
12.2. Linux Device Tree Generator
A device tree is a data structure that describes the underlying hardware to an operating system - primarily Linux*. By passing this data structure to the OS kernel, a single OS binary may be able to support many variations of hardware. This flexibility is particularly important when the hardware includes an FPGA.
Warning: The Linux* Device Tree Generator is tested with and supports only the Linux* kernel version targeted by the associated GSRD. It is not recommended to use the Linux* Device Tree Generator if your design targets a different Linux* kernel version. Instead, it is recommended to manage the Device Tree manually by using the Device Tree files provided by the kernel as a baseline, and by adding the FPGA IP and board information manually.
12.3. Linux Software Development Tools Revision History
| Document Version | Changes |
|---|---|
| 2019.05-16 | Maintenance release |
| 2018.09.24 | Maintenance release |
| 2018.06.18 |
|
| 2017.05.08 |
|
| 2016.11.07 | Maintenance release |
| 2016.05.27 | Maintenance release |
| 2016.02.17 | Maintenance release |
| 2015.08.06 | Added Intel® Arria® 10 SoC support |
13. Support and Feedback
13.1. Support and Feedback Revision History
| Document Version | Changes |
|---|---|
| 2019.05-16 | Maintenance release |
| 2018.09.24 | Maintenance release |
| 2018.06.18 | Updated chapter to include support for Intel® Stratix® 10 SoC |
| 2017.05.08 |
|
| 2016.11.07 | Maintenance release |
| 2016.05.27 | Maintenance release |
| 2016.02.17 | Maintenance release |
| 2015.08.06 | Added Intel® Arria® 10 SoC support |