Intel® oneAPI DPC++/C++ Compiler Developer Guide and Reference

Development Reference Guides

Contents

Use Interprocedural Optimization

This topic discusses how to use IPO from the command line.

Compiling and Linking Using IPO

To enable IPO, you first compile each source file, then link the resulting source files.
Linux*
  1. Compile your source files with the
    ipo
     compiler option: 
    icpx -ipo -c a.cpp b.cpp c.cpp
    The command produces
    a.o
    ,
    b.o
    , and
    c.o
     object files.
    Use the
    c
     compiler option to stop compilation after generating object files. The output files contain compiler intermediate representation (IR) corresponding to the compiled source files.
  2. Link the resulting files. The following example command will produce an executable named
    app
    : 
    icpx -o app a.o b.o c.o
    The command invokes the compiler on the objects containing IR and creates a new list of objects to be linked. Alternately, you can use the tool, with the appropriate linking options.
The separate compile and link commands from the previous steps can be combined into a single command, for example: 
icpx -ipo -o app a.cpp b.cpp c.cpp
The
icx/icpx (for C++) or dpcpp (for DPC++)
 command, shown in the examples, calls
GCC ld
 to link the specified object files and produce the executable application, which is specified by the option.
Windows*
  1. Compile your source files with the
    /Qipo
     compiler option: 
    icx /Qipo /c a.cpp b.cpp c.cpp
    The command produces
    a.obj
    ,
    b.obj
    , and
    c.obj
     object files.
    Use the
    c
     compiler option to stop compilation after generating
    .obj
     files. The output files contain compiler intermediate representation (IR) corresponding to the compiled source files.
  2. Link the resulting files. The following example command will produce an executable named
    app
    : 
    icx /Feapp a.obj b.obj c.obj
    The command invokes the compiler on the objects containing IR and creates a new list of objects to be linked. Alternately, you can use the
    xilink
     tool, with the appropriate linking options.
The separate compile and link commands from the previous steps can be combined into a single command, for example: 
icx /Qipo /Feapp a.cpp b.cpp c.cpp
The
icx/icpx (for C++) or dpcpp (for DPC++)
 command, shown in the examples, calls
link.exe
 to link the specified object files and produce the executable application, which is specified by the
/Fe
 option.
Linux: Using
icpx (for C++) or dpcpp (for DPC++)
 allows the compiler to use standard C++ libraries automatically
; icx will not use the standard C++ libraries automatically
.
The Intel linking tools emulate the behavior of compiling at
-O0
 (Linux) and
/Od
 (Windows) option.
If multiple file IPO is applied to a series of object files, no one which are mock object files, no multi-file IPO is performed. The object files are simply linked with the linker.

Product and Performance Information

1

Performance varies by use, configuration and other factors. Learn more at www.Intel.com/PerformanceIndex.