Intel® Visual Fortran Compiler 10.1 for Windows*
Release Notes

Contents

Overview

This product provides tools for Windows* software developers to create Fortran applications that deliver outstanding performance. Intel® Visual Fortran is a full-language Fortran 95 compiler with many features from the Fortran 2003 standard, plus a wide range of popular language extensions. Intel compilers support multi-threaded code development through autoparallelism and OpenMP* support.

Compatibility

You must recompile all Fortran sources that were compiled with Fortran compilers from vendors other than Intel, and those compiled with Intel Fortran versions earlier than 8.0, including those that create .mod files. If you are using third-party libraries and/or .mod files, you must obtain compatible versions from the library vendor. If you encounter difficulties obtaining updated third-party libraries, please let us know through Intel® Premier Support. If you previously used Compaq* Visual Fortran (CVF), note that the default procedure calling and naming conventions are different from CVF. A document describing CVF porting considerations is available.

Please also see the section below regarding a change in global name decoration for module variables on the Intel® 64 and IA-64 architectures.

Product Contents

Intel® Visual Fortran is available in three editions.

The Standard Edition contains the following components:

The Professional Edition includes all of the Standard Edition and adds the Intel® Math Kernel Library, which contains highly optimized, extensively threaded, mathematical functions for engineering, scientific, and financial applications that require maximum performance..

The Professional Edition with IMSL* includes all of the Professional Edition and adds the IMSL* Fortran Numeric Library (FNL) 6.0 from Visual Numerics*. Customers with current support licenses for Intel® Visual Fortran Professional Edition 9.1 can receive an updated license key to enable use of the Intel Math Kernel Library by logging in to the Intel® Software Development Products Registration Center and requesting that the license key be reissued.

Installation of the Intel Math Kernel Library and/or the IMSL Fortran Numeric Library is separate from that of the compiler. Please see the compiler Installation Guide for details.

Note: The default installation master directory referred to as <install-dir> in this document is %ProgramFiles%\Intel. The Fortran 10.1 compiler is installed into the Compiler\Fortran\10.1.xxx subfolder.

Note: Microsoft Visual Studio Premier Partner Edition is not provided for some license types, including Evaluation and Student. Please see the System Requirements for more details.

To receive technical support and product updates for the tools provided in this product you need to register, as described in the Technical Support section.

What's New in Versions 10.0 and 10.1

The following section discusses new features and changes in the Intel® Visual Fortran Compiler since version 10.0. Please see the separate release notes for the Intel Debugger, found in the <install-dir>\IDB\10.1\docs folder.

Change History

Version numbers stated here may not reflect the actual released update version. The changes listed are included in updates with the stated version or higher.

10.1.019
10.1.014
10.1.013
10.1.011

Microsoft Visual Studio 2005* Premier Partner Edition Included

As of version 10.0, developers of applications to run on IA-32 or Intel® 64 architecture systems no longer need to separately purchase and install a Microsoft development product. If you do not already have installed Microsoft Visual Studio 2005*, or on IA-32 architecture systems only, Microsoft Visual Studio .NET 2003* or Microsoft Visual C++ .NET 2003*, the Intel® Visual Fortran installation will install Microsoft Visual Studio 2005* Premier Partner Edition. This provides the Microsoft visual development environment, including debugger, as well as the tools and libraries needed for development from either the visual development environment or the command line.

Note: Microsoft Visual Studio Premier Partner Edition is not provided for some license types, including Evaluation and Student. Please see the System Requirements for more details.

If you will be using Microsoft Visual Studio 2005 Premier Partner Edition, the following limitations apply:

These limitations do not apply if you have a separately purchased version of Microsoft Visual Studio 2005, or on IA-32 architecture only, Visual Studio .NET 2003 or Visual C++ .NET 2003.

Intel® COM Server Wizard

The Intel® COM Server Wizard enables programmers to create COM servers in Fortran which can then provide services to other applications, including those in the .NET environment. The Component Object Model (COM) provides mechanisms for creating reusable software components. COM is an object-based programming model designed to promote software interoperability; that is, to allow two or more applications or components to easily cooperate with one another, even if they were written by different vendors at different times, in different programming languages, or if they are running on different machines running different operating systems.

For further information, please refer to the section Using the Intel(R) Fortran COM Server in the on-disk documentation.

Example Programs

A set of example programs demonstrating various programming techniques and usages for Fortran applications on Windows is provided in the <install_dir>\Compiler\Fortran\10.1.xxx\samples folder. Also provided are sample programs that are referenced by the compiler documentation. For further information, please open the samples.htm document in the samples folder. For version 10.1, three new samples have been added: COM\Autodice, DLL\DynamicLoad and QuickWin\Poker.

Multiple Compiler Versions May Be Installed

You can have multiple versions of the Intel® Visual Fortran Compiler installed, and as of version 10.0, two or more update versions can coexist. When you install an update to version 10.1, previous versions are not uninstalled automatically. Users of Microsoft Visual Studio must select the new version from within Microsoft Visual Studio (Tools > Options > Intel(R) Fortran > Compilers).. If you do not wish to have old versions installed, you can uninstall them before (recommended) or after installing the newer version. Note that the install path will be different for each update.

New and Changed Command Line Options

The following is a listing of command line options that are new or have changed since the initial version 9.1 release. Please refer to the compiler documentation for more information on these options.

/arch:ia32
Tells the compiler to generate generic IA-32 architecture code, overriding any different default that the compiler may set. (IA-32 architecture only, default: off)
/assume:[no]old_boz
Controls how binary, octal and hexadecimal constants are treated as arguments to the INT, REAL, DBLE and CMPLX intrinsics. See note on Fortran 2003 Behaviors below. (Default: off)
/assume:[no]old_unit_star
Controls how input and output to unit *, as well as ACCEPT, PRINT and TYPE is handled.. See note on Fortran 2003 Behaviors below. (Default: on)
/assume:[no]old_xor
Determines whether .XOR. is defined by the compiler as an intrinsic operator. See note below. (Default: on)
/assume:protect_parens
Determines whether the optimizer honors parentheses in REAL and COMPLEX expression evaluations by not reassociating operations. (Default: off)
/assume:[no]realloc_lhs
Determines whether allocatable objects on the left hand side of an assignment are treated according to Fortran 95/90 rules or Fortran 2003 rules. See note on Fortran 2003 Behaviors below. (Default: off)
/assume:[no]std_mod_proc_name
Determines whether the names of module procedures are allowed to conflict with user external symbol names. See note below. (Default: off)
/check:[no]pointer
Enables or disables run-time checking for accesses through null pointers or of unallocated ALLOCATABLE variables. (Default: /check:nopointer)
/fast
Enables a set of options for improved performance. The options have changed in this release. Please see note below.
/heap-arrays[-]
Specifies that automatic arrays and arrays created for temporary computation should be allocated on the heap rather than the stack
/help [category]
Displays all available compiler options or a category of compiler options (Default: off)
/QaxS
Specifies that the compiler is to generate SSE4 Vectorizing Compiler and Media Accelerators instructions for future Intel processors that support the instructions, as well as generic IA-32 architecture code. (IA-32 and Intel® 64 architecture only, default: off)
/Qdiag-<type>:<diag-list>
Controls the display of diagnostic information (Default: off)
/Qdiag-dump
Tells the compiler to print all enabled diagnostic messages and stop compilation (Default: off)
/Qdiag-enable:sv[1|2|3]
Enables the Static Verifier. (Default: off)
/Qdiag-enable:sv-include
Specifies that include files should also be considered by the Static Verifier
/Qdiag-file-append[:file]
Causes the results of diagnostic analysis to be appended to a file. (Default: off)
/Qfnalign[:n]
Tells the compiler to align functions on an optimal byte boundary. (IA-32 and Intel® 64 architecture only, default: off)
/Qfp-speculation=<mode>
Tells the compiler the mode in which to speculate on floating-point operations (Default: fast)
/Qinline-dllimport[-]
Determines whether dllimport functions are inlined (Default: on)
/Qinstrument-functions[-]
Determines whether function entry and exit points are instrumented (Default: off)
/Qipo-jobs:n
Specifies the number of commands (jobs) to be executed simultaneously during the link phase of Interprocedural Optimization (IPO).
/Qkeep-static-consts[-]
Tells the compiler to preserve allocation of variables that are not referenced in the source (Default: off)
/Qopenmp-lib:type
Lets you specify an OpenMP* run-time library to use for linking. . (Default: legacy)
/Qopt-jump-tables:default|never|large|<max-entries>
Controls the use of "jump tables" by the compiler. See below for more information. (Default: default)
/Qopt-loadpair[-]
Enables or disables generation of loadpair code (IA-64 architecture only, default on)
/Qopt-mod-versioning[-]
Enables or disables generation of alternate versions of code paths for modulo operations in cases where the modulo is a power of 2. (IA-64 architecture only, default: off)
/Qopt-multi-version-aggressive[-]
Tells the compiler to use aggressive multi-versioning to check for pointer aliasing and scalar replacement. (IA-32 and Intel® 64 architecture only, default: off)
/Qopt-prefetch-initial-values[-]
Enables or disables prefetch optimization prior to a loop for values which may be used within the first few iterations of the loop. (IA-64 architecture only, default: on)
/Qopt-prefetch-issue-excl-hint[-]
Enables or disables use of the "exclusive" hint when generating prefetch instructions. (IA-64 architecture only, default: off)
/Qopt-prefetch-next-iteration[-]
Enables or disables prefetch generation for memory accesses in the next iteration; typically used in a pointer-chasing loop. (IA-64 architecture only, default: on)
/Qopt-ra-region-strategy[:keyword]
Selects the method that the register allocator uses to partition each routine into regions. (IA-32 and Intel® 64 architecture only, default: default)
/Qpar-adjust-stack:n
Tells the compiler to generate code to adjust the stack size for a fiber-based main thread. (IA-32 and Intel® 64 architecture only, default: 0)
/Qpar-runtime-control[-]
Generates code to perform run-time checks for loops that have symbolic loop bounds. (Default: off)
/Qpar-schedule-<keyword>[[:]n]
Specifies a scheduling algorithm for DO loop iterations
/Qprefetch[-]
Enables or disables the prefetch insertion optimization. Use on IA-32 architecture requires specifying /QxT. (IA-32 and IA-64 architecture only, default: off)
/Qsave-temps[-]
Tells the compiler to save intermediate files created during compilation (Default: on)
/Qtcheck[:<mode>]
Indicates the method of analysis to be performed for OpenMP threaded applications (Default: off)
/Qtcollect
Inserts instrumentation probes calling the Intel® Trace Collector API (Default: off)
/Qunroll-aggressive[-]
Tells the compiler to use aggressive, complete unrolling for loops with small constant trip counts. (Default: off)
/Qvec-guard-write[-]
Tells the compiler to perform a conditional check in a vectorized loop. (IA-32 and Intel® 64 architecture only, default: off)
/QxO
Specifies that the compiler is to generate SSE3, SSE2 and SSE instructions and to optimize for the Intel® Pentium® 4 processor and Intel® Xeon® processor with SSE3. Generated code should operate on processors not made by Intel that support SSE3, SSE2 and SSE instruction sets, such as some AMD* processors. This value does not enable some optimizations enabled in the S, T, and P processor values. (IA-32 and Intel® 64 architecture only, default: off)
/QxS
Specifies that the compiler is to generate SSE4 Vectorizing Compiler and Media Accelerators instructions for future Intel processors that support the instructions. The compiler can also generate SSSE3, SSE3, SSE2, and SSE instructions and it can optimize for future Intel processors. (IA-32 and Intel® 64 architecture only, default: off)
/std or /stand
Same as /stand:f03. Note that this is a change from previous versions. (Default: off)
/stand:f03 or /std03
Tells the compiler to issue warnings for source syntax that does not conform to the Fortran 2003 standard. (Default: off)

Deprecated and Removed Command Line Options

For information on command line options that are either deprecated (still functional but to be removed in a future version) or removed (no longer supported), please refer to the section Compiler Options > Deprecated and Removed Compiler Options in the on-disk documentation.

/Qopt-jump-tables:default|never|large|<max-entries>

This option allows user control for the size of jump tables generated by the compiler. Jump tables are used for SELECT CASE constructs, which are implemented either as jump tables or a series of if-then-else constructs. The method used typically has an impact on performance of the generated code, and on the size of the data area. Using jump tables will favor speed over size.

The available values are:

default
Let the compiler decide. A jump table, a series of if-then-else constructs, or a combination is generated. The method used depends on factors such as number of cases in the construct and density of the cases. This is the default.
never
Never generate jump tables. Always use if-then-else constructs
large
Generate jump tables up to 65536 entries
<max-entries>
Generate jump tables up to <max-entries> in size

Meaning of /fast Changed

The /fast option is a shorter way of specifying a set of options that generally improve run-time performance. As documented, the set of options may change over time. As of version 10.0, /fast sets /QxT, whereas in earlier versions it set /QxP. If this change is not appropriate for you, you must specify the individual options you want instead of using /fast. Please see the Compiler Options section of the on-disk documentation for further information.

Meaning of /stand Changed

In version 10.0, the meaning of the /stand option, when specified without a following keyword, is changed to mean /stand:f03, or checking for conformance to Fortran 2003. You can select checking against Fortran 90 or Fortran 95 by specifying /stand:f90 or /stand:f95. /std is an alternate spelling of /stand. Note that the Intel® Fortran Language Reference still highlights Fortran 2003 features as extensions to Fortran 95.

/QxW Enabled by Default on Intel® 64 Systems

On Intel® 64 architecture systems, /QxW is enabled by default; this has the effect of enabling vectorization and you may see vectorization report messages displayed where you did not when using previous releases. To disable the vectorization report messages, use /Qdiag-disable:vec. You may still specify alternate options such as /QxP or /QaxT.

Alternate Command Line Options

Many command line options have an older spelling where underscores (“_”) instead of hyphens (“-“) connect the words in the option name. The older spelling is still a valid alternate option name.

Support for Microsoft* Visual Studio .NET* 2002 No Longer Provided

Command line and visual development environment integration for Microsoft Visual Studio .NET 2002 is no longer provided. The Visual Studio versions supported are 2003 and 2005.

Support for Microsoft* OpenMP* Libraries

As of version 10.1 you can specify that OpenMP libraries compatible Microsoft Visual C++ be used by specifying /Qopenmp-lib:compat. This may be desirable if your application contains some source modules built with Microsoft Visual C++ and your application uses OpenMP. The default is /Qopenmp-lib:legacy which uses the Intel-supplied OpenMP libraries.

Applications using the compat libraries must be built with version 10.0 or later of the Intel C++ and/or Fortran compilers with /Qopenmp-lib:compat specified.

In a future release, the default will change to /Qopenmp-lib:compat, and in a release after that, the legacy libraries will be removed.

Fortran 2003 Behaviors

Fortran 2003 defines behaviors for language features that were either extensions to previous standards or left unspecified in earlier standards. While version 10.1 of the Intel Fortran Compiler does not yet support all of Fortran 2003, the compiler now selects the Fortran 2003 behavior in some cases where earlier compiler versions chose a different behavior. In some other cases, the compiler defaults have not yet changed. These are described below.

Assignment to allocatable objects

In Fortran 95, assignment to an allocatable array required that the left and right hand side of the assignment match in shape and length parameters. In Fortran 2003, if the shapes and length parameters do not match, the variable being assigned to is deallocated and then reallocated to shape and length parameters matching the expression being assigned. As of version 10.1, the compiler can perform the extra actions specified by Fortran 2003, but as these can significantly hurt performance, the default is to retain the Fortran 95 behavior requiring that the shapes and length parameters match. If you want the Fortran 2003 behavior that deallocates and reallocates the variable on a shape mismatch, specify /assume:realloc_lhs

Binary, octal and hexadecimal constants

In Fortran 95, binary, octal and hexadecimal constants ("BOZ constants") were allowed in DATA statements only and were restricted to initializing scalar integer variables. As an extension to Fortran 95, the Intel Fortran Compiler allowed BOZ constants in any context, with the type interpretation determined by the context. Fortran 2003 expands the use of BOZ constants permitting them to initialize any numeric type and in arguments to the INT, REAL, DBLE and CMPLX intrinsics.

The Fortran 2003 semantics for use of BOZ constants match the previous extended implementation of Intel Fortran except for the case of a BOZ constant as an argument to INT, REAL, DBLE and CMPLX. Fortran 2003 specifies that in these contexts a BOZ constant is interpreted as a binary value which is interpreted directly as the data type returned by the intrinsic, whereas the previous Intel Fortran interpretation was to treat the BOZ constant as a signed integer value which was then converted.

For example:

print *, real(Z'40490FDB')

with the old behavior (/assume:old_boz) prints 1.0785300E+09 and with the new behavior (/assume:noold_boz) prints 3.141593.

As of version 10.0, the default behavior for Intel Fortran is that of Fortran 2003, to transfer the binary value without conversion. If your application needs the old behavior, compile with the option /assume:old_boz.

Default I/O unit *

In the Intel Fortran Compiler, I/O unit * and the implied units used by the ACCEPT, PRINT and TYPE statements, are by default associated with unit numbers distinct from those that could be specified in an OPEN statement, such as unit 5 or 6. Fortran 2003 requires that the programmer be able to OPEN these default units, which is incompatible with the current Intel Fortran behavior.

In version 10.0, the /assume:[no]old_unit_star compile command option has been added to control this behavior. The default, /assume:old_unit_star, retains the current and past behavior with unit * being distinct from units 5 and 6. If you want to use the Fortran 2003 behavior, or if you will be using the Fortran 2003 intrinsic module ISO_FORTRAN_ENV and its defined constants INPUT_UNIT and OUTPUT_UNIT, specify /assume:noold_unit_star to have unit * (and ACCEPT, PRINT and TYPE) use units 5 (input) and 6 (output).

The default for this behavior may change in a future release.

RECL= unit for unformatted files

In version 10.1, as in versions 8.x and 9.x of Intel Fortran, when opening a file for unformatted I/O, the value specified for the RECL= keyword in OPEN is in four-byte units, the size of a default integer. Previous Fortran standards have said that the RECL= unit was "implementation-dependent", but Fortran 2003 "recommends" that it be single bytes. To specify that the RECL= unit for unformatted I/O be bytes, use the existing compiler option /assume:byterecl. You must also use this option if your application uses the FILE_STORAGE_SIZE named constant from the intrinsic module ISO_FORTRAN_ENV.

.XOR. Intrinsic Operator

The Intel Fortran compiler defines, as an extension, an intrinsic operator .XOR.. This can cause conflicts with a user-defined operator of the same name as the intrinsic operator has a different precedence than user-defined operators. If you are definining your own operator .XOR. you can specify /assume:no_old_xor to disable the compiler's definition of .XOR. as an intrinsic operator.

Global Symbol for Module Procedures and Variables

The Intel Fortran compiler constructs the global name for module procedures and variables by joining the module name with the procedure or variable name, separated with the string "_mp_", and then applying the standard name decoration rules. For example, a procedure SUB in module MYMOD would have a global name of MYMOD_mp_SUB. If you have specified the /names:lowercase option, this method could conflict with a user procedure whose name contains the string _mp_. If your application has this conflict, specify the option /assume:noold_mod_proc_name which will switch the case of the separator to be the opposite of the default name case. You must specify the same option for the entire application so that the names are consistent.

Stream I/O (Fortran 2003 feature)

The compiler now supports the Fortran 2003 Stream I/O feature, which provides the ability to read and write files as a stream of bytes. To enable stream access, open the file specifying ACCESS='STREAM'. The READ and WRITE statements support a POS= keyword to specify file position. For more information, please refer to the Intel Fortran Compiler Language Reference.

Change in Behavior for RECORDTYPE='STREAMxx'

Intel Fortran has supported, as an extension, the RECORDTYPE values STREAM, STREAM_CR and STREAM_LF in the OPEN statement. In previous versions, neither the documentation nor the implementation were correct and the two were inconsistent. The old behavior was as follows:

RECORDTYPE='STREAM'
When writing, emits LF as a line terminator. On input, does not recognize delimiters.
RECORDTYPE='STREAM_CR'
When writing, emits CR-LF as a line terminator. On input, does not recognize delimiters.
RECORDTYPE='STREAM_LF'
When writing, emits CR-LF (Windows), LF (Linux* and Mac OS* X) as a line terminator. On input, does not recognize delimiters

Furthermore, if CARRIAGECONTROL='NONE' was specified, the behavior changed.

In version 10.1, the behavior changes as follows:

RECORDTYPE='STREAM'
No delimiter is written or read. Similar to Fortran 2003 Stream I/O
RECORDTYPE-'STREAM_CR'
Writes and reads CR as a record delimiter
RECORDTYPE='STREAM_LF'
Writes and reads LF as a record delimiter

A new option is defined as follows:

RECORDTYPE='STREAM_CRLF'
Writes and reads a CR-LF pair as a record delimiter

CARRIAGECONTROL no longer affects the behavior of RECORDTYPE.

On Windows, the default formatted record delimiter is CR-LF; on Linux and Mac OS* X it is LF. With these changes, it is now possible to specify a particular delimiter type on all three operating systems in a consistent fashion.

If you wish to change the run-time behavior of an application without editing the source, a new environment variable FOR_FMT_TERMINATOR can be defined. The value of this environment variable takes the form:

mode[:ulist][;mode[:ulist]...]

where mode is one of CR, LF or CRLF and ulist is an optional range of unit numbers to which that mode applies, for example, 2,17-20, 91

New Fortran 2003 Features

The following features from the Fortran 2003 standard have been added since the initial release of version 9.1. Some of these features first appeared in updates to version 9.1. For additional details, please see the Intel® Fortran Language Reference.

Additional Language Features

For details on the following new language features, please see the Intel® Fortran Language Reference

New Environment Variables to Specify Default Record Lengths

Two new environment variables are available to change the run-time behavior of applications: FORT_FMT_RECL and FORT_UNFMT_RECL.

FORT_FMT_RECL is used to specify a default RECL (Record Length) value for all Fortran units opened for formatted I/O. If defined with an unsigned decimal integer value, the environment variable value is used as if that value had been specified for RECL= for OPEN when the RECORDTYPE is not 'FIXED'. The most common use of this is to change the line length for list-directed output, which has a default of 80 columns.

FORT_UNFMT_RECL is used to specify a default RECL (Record Length) value for all Fortran units opened for unformatted I/O. If defined with an unsigned decimal integer value, the environment variable value is used as if that value had been specified for RECL= for OPEN when the RECORDTYPE is not 'FIXED'. The most common use of this is to change the maximum segment length for files opened with RECORDTYPE='SEGMENTED', which has a default of 2040 bytes.

KMP_AFFINITY Environment Variable for OpenMP* Applications

The KMP_AFFINITY environment variable can be used in an OpenMP* application to specify how execution threads should be bound to processors on the system. This setting's effect is to bind each thread, in order of creation, in a round-robin fashion to a processor core in the system for the duration of the program. The value of KMP_AFFINITY should be of the form:

compact,<level>

where <level> is a non-negative integer. For example:

compact,1

The argument <level> specifies the gap between successive thread's bound cores in the machine topology map, which is represented as a binary tree. A level of zero indicates that threads will be bound to successive threading contexts for processors which have Intel® Hyper-Threading Technology enabled, or successive processors if not. The levels increase by one level from threading contexts, to cores, to packages (processors) in sequence. This setting is supported for processors supplied by Intel Corporation only on systems where the required operating system support for thread binding is present.

Improved Parallelizer and Vectorizer

This version features a complete redesign of the optimizer that integrates parallelization (all architectures) and vectorization (IA-32 and Intel® 64 architecture) at O2 and O3 optimization levels with memory and loop optimizations.

Performance can be substantially improved by:

New and Enhanced Optimization Reports for Advanced Loop Transformations

Loop Transformation (HLO) Optimization reports tell you why the compiler was unable to apply loop interchange transformations on a set of loops and suggests loop interchange if the reported bottlenecks can be removed by source changes.   These reports have been enhanced to provide more detailed information and to be easier to understand.

Static Verifier

Static Verifier is a new compiler feature which performs static analysis of a program across multiple source files. It can detect different kinds of defects and doubtful or inconsistent uses of language features in user code and report them according to their severity level. Static Verifier understands C/C++ and Fortran code and can also perform analysis of OpenMP directives.
 
In this release, when Static Verifier is enabled the linker is not invoked so an executable or static/dynamic link library is not produced, object files that were produced as a result of invocation of Static Verifier are not valid and should not be used for generating of real executable or static/dynamic link libraries. The current usage model is that Static Verifier is added as an alternate build option to produce a diagnostic report.

Static Verifier cannot be used in conjunction with cross-file interprocedural optimization (/Qipo).

For more information, please refer to the section on Building Applications > Error Handling > Handling Compile Time Errors > using Static Verification Diagnostic Options in the on-disk documentation.

Using Static Verifier in the Microsoft Visual Studio Environment

When Static Verifier support is enabled within the IDE, the customary final build target (e.g. an executable image) is not created. As such, we recommend that a separate "Static Verification" configuration be created, by cloning the existing Debug (development) configuration, for use when static verification is desired.

Enhanced Win32* API Modules

The WIn32* API modules, such as IFWINTY and KERNEL32, have been updated to include additional symbols defined by newer Microsoft operating system versions. If you have declared these symbols in your application source you may need to remove your declarations in order to allow for successful compilation. Also, a new module PSAPI is provided.

Restriction on STDCALL Attribute with ENTRY Points

Version 10.0 of the compiler enforces the restriction that if in a procedure containing ENTRY points, if the SUBROUTINE or FUNCTION or any ENTRY is given the STDCALL attribute through the use of the !DEC$ ATTRIBUTES STDCALL directive, all must have STDCALL.

Incompatible Change Made for External Name Decoration of Module Variables on Intel® 64 and IA-64 Architecture

For Microsoft Windows on the Intel® 64 and IA-64 architecture systems, the documented convention for how external and global symbol names are decorated is different from that for the IA-32 architecture. On IA-32 architecture, global symbols generated by compilers are supposed to have a leading underscore, whereas on the Intel® 64 and iA-64 architectures the leading underscore is to be omitted.

In previous versions, the Intel Fortran Compiler followed this rule except in the case of module variables. For example, the variable X in module MOD should be given the global name _MOD_mp_X on IA-32 architecture but MOD_mp_X on Intel® 64 and IA-64 architectures. However, due to an error, the compiler was using the leading underscore for module variables on all three platforms. This led to confusion and linking errors, especially when module variables were referenced from C++ or other non-Fortran code.

In the version 10.0 release, this error has been corrected, so that the leading underscore is properly omitted on the Intel® 64 and IA-64 architectures. Applications consisting of Fortran only should not notice the change if all sources are rebuilt. The change will be visible in the following cases:

While we understand that introducing an incompatibility of this nature is not good, we believe it is better to fix it now while there are still relatively few 64-bit applications rather than trying to deal with the inconsistency at a later time. The old behavior is available by use of a special compiler option, /switch:fe_old_modvar. If you specify this option, then the underscore will be added as it was in version 9.1 and earlier. If you need to specify this in the Microsoft Visual Studio environment, select the property page Fortran > Command Line and enter it under Additional Options.

IA-32 architecture applications are not affected by this change. If you have questions about this change, please contact Intel® Premier Support.

Visual Studio Integration Improvements

In version 10.1, the following changes have been made to the compiler's integration into Microsoft Visual Studio 2003 and 2005.

Fortran 2003 Feature Summary

The Intel Fortran Compiler supports many features that are new to the latest revision of the Fortran standard, Fortran 2003. Additional Fortran 2003 features will appear in future versions. Fortran 2003 features supported by the current compiler include:

IMSL* Fortran Libraries 6.0 (Professional Edition with IMSL* Only)

If you have licensed Intel® Visual Fortran Professional Edition with IMSL*, the IMSL* Fortran Libraries 6.0 from Visual Numerics* are provided (separate install required.)

For information on how to configure your environment for using the IMSL libraries from either Microsoft Visual Studio or the command line, please read Intel® Visual Fortran Compiler Documentation > Building Applications > Using Libraries > Using the IMSL* Mathematical and Statistical Libraries. This information has changed from previous releases. For information on the IMSL Fortran Libraries 6.0, including new features and changes, please refer to the IMSL documentation viewable using Start > All Programs > Visual Numerics.

The IMSL Fortran Libraries 6.0 are thread-safe. This requires changes in the build process for Fortran applications using IMSL.

Intel® Debugger (IDB) To Be Removed In Future Version

In a future major release of the Intel® Visual Fortran Compiler for Windows, the Intel® Debugger (IDB) will no longer be provided. Debugging inside Microsoft Visual Studio is unaffected. Please use the debugging capability in Microsoft Visual Studio instead of IDB.

System Requirements

Architecture Terminology

Intel® compilers support three platforms: general combinations of processor architecture and operating system type. This section explains the terms that Intel uses to describe the platforms in its documentation, installation procedures and support site.

IA-32
IA-32 Architecture refers to systems based on 32-bit processors generally compatible with the Intel Pentium® II processor, (for example, Intel® Pentium® 4 processor or Intel® Xeon® processor), or processors from other manufacturers supporting the same instruction set, running a 32-bit operating system.
Intel® 64
Intel® 64 Architecture refers to systems based on IA-32 architecture processors which have 64-bit architectural extensions, for example, Intel® Core™2 processor family), running a 64-bit operating system such as Microsoft Windows XP* Professional x64 Edition or Microsoft Windows Vista* x64. If the system is running a 32-bit version of the Windows operating system, then IA-32 architecture applies instead. Systems based on AMD* processors running a 64-bit version of Windows are also supported by Intel compilers for Intel® 64 architecture applications.
IA-64
Refers to systems based on the Intel® Itanium® processor running a 64-bit operating system.

Native and Cross-Platform Development

The term "native" refers to building an application that will run on the same platform that it was built on; for example, building on IA-32 architecture to run on IA-32 architecture . The term "cross-platform" or "cross-compilation" refers to building an application on a platform type different from the one on which it will be run, for example, building on IA-32 architecture to run on Intel® 64 architecture systems. Not all combinations of cross-platform development are supported and some combinations may require installation of optional tools and libraries.

The following table describes the supported combinations of compilation host (system on which you build the application) and application target (system on which the application runs).

Host and Target Combinations
Host \ Target IA-32 Intel® 64 IA-64
IA-32
Yes
Yes
Yes
Intel® 64
Yes
Yes
Yes
IA-64
No
No
Yes

For Development of Applications to Run On Systems with IA-32 or Intel® 64 Architecture Processors or AMD* Processors

Minimum Hardware Requirements
 
Software Requirements

For Development of Applications to Run On Systems with IA-64 Architecture (Intel® Itanium®) Processors

Minimum Hardware Requirements
 
Software Requirements

Requirements to Run Applications

Notes:

It is the responsibility of application developers to ensure that the machine instructions contained in the application are supported by the operating system and processor on which the application is to run.

Installing on Microsoft Windows Vista*

For Windows Vista, Microsoft supports only Visual Studio 2005/2008* and not earlier Visual Studio versions. Before installing the Intel compiler on Windows Vista, Visual Studio 2005 users should install Visual Studio 2005 Service Pack 1 (VS 2005 SP1) as well as the Visual Studio 2005 Service Pack 1 Update for Windows Vista which is linked to from the VS 2005 SP1 page. After installing these updates, you must ensure that Visual Studio runs with Administrator permissions, otherwise you will be unable to use the Intel compiler. Please uninstall the Intel compiler integration before installing any Visual Studio updates. For more information, please see Microsoft's Visual Studio on Windows Vista page and related documents.

Installation

Please see the separate Installation Guide for installation and configuration instructions.

Known Issues

Name Decoration Restored for BIND(C,NAME=)

If you specify the NAME= keyword for the BIND(C) attribute, the compiler should apply whatever name decoration rules, such as leading underscore, would be used by the C compiler for the same name. Some previous versions of the Intel Fortran Compiler did not apply this decoration, but the correct behavior was restored as of the January 2008 update. If you had added the decoration to the value of NAME= you will now need to remove it.

Building Visual Studio Projects from the Command Line

If you have a Visual Studio-created Intel Fortran project or solution and wish to initiate a build from the command line or a batch file, use devenv.exe, the Visual Studio launcher. Type devenv /? for available command line options.  The Microsoft tools MSBuild and Team Build cannot currently be used to build Intel Fortran projects.

Static, Single-Threaded Libraries Not Available in Visual Studio 2005

In Microsoft Visual Studio 2005, the static, single-threaded Visual C++ libraries libc.lib and libcd.lib have been removed. If you specified that the Intel Fortran Compiler should use Visual Studio 2005 for command-line building, and attempt to build an application with the static, single-threaded library, which was the default in earlier versions, you will get a warning from the compiler as follows:

ifort: warning: option '/Qvc8' or higher used with '/ML[d]' is not supported

Note that /Qvc8 was added to ifort.cfg at install time if you specified command line integration with Visual Studio 2005. This tells the ifort compiler driver that you are using Visual Studio 2005. (You will also see this warning if you compile with the /static option. This will be fixed in a future version of the product.)

If you attempt to link such an application you will get an error from the linker that libc.lib or libcd.lib is not found. For example:

LINK : fatal error LNK1104: cannot open file 'LIBC.lib'

To resolve this, specify the threaded and/or DLL forms of the run-time libraries. For example:

If you do not specify otherwise, the ifort default for use with Visual Studio 2005 is /libs:static /threads which is the same as /MT.

This issue may also affect projects which are built from the Microsoft Visual Studio IDE. In this case, change the project property Fortran..Libraries..Use Run-Time Library to the desired new value.

Active Platform Dropdown is Empty in Visual Studio 2005

In Visual Studio 2005, after adding a new project platform (x64 or Itanium), the active platform dropdown list in the toolbar may be empty. As a workaround, click on the Output window to make it active, and then the dropdown list will appear.

Mixed-Language Applications in Visual Studio 2005

In Microsoft Visual Studio 2005 with a C/C++ main program and a Fortran static library dependent project, Visual Studio no longer looks for the output file (typically a .lib) of non-C/C++ dependent projects. The alternative is to add the dependent project's .lib as a "source file" or to give its full path on the Linker property page as an "Additional Dependency". This issue is resolved in Visual Studio 2005 Service Pack 1.

Dialog Editor in Visual Studio 2005

In Microsoft Visual Studio 2005, the Dialog Editor (part of the Resource Editor) disallows all changes unless a Visual C++ project has been opened. This issue is resolved in Visual Studio 2005 Service Pack 1.

Avoid Special Characters in Visual Studio Application Wizards

When using a Fortran Project Wizard in Visual Studio to create a project with sample code, such as "Dynamic-Link Library with Sample Code", avoid the use of the following special characters in the project name:

~ ! @ $ ^ ( ) + ` - = { } [ ] ; ' ,

Otherwise, the project may fail to be created. You should also avoid use of these characters in the names of classes, interfaces, and class derived types in the Intel® COM Server Wizard.

Intel® COM Server Wizard Issues

Link Error for IA-64 or Intel® 64 Architecture Systems When Using Platform SDK

When building for IA-64 or Intel® 64 architecture systems using the Microsoft Platform SDK, applications may fail to link with errors such as the following:

LIBC.lib(a_str.obj) : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol __security_cookie
[...]
LIBC.lib(a_str.obj) : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol __security_check_cookie
[...]

This problem is due to an inconsistency within some versions of the Microsoft Platform SDK. Intel is working with Microsoft to resolve this issue. To work around the problem, link your application in one of the following ways:

Enabling Run-Time Checks May Also Enable Compile-Time Checks

In some cases, enabling run-time checks using the /check or /C option may cause the compiler to issue diagnostics for the requested condition at compile-time, if it can be diagnosed then. For example, an array bounds violation with a constant subscript may result in a compile-time error if / check:bounds or /CB is specified.

Limited Debug Information with Automatic CPU Dispatching (/Qax*)

Compilation using /Qax[code] results in two copies of generated code for each function: one for generic code and one for CPU specific code. The symbol for each function then refers to an Auto CPU Dispatch routine that decides at run-time which one of the generated code sections to execute. Debugger breakpoints that are set on these functions by name cause the application to stop in the dispatch routine. This may cause unexpected behavior when debugging. This issue may be addressed in a future version of the Intel Debugger and Compilers.

Cannot Debug or View Traceback for IA-32 Architecture Programs Built with /Oy-

Compilation using /Oy- specifies that the IA-32 architecture EBP register be used as a general purpose register, eliminating its use as a frame pointer. Debuggers and traceback handlers may not be able to properly unwind through a stack that contains a call to a function that is compiled in this manner.

Extra Floating Point Exception Visible When Debugging

On IA-32 architecture systems, for programs compiled with the -fpe:0 option that encounter a floating point exception, one extra floating overflow exception will be raised deliberately by the Fortran runtime library to determine which version of the Microsoft libraries is linked to the user’s program.  This extra exception is raised only once per program process.  When in the debugger, users should not be alarmed to see an expected underflow exception followed by an unexpected overflow exception.

Technical Support

If you did not register your compiler during installation, please do so at the Intel® Software Development Products Registration Center. Registration entitles you to free technical support, product updates and upgrades for the duration of the support term.

For information about how to find Technical Support, Product Updates, Users Forums, FAQs, tips and tricks, and other support information, please visit: http://www.intel.com/software/products/support/fwin.

Note: If your distributor provides technical support for this product, please contact them for support rather than Intel.

Submitting Issues

Steps to submit an issue:

  1. Go to http://www.intel.com/software/products/support and click on the link for Intel® Premier Support.
  2. Log in to the site. Note that your username and password are case-sensitive.
  3. Click on the "Go" button next to the "Product" drop-down list.
  4. Click on the "Submit Issue" link in the left navigation bar.
  5. Choose "Development Environment (tools,SDV,EAP)" from the "Product Type" drop-down list.
  6. If this is a software or license-related issue, choose "Intel(R) Fortran Compiler for Windows*" from the "Product Name" drop-down list.
  7. Enter your question and complete the fields in the windows that follow to successfully submit the issue.

Note: Please notify your support representative prior to submitting source code where access needs to be restricted to certain countries to determine if this request can be accommodated.

Guidelines for problem report or product suggestion:

  1. Describe your difficulty or suggestion.
    For problem reports please be as specific as possible, so that we may reproduce the problem. For compiler problem reports, please include the compiler options and a small test case if possible.
  2. Describe your system configuration information.
    You can obtain the Package ID information as follows: Select Start..All Programs..Intel(R) Software Development Tools..Intel(R) Fortran Compiler 10.1.x..Fortran Build Environment for applications running on <architecture-name> Applications Type the command:
        ifort /what
    and copy the "Package ID" (e.g. w_fc_x_10.1.xxx) from the output into the corresponding Intel® Premier Support field. Please include any other specific information that may be relevant to helping us to reproduce and address your concern.
  3. If you were not able to install the compiler or cannot get the Package ID, enter the filename you downloaded as the package ID.

Resolved Issues

Please review <package ID>_README.TXT (e.g. w_fc_p_10.1.xxx_README), available for download from Intel® Software Development Products Registration Center Product Downloads, to see which issues have been resolved in the latest version of the compiler.

Compiler Error Source Reducer (CESR)

Compiler Error Source Reducer (CESR) is a set of utilities which are useful individually or collectively in gathering, reducing, pinpointing, protecting, documenting, and bundling test cases comprised of C/C++ or Fortran source code. It can be helpful if you have a large application for which you want to extract a small test case for submission to Intel® Premier Support. CESR can be downloaded from Intel® Software Development Products Registration Center Product Downloads. Select your product and in the version dropdown, select CESR. CESR is unsupported and should be considered experimental, but we welcome your feedback on it through Intel® Premier Support. CESR requires prior installation of Python* 2.2 or newer.

Documentation

You can view the Intel compiler and related HTML-based documentation with a web browser that supports the Compiled HTML Help (.CHM) format, which provides full navigation, index look-up, search, and hyperlink capabilities. If your browser does not support opening .CHM files, you can open them directly by double-clicking on the file names in Windows Explorer in the Docs directory.

The documentation index is provided for easy access of all documents. The Document index is available from the Intel® Visual Fortran Compiler program folder and is located at: <install-dir>Compiler\Fortran\10.1.xxx\Docs\Doc_Index.htm. For this release, the online help has been reorganized as described in the Doc_Index.htm file and now includes a Getting Started guide as well as a separate Installation Guide. The Intel® Debugger Manual is available from the Intel® Debugger program folder.

Basic information on building applications using Microsoft Visual Studio is provided in the on-disk documentation under Building Applications > Building Applications from Microsoft Visual Studio*. Information on advanced topics regarding Microsoft Visual Studio can be found in the MSDN Library* supplied with retail versions of Microsoft Visual Studio. MSDN Library is not provided with Microsoft Visual Studio Premier Partner Edition in Intel® Visual Fortran. You can access MSDN Library online at http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ and can also download a DVD image of the latest MSDN Library by visiting the Microsoft Download Center (http://www.microsoft.com/downloads) and searching for "MSDN Library".

Documentation for the optional IMSL* Fortran Library and Intel® Math Kernel Library can be found under their respective Start Menu program groups.

Additional Information

Related Products and Services

Information on Intel software development products is available at http://www.intel.com/software/products.

Some of the related products include:

Disclaimer and Legal Information

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Intel may make changes to specifications and product descriptions at any time, without notice. Designers must not rely on the absence or characteristics of any features or instructions marked "reserved" or "undefined." Intel reserves these for future definition and shall have no responsibility whatsoever for conflicts or incompatibilities arising from future changes to them. The information here is subject to change without notice. Do not finalize a design with this information.

The products described in this document may contain design defects or errors known as errata which may cause the product to deviate from published specifications. Current characterized errata are available on request.

Contact your local Intel sales office or your distributor to obtain the latest specifications and before placing your product order.

Copies of documents which have an order number and are referenced in this document, or other Intel literature, may be obtained by calling 1-800-548-4725, or by visiting Intel's Web Site.

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* Other names and brands may be claimed as the property of others.

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